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Energy-Efficient Low-Complexity Algorithm in 5G Massive MIMO Systems

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3189-3214页

作者： Adeeb Salh Lukman Audah Qazwan Abdullah Nor Shahida M.Shah Shipun A.Hamzah Shahilah Nordin Nabil farah Wireless and Radio Science Centre(WARAS) Faculty of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaBatu PahatJohor86400Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaPagohMuarJohorMalaysia Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik Universiti Teknologi MARA Kampus Permatang Pauh Permatang PauhPulau Pinang13500Malaysia

Energy efficiency(EE)is a critical design when taking into account circuit power consumption(CPC)in fifth-generation cellular *** problems arise because of the increasing number of antennas in massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)systems,attributable to inter-cell interference for channel state *** from that,a higher number of radio frequency(RF)chains at the base station and active users consume more power due to the processing activities in digital-to-analogue converters and power ***,antenna selection,user selection,optimal transmission power,and pilot reuse power are important aspects in improving energy efficiency in massive MIMO *** work aims to investigate joint antenna selection,optimal transmit power and joint user selection based on deriving the closed-form of the maximal EE,with complete knowledge of large-scale fading with maximum ratio *** also accounts for channel estimation and eliminating pilot contamination as antennas M→∞.This formulates the optimization problem of joint optimal antenna selection,transmits power allocation and joint user selection to mitigate inter-cellinterference in downlink multi-cell massive MIMO systems under minimized reuse of pilot sequences based on a novel iterative low-complexity algorithm(LCA)for Newton’s methods and Lagrange *** analyze the precise power consumption,a novel power consumption scheme is proposed for each individual antenna,based on the transmit power amplifier and *** results demonstrate that the maximal EE was achieved using the iterative LCA based on reasonable maximum transmit power,in the case the noise power is less than the received power *** maximum EE was achieved with the desired maximum transmit power threshold by minimizing pilot reuse,in the case the transmit power allocationρd=40 dBm,and the optimal EE=71.232 Mb/j.

关键词： Massive MIMO energy efficiency base station active users pilot contamination low-complexity algorithm radio frequency

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Unusual cause of syncopal episodes

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2012年第4期2卷 187-189页

作者： Raymond farah Rola Khamisy-farah Jamal Awad Department of Internal Medicine “B” Ziv Medical Center Safed Israel Internal Medicine “A” Department Western Galilee Hospital Nahariya Israel Obstetrics and Gynecology Western Galilee Hospital Nahariya Israel

We report a 43-year-old man who had been experiencing recurrent attacks of syncope for several years, and a search for the causes behind these lapses in consciousness was fruitless for many years. The patient was admitted to our department of internal medicine because of the symptoms flushing, hypotension and episodes of syncope. After a careful anamnesis and then a comprehensive investigation, we reached the definitive diagnosis of the infrequent disease “systemic mastocytosis”.

关键词： Syncope Hypotension Flushing Mastocytosis

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Energy Saving Analysis and Simulation for Home Electricity

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2020年第9期8卷 35-50页

作者： Nader Barsoum farah Talib Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering University of Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

This paper presents the energy saving method by applying the voltage control technique on a single-phase AC source to a thyristor rectifier and an IGBT inverter with LC filter. Based on the LC filter parameter, the values of the gain for the controller are obtainable. The proposed controller structure consists of two loops arranged in a cascaded model. The output of the first loop is the capacitor current. This current is added to the load current in order to obtain the current reference. This reference current value will be compared with the inverter current which produces the error signal to be fed into the second loop in the cascade system. The output of the second loop is the inverter voltage. This voltage is added to the load voltage to produce the voltage reference. This reference is fed to the pulse width modulation generator via the controller and compared with the triangular wave. This energy-saving circuit is designed in blocks using MATLAB Simulink.

