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Unraveling the nature of sensing in electrostatic MEMs gas sensors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 109-117页

作者： Yasser s.shama sasan Rahmanian Hamza Mouharrar Rana abdelrahman Alaaeldin Elhady Eihab M.Abdel-Rahman systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterloo N2L 3G1 ONCanada Mechanical Engineering Benha Faculty of EngineeringBenha UniversityBenha 13511Egypt

This paper investigates the fundamental sensing mechanism of electrostatic MEMs gas *** compares among the responsivities of a set of MEMs isopropanol sensors before and after functionalization,and in the presence and absence of electrostatic fields when operated in static and dynamic detection *** the static mode,we found that the sensors do not exhibit a measurable change in displacement due to added *** the other hand,bare sensors showed a clear change in displacement in response to isopropanol *** the dynamic mode,functionalized sensors showed a measurable frequency shift due to the added mass of isopropanol *** the presence of strong electrostatic fields,the measured frequency shift was found to be threefold larger than that in their absence in response to the same concentration of isopropanol *** enhanced responsivity of dynamic detection allows the sensors to measure the vapor mass captured by the functional material,which is not the case for static *** detection of isopropanol by bare sensors in static mode shows that change in the medium permittivity is the primary sensing *** enhanced responsivity of dynamic mode sensors when operated in strong electrostatic fields shows that their sensing mechanism is a combination of a weaker added mass effect and a stronger permittivity *** findings show that electrostatic MEMs gas sensors are independent of the direction of the gravitational field and are,thus,robust to changes in *** is erroneous to refer to them as‘gravimetric’sensors.

关键词： mechanism. electrostatic measurable

Insulin resistance as the molecular link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1430-1447页

作者： Mona Mohamed Ibrahim abdalla Department of Human Biology School of MedicineInternational Medical UniversityBukit Jalil 57000Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Diabetes mellitus(DM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)are two major health concerns that have seen a rising prevalence *** studies have indicated a possible link between DM and an increased risk of developing ***,while primarily known for its role in regulating blood sugar,also plays a vital role in protecting brain *** resistance(IR),especially prevalent in type 2 diabetes,is believed to play a significant role in AD's *** insulin signalling becomes dysfunctional,it can negatively affect various brain functions,making individuals more susceptible to AD's defining features,such as the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques and tau protein *** research suggests that addressing insulin-related issues might help reduce or even reverse the brain changes linked to *** review aims to explore the relationship between DM and AD,with a focus on the role of *** also explores the molecular mechanisms by which IR might lead to brain changes and assesses current treatments that target *** IR's role in the connection between DM and AD offers new possibilities for treatments and highlights the importance of continued research in this interdisciplinary field.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Insulin resistance Obesity Dementia Diabetes Metabolic syndrome

Classified VPN Network Traffic Flow Using Time Related to Artificial Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 819-841页

作者： saad abdalla Agaili Mohamed sefer Kurnaz Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas UniversityIstanbul34000Turkey

VPNs are vital for safeguarding communication routes in the continually changing cybersecurity ***,increasing network attack complexity and variety require increasingly advanced algorithms to recognize and categorizeVPNnetwork *** present a novelVPNnetwork traffic flowclassificationmethod utilizing Artificial Neural Networks(ANN).This paper aims to provide a reliable system that can identify a virtual private network(VPN)traffic fromintrusion attempts,data exfiltration,and denial-of-service *** compile a broad dataset of labeled VPN traffic flows from various apps and usage ***,we create an ANN architecture that can handle encrypted communication and distinguish benign from dangerous *** effectively process and categorize encrypted packets,the neural network model has input,hidden,and output *** use advanced feature extraction approaches to improve the ANN’s classification accuracy by leveraging network traffic’s statistical and behavioral *** also use cutting-edge optimizationmethods to optimize network characteristics and *** suggested ANN-based categorization method is extensively tested and *** show the model effectively classifies VPN traffic *** also show that our ANN-based technique outperforms other approaches in precision,recall,and F1-score with 98.79%*** study improves VPN security and protects against new *** VPNtraffic flows effectively helps enterprises protect sensitive data,maintain network integrity,and respond quickly to security *** study advances network security and lays the groundwork for ANN-based cybersecurity solutions.

