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Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第4期14卷 45-60页

作者： Papa Amath Diagne Jean Claude Ndiogou Dione Papa Ousmane Ba Momar Sokhna Diop El Hadji Boubacar Ba Momar Dioum Marième Soda Mbaye Moussa Seck Diop Mory Camara abdou Lahad Mbengue abdou aziz thiaw abdoul Khoudoss Diallo Moussa Mareme Samba Dialtabé Ibrahima Guéssé Ba Anta Mbaye Sall Papa Salmaneba Amadou Gabriel Ciss Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery FANN National University Hospital Dakar Senegal

This is a review of the first 10 coronary artery bypass surgeries performed by the local team. The mean age was 62 years old [45 - 74]. The patients were predominantly male, with a M/F ratio of 4:1. Cardiovascular risk factors were mainly myocardial infarction (MI) (60%), hypertension (50%), obesity (40%) and diabetes (30%), with at least two risk factors per patient. Angina was the main symptom (80%). The average time from presentation to surgery was 8 months. The mean Euroscore 2 was 2.92 ± 1.65 [1.33 - 6.60]. Coronary angiography revealed an average of 2 lesions per patient, with 3-vessel involvement in 70% of cases: the Interventricular artery (IVA) (100%), the right coronary artery (90%) and the circumflex artery (70%). On echocardiography, the mean Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 59% [33% - 76%]. All patients underwent median sternotomy with bypass grafting. The average duration of the cardiopulmonary bypass was 150 min [46 - 275 min];that of aortic clamping, 120 min [43 - 232 min]. The grafts used were internal thoracic artery (ITA) in 100% of cases (80% on the left and 20% on the right), and the great saphenous vein (GSV) in 60% of cases (50% on the left and 10 on the right). Double bypass was performed in 60% of cases, single bypass in 30% and triple bypass in 10%. The bypasses were performed on the IVA (100%), the middle lateral of the circumflex (30%) and the bisector (20%). The average time to extubation was 11 hours and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 7 days [03 - 17 days]. One patient had a reoperation on Day 0 post-op. The average hospital stay was 13 days [06 - 27 days]. Complications occurred in nine of the patients (90%), with a predominance of infectious and neurological complications. Overall operative mortality was 3%, all in intensive care.

关键词： Coronary Bypass Surgery Coronary Lesions Cardiac Surgery Senegal

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Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery（心血管外科国际期刊） 2024年第4期 45页

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Efficacy of Different Fungicides against Mango Anthracnose in Senegalese Soudanian Agroclimate

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2224-2229页

作者： Papa Madiallacke Diedhiou Yaya Diallo Rokhaya Faye abdou aziz Mbengue abdou Sene Département de Biologie végétale Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Département Productions Végétales et Agronomie UFR des Sciences Agronomiques d’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal

Anthracnose is the one of the most devastating diseases of mango produced in the southern part of Senegal. The field trials against post harvest rot due to anthracnose took place in three orchards over two production seasons, in 2009 and 2010. Three systemic fungicides (thiophanate methyl, azoxystrobin and myclobutanyl) and one contact fungicide (mancozeb) were tested for their efficacy. The first treatments in 2009 took place in the rainy season, while 20% of mangoes on trees exhibited anthracnose lesions. At ripening stage, 100% of fruits from non treated control mango trees were affected by anthracnose and got rotten, while between 73.2% and 80% of mangoes ripened free of disease when treated with thiophanate methyl. With the treatment with azoxystrobin, between 46.6% and 60% of fruits were not infected. Treatment with myclobutanyl was less effective. This level of effectiveness was clearly improved in 2010 by preventive spraying, days ahead of onset of the rainy season, before the appearance of anthracnose symptoms on fruits. The level of effectiveness was higher respectively for thiophanate methyl (between 96% and 100% of fruits not infected) and azoxystrobin (between 84% and 96% of fruits not infected).