关键词： Energy-Saving Circuit Rectifier-Inverter LC Filter PI And PR Controllers MATLAB/Simulink

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A rare case of single right coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva with severe three-vessel disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第3期14卷 218-221页

作者： Saif Ibrahim Nachiket Patel Sayf Said Bashar Al-Turk DO Melissa Dakak DO farah Al-Saffar Department of Cardiology University of Florida Jacksonville FL USA Providence Hospital Washington DC USA Department of Internal Medicine University of Florida Jacksonville FL USA Department of Cardiology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA Department of Cardiology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ USA

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our observation unit with atypical angina found to be non-adherent with his an- ti-hypertensive medication regimen for one month. His medical history was notable for hypertension for ten years and current tobacco smoking. He was hypertensive with otherwise, stable vital signs. Cardiac auscultation revealed normal S1 and $2 without a murmur.

关键词： Coronary artery anomalies Coronary artery disease Sinus of Valsalva

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Integrated Review of Lifestyle Interventions Targeting Diet and Exercise in Early or First-Episode Psychosis

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第4期11卷 265-278页

作者： Chris Griffiths farah Hina Innovation and Research Department Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Northampton UK

Aims: Life expectancy is reduced by 10 - 20 years in psychotic disorders compared with the general population, largely due to high incidence of physical health disorders: heart attack, stroke, obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes. Early or first-episode psychosis patients can be especially vulnerable to physical health, psychological and social consequences of antipsychotic medication weight gain. The aim of this paper is to review diet and exercise lifestyle interventions employed to address these issues. Method: A review of research evidence on lifestyle interventions (diet and exercise) for individuals with early or first-episode psychosis (2000 to 2020) was undertaken. An internet-based literature search employed Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, PubMed and Web of Science. Results: Nine studies meeting the criteria were identified: comprising of three exercise intervention studies, one diet intervention study, and five combined diet and exercise intervention studies. Only one study used a RCT design with prior power analysis to determine participant numbers, two had a RCT design, two had a comparison group and four had no control group. Overall, these studies show that exercise and diet focused interventions may provide beneficial physical and mental health outcomes, but participant engagement and behaviour change may be difficult to achieve in early or first-episode psychosis due to individual factors associated with the experience of psychosis and medication prescribed, and health service related factors. Conclusion: There is a need for evidence-based lifestyle programmes in early or first-episode psychosis that includes individually targeted evidence based exercise and diet interventions. Further appropriately powered RCTs are required to strengthen the evidence base.

关键词： Early First-Episode Psychosis Diet Exercise Lifestyle Behaviour Change

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Old vs new: Risk factors predicting early onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第11期11卷 1011-1020页

作者： Aslam R Syed Payal Thakkar Zachary D Horne Heitham Abdul-Baki Gursimran Kochhar Katie farah Shyam Thakkar Division of Gastroenterology Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States Allegheny Singer Research Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPA 15212United States Division of Radiation Oncology Allegheny Health Network Cancer InstitutePittsburghPA 15212United States

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of all cancer related deaths in the United States and *** the incidence has been decreasing for individuals’≥50,it has been on the rise for individuals<*** To identify potential risk factors for early-onset *** A population-based cohort analysis using a national database,Explorys,screened all patients with an active electronic medical record from January 2012 to December 2016 with a diagnosis of *** were stratified based on age(25–49 years vs≥50 years).Demographics,comorbidities,and symptom profiles were recorded and compared between both age ***,the younger group was also compared with a control group consisting of individuals aged 25-49 years within the same timeframe without a diagnosis of *** points for CRC related factors were analyzed to identify potential risk factors specific to early-onset *** A total of 68860 patients were identified with CRC,of which 5710(8.3%)were younger than 50 years old,with 4140(73%)between 40-49 years of *** analysis was reported using odds ratio(OR)with 95%CI and demonstrated that several factors were associated with an increased risk of CRC in the early-onset group versus the later-onset *** factors included:African-American race(OR 1.18,95%CI:1.09-1.27,P<0.001),presenting symptoms of abdominal pain(OR 1.82,95%CI:1.72-1.92,P<0.001),rectal pain(OR 1.50,95%CI:1.28-1.77,P<0.001),altered bowel function(OR 1.12,95%CI:1.05-1.19,P=0.0005),having a family history of any cancer(OR 1.78,95%CI:1.67-1.90,P<0.001),gastrointestinal(GI)malignancy(OR 2.36,95%CI:2.18-2.55,P<0.001),polyps(OR 1.41,95%CI:1.08-1.20,P<0.001),and obesity(OR 1.14,95%CI:1.08-1.20,P<0.001).Comparing the early-onset cohort versus the control group,factors that were associated with an increased risk of CRC were:male gender(OR 1.34,95%CI:1.27-1.41),P<0.001),Caucasian(OR 1.48,95%CI:1.40-1.57,P<0.001)and African-American race(OR 1