关键词： VPN network traffic flow ANN classification intrusion detection data exfiltration encrypted traffic feature extraction network security

Advancing sandstone reservoir compressibility prediction:A correlation-driven methodology

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 273-279页

作者： Tarek Ganat Meftah Hrairi Amr Badawy Vahid Khosravi Mohammed abdalla Department of Petroleum Chemical Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityP.O.Box 50Al-Khod123MuscatOman Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering International Islamic University MalaysiaP.O.Box 1050728Kuala LumpurMalaysia Reservoir Engineering section Petronas Carigali SDN BHDP.O.Box 10500088Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTechnologyand Built EnvironmentUCSI University56000Kuala LumpurMalaysia Chemical&Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box No.15551Al AinUAE

This study presents a correlation-based approach for predicting the compressibility of sandstone reservoir *** study proposes a matrix of new empirical equations that significantly improve the precision of measuring the pore volume compressibility,with the most optimal fit of results based on a cubic polynomial *** accuracy of the calculations was validated through comparison with actual data using root mean square method,and the suggested correlations significantly enhance the precise prediction of rock compressibility in sandstone *** this study,the source of data collection is consolidated and unconsolidated sandstone from East Asia offshore ***,variations in compressibility with net overburden pressure over the course of the field's lifespan have been *** results demonstrate the application of regression analysis in establishing a network of linkages between independent and dependent *** proposed correlations for consolidated and unconsolidated sandstones offer a remarkable improvement in the accurate calculation of rock compressibility compared to traditional laboratory procedures,with an average error of 2.5%compared to 5-10%for laboratory *** approach of this study offers a cost-effective and time-efficient alternative to remarkedly enhance the overall performance of sandstone reservoirs in the oil and gas industry.

关键词： Compressibility Consolidated and unconsolidated sandstone Rock properties Rock mechanics

simulation and structural parameter optimization of rotary blade cutting soil based on sPH method

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 82-90页

作者： Xiongye Zhang Xue Hu Lixin Zhang abdalla Noureldin Osman Kheiry College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Bingtuan Energy Development Institute Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Machinery Shihezi 832000XinjiangChina Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShihezi 832000XinjiangChina College of Agricultural Engineering Sudan University of Science and TechnologyKhartoum 999129Sudan

Pre-sowing mechanical tillage in crop fields is a primary task and important aspect of crop *** interaction between the tillage components and the soil plays a crucial role in determining the energy consumption of tillage ***,it is essential to investigate soil-tool interaction mechanisms and optimize tool design for energy savings in soil *** study employed the smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(sPH)method to investigate the soil cutting process of a typical rotary *** article describes the principles and modeling process of the sPH method in *** includes the selection of constitutive models,boundary treatments,and particle conversion.A high-precision soil-tool interaction model was established to analyze the deformation zone of the soil,cutting energy,cutting resistance,and soil particle *** simulation experiments and response surface methodology were used to optimize key design parameters of the rotary blade considering both the reduction in cutting power consumption and the impact on the structural performance of the *** optimal parameters were determined as follows:a bending point included angle of 30°,a side cutting edge bending line direction angle of 51°,and a bending angle of 120°.These parameters resulted in a minimum power consumption of 0.181 kW while meeting the required structural ***,experiments were conducted on field rotary tillage,and the measured power consumption showed a deviation of 7.1%from the simulated power *** optimized power consumption was reduced by 9.52%compared to the initial power consumption,validating the accuracy of the simulation process and the effectiveness of energy savings.

关键词： rotary blade smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics response surface methodology energy consumption optimization

Long-term outcomes of titanium-nitride-oxide coated stents and drug-eluting stents in acute coronary syndrome:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 293-305页

作者： Muhammad Ahmed Ali Fahim Afia salman Hira Anas Khan syed Muhammad Hasan Muskan FatimaBhojani sarah Aslam Amna Zia Ul Haq Vishal Reddy Bejugam Beena Muntaha Nasir Wajiha Gul Abdul Moeed abdelrahman s.abdalla Muhammad Majid Muhammad sohaib Asghar Md Al Hasibuzzaman Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine North Central Bronx HospitalBronxNY 10467United States Department of Urology Center for Academic MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 33872United States Department of Cardiovascular Imaging Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic RochesterRochesterMN 55905United States Institute of Nutrition and Food science University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh

BACKGROUND In severe cases of coronary artery disease,percutaneous coronary intervention provide promising *** stent used could be a drug-eluting stent(DEs)or a titanium-nitride-oxide coated stent(TiNOs).AIM To compare the 5-year effectiveness and safety of the two stent *** The following systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines,and PubMed/MEDLINE,scopus,and Cochrane Central were searched from inception till August *** outcomes were major adverse cardiac events(MACE),cardiac death,myocardial infarction(MI),cardiac death or MI,and ischemia-driven total lesion revascularization(ID-TLR).REsULTs Four randomized controlled trials(RCT),which analyzed a sum total of 3045 patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACs)after a median follow-up time of 5 years were *** statistically insignificant,an increase in the ID-TLR was observed in patients receiving TiNOss vs *** addition,MI,cardiac death and MI,and definite stent thrombosis(DsT)were significantly decreased in the TiNOs *** analysis revealed no significant results with meta-regression presenting non-sT elevated MI(NsTEMI)as a statistically significant covariate in the outcome of *** TiNOs was found to be superior to DEs in terms of MI,cardiac death or MI,and DsT outcomes,however,the effect of the two stent types on ID-TLR and MACE was not significant.A greater number of studies are required to establish an accurate comparison of patient outcomes in TiNOs and DEs.