关键词： Anthracnose Fungicides Mango Soudanian Agroclimate Senegal

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Diabetes Ketoacidosis in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study from the Teaching Hospital of Pikine

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 75-83页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Ngone Diaba Diack abdou Tall Khadidiatou Samb Yakham Mohamed Leye abdoulaye Leye abdou aziz Diouf Alassane Diouf Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Gynaecology-Obstetric Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pregnancy is rare but associated with maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the epidemiological, diagnostic, and prognostic characteristics of DKA in pregnant women in Dakar hospitals and to study the predictive factors of its occurrence. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2013 to January 2021 in the Internal Medicine/ Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition and Gynaecology-Obstetrics departments of the National University Hospital Centre in Pikine, Senegal. Medical files of all pregnant women hospitalised for DKA during this period were collected. Results: A total of 10 patients were included in the study. Average age was 30.9 years. Two patients with unplanned pregnancies had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (pre-GDM) and did not have regular diabetic follow-up. Among the 8 patients with GDM, risk factors for GDM were found in 7 women, and three had a history of GDM. Blood glucose levels were >1.02 and >11 g/L for these two groups, respectively. None of the women had been systematically screened for GDM between 24 and 28 gestational weeks. Signs of ketosis were present: 6 patients had Kussmaul dyspnea and one patient had a Glasgow Coma Score of 10/15. The precipitating factor was infection in three patients. Two patients had pre-eclampsia. The evolution of DKA was favourable in all patients. For pregnancy outcomes: 4 cases of intrauterine foetal death were recorded, 2 women carried their pregnancy to term, a woman gives birth prematurely and 3 patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: DKA during pregnancy is rare in Dakar hospitals but health risk increases with the lack of screening for GDM in pregnant women, follow-up in a specialised environment, and pregnancy planning in diabetic patients. The obstetrical prognosis is poor for GDM patients, with a high rate of foetal death in utero.

关键词： Diabetic Ketoacidosis Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancy Pikine Senegal

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Petrology of Metaluminous A-Type Rhyolite Discovered from Hadjer el Hamis Volcanoes (Lake Chad Basin)

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Open Journal of Geology 2018年第9期8卷 883-895页

作者： Claudial Amane Lagmet Fadimatou Ngounouno Yamgouot Mama Ntoumbe abdou aziz Youpougam Ismaila Ngounouno Institut Universitaire Polytechnique de Mongo N’DjaménaChad Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of NgaoundereYaoundeCameroon School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of NgaoundereMeigangaCameroon

Metaluminous (P.I. > 1) rhyolite from Hadjer el Hamis consisted of quartz, alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene (hedenbergite), amphibole (F-arfvedsonite) and oxides-hydroxides (ilmenite, magnetite, limonite) phenocrysts is characterized by the negative Eu, Ba, P, Sr and Ti anomalies. This metaluminous rhyolite and the early discovered peralkaline rhyolites in Hadjer el Hamis volcanoes derive likely from the same source, according to their coexistence on the same sector and their similar Zr/Nb ratios. The causes of magma heterogeneity are likely linked to varying amounts of extraction of an earlier melt phase or tectonic juxtaposition or a sudden increasing of fO2 in silicic magmas, triggered from a hydrothermal process, associated with F- and alkali-bearing fluids influx, which promoted the enrichment of Na in the hedenbergite rims and the crystallization of arfvedsonite.

关键词： Metaluminous Rhyolites Lake Chad Petrology Hadjer el Hamis

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Alternative Phenotypic Profile for B-Cell Abnormality in a Case at Zinder National Hospital

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 8-16页

作者： Brah Moustapha Maman Amadou Djibrilla-Almoustapha Moustapha Elhadji-Chefou abdoul-aziz Garba Badé Malam-abdou Department of Medicine Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Medicine H&#244pital National de Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Medicine Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Medicine Université Dan Dicko Dan Koulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger

Introduction: Since it is impossible to establish a diagnosis in the presence of hyperlymphocytosis not secondary to lymphocytic hyperactivation, we considered a B-lymphoid hematopathy with a non-specific phenotypic profile. We report one case of this. Observation: This is a forty-eight (48) year old patient with hyperlymphocytosis at 139,000 elements per cubic millimeter, heterogeneous splenomegaly at 25.6 cm in diameter on abdominal ultrasound without detectable deep or peripheral lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood cytology shows lymphocyte cell proliferation suggestive of the circulating phase of chronic lymphoproliferative B syndrome. The expression profile of cell membrane markers did not allow for the definition of a specific phenotypic profile. Faced with this immunophenotyping result, we considered a B-lymphoid hemopathy with a non-specific phenotypic profile. After three courses, the MINICHOP treatment was used to achieve partial remission with wasting of more than 80% of the evaluable masses. Conclusion: Despite the contribution of immunophenotyping in the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative syndromes, it is possible to consider the diagnosis of a B-lymphoid hemopathy with a phenotypic non-specific profile of CD45+, monotypic kappa, CD19+, FMC7+, CD22+, CD5−, CD79b−, CD23−, CD43−, CD38−, CD200−.

关键词： Hyperlymphocytosis CLL Immunophenotyping MINICHOP

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Comparative Characteristics of Hydrated Lime with Fine Sewage Sludge Ash (FSSA) and Coal Fly Ash (CFA)

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第5期10卷 446-459页

作者： Mamoudou Sall abdou Ciss Wade Gora Dieye Alassane Traoré Prince Momar Gueye Prince Momar Gueye Saliou Diouf Déthié thiaw Khalifa Ababacar Diop Djibril Diop Laboratory of X-Ray Department of Physic Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Institute of Applied Nuclear Technology Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Civil Engineering Materials High Polytechnic School University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

The disposal of waste has become an environmental issue due to the limited available landfilling space. This paper aims to compare the characteristics of hydrated lime with fine sewage sludge ash (FSSA) and coal fly ash (CFA). Multiple techniques, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), compressive strengths, thermophysical properties, and setting time were used to assess the physicochemical characteristics of the lime-based materials. X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction were used to determine the chemical composition and phases of ashes, lime and binders. The results showed that the chemical composition of ashes is similar to that of cement. Besides glass, the main minerals identified in CFA and FSSA are quartz (SiO2) and anhydrite (CaSO4). Moreover, calcium aluminium oxide (Ca3Al2O6) was detected for CFA and phosphorus calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4-Ca3(PO4)2) for FSSA and minor phases were detected for both. FTIR measurements were carried out to characterize the inorganics components of different samples. Compressive strengths of mortars with different formulations have shown that both have a long-term positive effect which might be related to a pozzolanic activity. For the CFA the L3 binder consisting of 60% of coal fly ash and 40% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others while for the FSSA the L4 binder consisting of 80% fine ash and 20% lime has a higher compressive strength than the others. Both binders setting start times are greater than that of cement but shorter than that of lime. The study of the thermophysical properties of binders shows that they have a higher thermal resistance than cement mortar. Moreover, binders heat up less quickly because of their low effusivity compared to cement. Lime-based materials system could be a promising option to both relieve t

关键词： Coal Fly Ash Fine Sewage Sludge Ash Lime Binder Microstructure Thermomechanical Behavior

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Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Congenital Heart Disease with Left-to-Right Shunt: According to a Retrospective Study at Albert Royer’s National Children’s Hospital Center

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 649-656页

作者： Aliou Mar Coundoul Khadim Bop abdou aziz Faye Amadou Lamine Fall Idrissa Demba Ba Papa Mactar Faye Department of Cardiology Albert Royer’s National Children’s Hospital Dakar Senegal Pediatric Ward Abass Ndao Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH is a progressive disease characterized by an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance. It often complicates congenital heart disease with a left-to-right shunt. The objective of this study is to evaluate the evolutionary profile of the pulmonary pressures of children with congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt and to identify the factors favoring an evolution towards PAH. This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of four years and six months (from January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2020) at the Center National d’Enfant Albert Royer in Dakar on a series of 87 cases. The hospital frequency was 3.98 per thousand, and the incidence of PAH was 9.44%. The sex ratio of 0.74. The average age was 44.76 months. The average time between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis of heart disease is 78.81 days. Dyspnea was found in 70.11% of cases, the burst of pulmonary B2 was found in 55%. Global heart failure was noted in 39.08% of cases. Cardiomegaly was found in 89.66% and pulmonary hypervascularization was found in 57.72% of cases. CIV was present in 54.02% of cases, followed by PCA in 21.14% and CAVc in 18.39% of cases. furosemide was used in 97.70% of cases and Captopril in 74.71% of cases. Sildenafil was used in 10.34% of patients, and 12.64% of patients benefited from surgical management. Eisenmenger syndrome was found in 12.64% of patients. PAH in these heart diseases is a formidable and frequent complication, due to an increase in precapillary flow. The major improvement in mortality and morbidity is early surgical management, in the first months of life, to prevent pulmonary vascular disease.