关键词： Colorectal cancer Early-onset colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer screening Epidemiology analysis Colorectal neoplasm Average-risk screening

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A Compact Size 5G Hairpin Bandpass Filter with Multilayer Coupled Line

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 4025-4042页

作者： Qazwan Abdullah Ömer Aydogdu Adeeb Salh Nabil farah Md Hairul Nizam Talib Taha Sadeq Mohammed A.A.Al-Mekhalfi Abdu Saif Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Selçuk UniversityKonyaTurkey Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Konya Technical UniversityKonyaTurkey Faculty of Engineering Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaPagohMuarJohorMalaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia MelakaMelakaMalaysia Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusSelangor43000Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Department University of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia

The multilayer structure is a promising technique used to minimize the size of planar microstrip *** the flexible design and incorporation of other microwave components,multilayer band-pass filter results in better and enhanced *** paper introduces a microstrip fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band of 2.52–2.65 GHz using a parallel-coupled line(PCL)Bandpass filter and multilayer(ML)hairpin Bandpass *** targeted four-pole resonator has a center frequency of 2.585 GHz with a bandwidth of 130 *** filters are designed with a 0.1 dB passband ripple with a Chebyshev *** hairpin-line offers compact filter design ***,they can be obtained by bending half-wavelength resonator resonators with parallel couplings into a“U”*** proposed configuration of the parllel-coupled line resonator is used to design the ML band-pass *** FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant(Er)of 4.3 and 1.6 mm thickness was used.A comparative analysis between the simulated insertion loss and the reflection cofficient of substrates RO3003 and FR4 was performed to validate the eficiency of the proposed filter *** of PCL filter is accom-plished using computer simulation technology(CST)and an advanced design system(ADS)*** PCL Bandpass filter was experimentally validated and a total tally between simulation results and measured results were achieved demonstrating a well-measured reflection *** simulated results obtained by the hairpin ML bandpass filter show that the circuit performs well in terms of Scattering(S)parameters and the filter size is significantly reduced.

关键词： Band-pass filter 5G hairpin multi-layer size reduction parallelcoupled line

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Functional Time Series Models to Estimate Future Age-Specific Breast Cancer Incidence Rates for Women in Karachi, Pakistan

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第5期2卷 213-221页

作者： farah Yasmeen Sidra Zaheer Department of Statistics University of Karachi Pakistan Sehool of Public Health DUHS Karachi Pakistan

Background： Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in Pakistan. The incidence of breast cancer in Pakistan is about 2.5 times higher than that in the neighboring countries India and Iran. In Karachi, the most populated city of Pakistan, the age-standardized rate of breast cancer was 69.1 per 100,000 women during 1998-2002, which is the highest recorded rate in Asia. The carcinoma of breast in Pakistan is an enormous public health concern. In this study, we examined the recent trends of breast cancer incidence rates among the women in Karachi. Methods： We obtained the secondary data of breast cancer incidence from various hospitals. They included Jinnah Hospital, KIRAN （Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine）, and Civil hospital, where the data were available for the years 2004-2011. A total of 5331 new cases of female breast cancer were registered during this period. We analyzed the data in 5-year age groups 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75＋. Nonparametric smoothing were used to obtained age-specific incidence curves, and then the curves are decomposed using principal components analysis to fit FTS （functional time series） model. We then used exponential smoothing statspace models to estimate the forecasts of incidence curve and construct prediction intervals. Results： The breast cancer incidence rates in Karachi increased with age for all available years. The rates increased monotonically and are relatively sharp with the age from 15 years to 50 years and then they show variability after the age of 50 years. 10-year forecasts for the female breast cancer incidence rates in Karachi show that the future rates are expected to remain stable for the age-groups 15-50 years, but they will increase for the females of 50-years and over. Hence in future, the newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in the older women in Karachi are expected to increase. Conclusion： Prediction of age related changes in b

关键词： Breast cancer, incidence rates, nonparametric smoothing, FTS (functional time series), functional principal components.