关键词： stents Drug-eluting Major adverse cardiac events All-cause death Meta-analysis

Ballistic design and testing of a composite armour reinforced by CNTs suitable for armoured vehicles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 173-195页

作者： Evangelos Ch.Tsirogiannis Evangelos Daskalakis Mohamed H.Hassan abdalla M.Omar Paulo Bartolo EODH sA Research and Development DepartmentLakkoma Chalkidikis63080Greece school of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore

This paper is investigating the use of composite armour reinforced by nanomaterials, for the protection of light armoured(LAV) and medium armoured military vehicles(MAV), and the interaction between the composite materials and high-performance ballistic projectiles. Four armour materials, consisted of front hybrid fibre reinforced polymer cover layer, ceramic strike-face, fibre reinforced polymer intermediate layer and the metal matrix composite reinforced backplate, were manufactured and assembled by adhesive technology. The proposed laminated protection system is suitable for armoured ground vehicles;however, it could be used as armour on ground, air and naval platforms. The design of the protection system, including material selection and thickness, was elaborated depending on the performance requirements of Level 4 + sTANAG 4569 military standard(projectile 14.5 mm × 114 mm API B32) and especially on a design philosophy which is analysed with the specifications. The backplate of this new composite is a hybrid material of Metal Matrix Composite(MMC) reinforced with carbon nanotubes(CNTs), manufactured with the use of powder metallurgy technique. The composite backplate material was morphologically, mechanically and chemically analysed. Results show that all plates are presenting high mechanical properties and ballistic characteristics, compared to commonly used armour plates. Real military ballistic tests according to AEP-sTANAG 4569 were carried out for the total composite armour systems. After the ballistic tests, AA2024-CNT3 showed the best protection results, compared with the other plates(AA2024-CNT1 and AA2024-CNT2), with the projectile being unable to fully penetrate the composite plate.

关键词： Passive armour protection Protective armour Ballistic performance Hybrid composites Vehicle protection

High-Order spatial FDTD solver of Maxwell’s Equations for Terahertz Radiation Production

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1028-1042页

作者： abdelrahman Mahdy Department of Physical sciences College of Science Jazan University Jazan Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

We applied a spatial high-order finite-difference-time-domain (HO-FDTD) scheme to solve 2D Maxwell’s equations in order to develop a fluid model employed to study the production of terahertz radiation by the filamentation of two femtosecond lasers in air plasma. We examined the performance of the applied scheme, in this context, we implemented the developed model to study selected phenomena in terahertz radiation production, such as the excitation energy and conversion efficiency of the produced THz radiation, in addition to the influence of the pulse chirping on properties of the produced radiation. The obtained numerical results have clarified that the applied HO-FDTD scheme is precisely accurate to solve Maxwell’s equations and sufficiently valid to study the production of terahertz radiation by the filamentation of two femtosecond lasers in air plasma.

关键词： The Finite-Difference-Time-Domain Terahertz Radiation Production Filamentation of Femtosecond Laser Maxwell’s Equations solution

Mechanical performance of cold mix asphalt containing cup lump rubber as a sustainable bio-modifier

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 424-440页

作者： syed Abdul Ghafar Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid Norhidayah Abdul Hassan Zulfiqar Ali Jattak Ashraf abdalla Mohammed Radwan Faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering&Management SciencesQuettaPakistan Department of Civil Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and TechnologyKhuzdarPakistan Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of TripoliTripoliLibya

The road construction industry aims to contribute to the protection of already compromised *** mix asphalt(CMA)is a measure initiated by the road industry to protect the environment and preserve *** having additional benefits,CMA has attracted little attention due to its inferior ***'s performance is enhanced using a sustainable binder bio-modifier,natural cup lump rubber(CLR)is one of *** study evaluated the tensile properties,rutting,moisture susceptibility,and adhesion properties of CLR-modified CMA(CMA-CR).The tensile property was enhanced by 26%due to CLR ***-CR had excellent rutting resistance of less than 2 mm rut depth at 10,000 load cycles,showing 70%improvement compared with conventional *** susceptibility evaluation indicated that CMA-CR had tensile strength ratio(TsR)value of 104%,satisfying the minimum 80%requirement of AAsHTO *** also retained more than 96%bitumen *** moisture damage resistance was improved by 12%and 10%in terms of TsR and stripping,*** durability results revealed that the CMA-CR mixture prevented higher mass loss,representing 14%improvement compared with conventional CMA.

关键词： Cup lump rubber Cup lump modified cold mix asphalt Moisture damage Tensile property Rutting Digital imaging