关键词： PAH Left-to-Right Shunt Einsenmenger Syndrome

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Modern Postpartum Contraception: The Experience of Nabil Choucair Health Center, Dakar (Senegal)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第7期10卷 930-945页

作者： Babacar Biaye Khadidiatou Ndour Omar Gassama Youssoupha Toure Mor Cissé abdou Ndiaye abdoul aziz Diouf Mamour Gueye Alassane Diouf Jean Charles Moreau Gynecological and Obstetric Clinic of Aristide Hospital Le Dantec of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Introduction: In Senegal, according to the 2017 Demographic Health Survey, about 22% of married women have an unmet need for family planning. Globally, 61% of women do not have access to postpartum family planning. Material and Method: This is a prospective, descriptive and analytical study from March 05, 2017 to January 31, 2018. The interrogation was done in the hospital ward with filling in the data collection form. The data collected was first coded and then entered, using the sphinx software. The data analysis was done with Epi info version 7 software and included a descriptive and analytical component. Results: The average age of the patients was 26 years with extremes of 15 and 48 years. Average gestation was 2.3 with extremes of 1 and 8 pregnancies. More than half of the women (64.7%) had delivered by caesarean in an emergency setting. More than half of the women (66.7%) had chosen the hormonal contraceptive method within 48 hours of delivery and the implant was the type of contraceptive prescribed in almost half of the cases (49.3%). Conclusion: Integrating postpartum family planning into programs will ultimately help to dramatically decrease high-risk pregnancies, decrease the unmet need for family plannin

关键词： Contraception Postpartum Mother and Child Health

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Assessment of Obstetric Evacuations: Received during the Year 2020 at the Touba Ndamatou Public Health Hospital Establishment

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第6期12卷 528-540页

作者： Babacar Biaye Mouhamadou Wade Daba Diop abdou Karim Diallo Mor Ndiaye Alioune Diop Awa Ndiaye Mamadou Sene abdoul aziz Diouf Mamour Gueye Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

The counter-referral system is particularly important for care during pregnancy, childbirth and the post-partum period as it facilitates access to emergency obstetric and neonatal care. It allows people to access care that is not likely to be provided at the base and to manage certain complications arising in emergency settings. We therefore looked at the evaluation of obstetric evacuations from the Touba Ndamatou public health. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of descriptive and analytical type extending over a period of 12 months from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 at the public hospital health establishment (PHHE) of Touba Ndamatou. Results: One thousand five hundred and sixty (1560) patients evacuated for obstetrical reasons were collected out of a total admission of 5560, i.e., a frequency of 28%. The average age of the patients was 25.54 years. The mean gestation was 3.24 pregnancies. The average parity was 3.04 deliveries. Almost all of our patients (99%) were married. Slightly more than one in two women (53.6%) had performed at least 2 or 3 Prenatal consultations. 80% of parturients had traveled a distance of less than 20 km. 623 patients came by their own means (54.6%). Evacuation was provided by an ambulance in 509 patients, i.e., 44.6%. Arterial hypertension and its complications were the frequent reason for evacuations with approximately one in four patients (26.2%). Only 3.6% of patients had qualified personnel on board being evacuated. In our series, 13 deaths were recorded, i.e., 1.1% of cases. The distance traveled seemed not to influence the future of the mother (p = 0.51). The non-accompaniment of the patient during the evacuation by a medical staff seemed to influence the prognosis of the mother (p = 0.031). Fetal morbidity was higher among evacuees not accompanied by medical personnel. The state of apparent death was observed in the majority of cases in patients received over a distance of more than 20 km. Conclusion: Evacuation

关键词： Evacuation Pregnancy Senegal

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