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Numerical simulations of single and multi-staged injection of H_(2) in a supersonic scramjet combustor

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Propulsion and Power Research 2014年第4期3卷 175-186页

作者： L.Abu-farah O.J.Haidn H.-P.Kau Institute of Flight Propulsion Technische Universitaet MuenchenBoltzmannstrasse 15D-85748 Garchingbei MuenchenGermany

Computational fuid dynamics(CFD)simulations of a single staged injection of H_(2) through a central wedge shaped strut and a multi staged injection through wall injectors are carried out by using Ansys CFX-12 *** terahedral grids for narow channel and quarter geometries of the combustor are generated by using ICEM *** three dimensional(3D)Reynods averaged Navier-stokes(RANS)simulations are carried out in the case of no H_(2) injection and compared with the simulations of single staged pilot and/or main H2 injections and multistage *** stuess transport(SST)based on k-ω turbulent model is *** field visualization(omplex shock waves interactions)and static pressure distribution along the wall of the combustor are pradicted and compared with the experimental schlieren images and measured wall static pressures for validation.A good agreement is found between the CFD predicted results and the measured *** narow and quarter geometries of the combustor give similar results with very small ***-staged injections of H_(2) enhance the turbulent H_(2)/air mixing by fomming vortices and additional shock waves(bow shocks).

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)Reynolds-averaged Navier-stokes(RANS)simulation Supersonic combustor Shear stresstransport(SST)k-ω Static pressures H_(2)/air mixing Single/multi-stage injection

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Novel drug delivery systems for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1922-1933页

作者： farah Yasmin Hala Najeeb Shehryar Shaikh Muhammad Hasanain Unaiza Naeem Abdul Moeed Thoyaja Koritala Syedadeel Hasan Salim Surani Department of Medicine Dow University of Health ScienceKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Medicine Dow OJha University HospitalKarachi 74200Pakistan Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States Department of Medicine University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40292United States Department of Medicine Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a chronic illness characterized by relapsing inflammation of the *** disorder is stratified according to the severity and is marked by its two main phenotypical representations:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s *** of the disease is ambiguous and is expected to have interactivity between genetic disposition,environmental factors such as bacterial agents,and dysregulated immune *** for IBD aims to reduce symptom extent and severity and halt disease *** mainstay drugs have been 5-aminosalicylates(5-ASAs),corticosteroids,and immunosuppressive ***,oral and rectal routes are the conventional methods of drug delivery,and among all,oral administration is most widely ***,problems of systematic drug reactions and low specificity in delivering drugs to the inflamed sites have emerged with these regular routes of *** drug delivery systems have been introduced to overcome several therapeutic obstacles and for localized drug delivery to target ***-coated microneedle pills,various nano-drug delivery techniques,prodrug systems,lipid-based vesicular systems,hybrid drug delivery systems,and biologic drug delivery systems constitute some of these novel *** are painless,they dislodge their content at the affected site,and their release can be *** bacteria such as genetically engineered Lactococcus Lactis and eukaryotic cells,including GM immune cells and red blood cells as nanoparticle carriers,can be plausible delivery methods when evaluating biologic ***-particle drug delivery systems consisting of various techniques are also employed as nanoparticles can penetrate through inflamed regions and adhere to the thick mucus of the diseased *** systems such as 5-ASAs formulations or their derivatives are effective in reducing colonic *** can be modified with both hydrophilic and lipophilic p

关键词： Inflammation Inflammatory bowel diseases Colitis Ulcerative Crohn’s disease Drug delivery systems Drug carrier

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