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Characterizing Peak-Time Traffic Jam Incidents in Kampala Using Exploratory Data Analysis

Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第1期13卷 61-86页

作者： Sekalema Hamza Umar Yahya abdal kasule Kasagga Usama Pembe Fahad Kamoga Ibrahim Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Islamic University in Uganda Kampala Uganda Department of Information and Communication Technology Equator University of Science and Technology Masaka Uganda

Traffic congestion is associated with increased environmental pollutions, as well as reduced socio-economic productivity due to significant delays in travel times. The consequences are worse in least developed countries where motorized road transport networks are often inefficiently managed in addition to being largely underdeveloped. Recent research on traffic congestion has mostly focused on infrastructural aspects of road networks, with little or no emphasis at all on motorists’ on-the-road behavior (MB). The current study thus aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by characterizing traffic jam incidents (TJI) observed over a period of 80 days in Uganda’s Capital City, Kampala. MB as well as road network infrastructural factors such as road blockage (RB), were captured for each of the observed TJI. A total of 483 peak-time TJI were recorded, and exploratory data analysis (EDA) subsequently performed on the TJI dataset. EDA involved Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and K-means clustering of the TJI dataset, as well as a detailed descriptive statistical analysis of both the entire dataset and the emerging TJI clusters. A highlight finding of this study is that 48.2% of the observed TJIs were as a result of on-the-road motorist behavior. Furthermore, the intervention of traffic police officers in a bid to regulate traffic flow was equally responsible for 25.9% of the TJIs observed in this study. Overall, these results indicate that whereas road infrastructural improvement is warranted in order to improve traffic flow, introducing interventions to address inappropriate on-the-road motorists’ behavior could alone improve traffic flow in Kampala, by over 48%. Additionally, in-order to effectively regulate traffic flow in Kampala and other least developed cities with similar traffic congestion management practices, motorists’ on-the-road behavior ought to be factored into any data-driven mechanisms deployed to regulate traffic flow and thus potentially significantly

关键词： Motorist Behavior Traffic Jam Traffic Congestion Urban Road-Networks Motorized Transport Traffic Clusters

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Visual inspection of aircraft skin:Automated pixel-level defect detection by instance segmentation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第10期35卷 254-264页

作者： Meng DING Boer WU Juan XU Abdul Nasser kasule Hongfu ZUO College of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Health Monitoring and Intelligent Maintenance of CAAC Nanjing 210016China

Skin defect inspection is one of the most significant tasks in the conventional process of aircraft *** paper proposes a vision-based method of pixel-level defect detection,which is based on the Mask Scoring ***,an attention mechanism and a feature fusion module are introduced,to improve feature ***,a new classifier head—consisting of four convolutional layers and a fully connected layer—is proposed,to reduce the influence of information around the area of the ***,to evaluate the proposed method,a dataset of aircraft skin defects was constructed,containing 276 images with a resolution of 960×720 *** results show that the proposed classifier head improves the detection and segmentation accuracy,for aircraft skin defect inspection,more effectively than the attention mechanism and feature fusion *** with the Mask R-CNN and Mask Scoring R-CNN,the proposed method increased the segmentation precision by approximately 21%and 19.59%,*** results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against the other two methods of pixellevel aircraft skin defect detection.

关键词： Aircraft skin Automatic non-destructive testing Defect inspection Instance segmentation Machine vision

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Examination of the poverty-environmental degradation nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa

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区域可持续发展(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 296-308页

作者： Sadat Daaki SSEKIBAALA Twaha Ahmed kasule Department of Economics Islamic University in UgandaMbale2555Uganda

The relationship between environmental degradation and poverty has increasingly become the focus of national strategic decision-making in recent ***,despite several theoretical explorations on the nexus,a dearth of empirical literature on the poverty-environmental degradation nexus,specifically on Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),still *** this study,we investigated the poverty-environmental degradation nexus in *** hypothesized that poverty is both a cause and effect of environmental degradation,and this relationship is explained as a vicious *** previous studies,we employed several alternative indicators of environmental degradation to examine the poverty-environmental degradation nexus in this *** used data from 41 countries of SSA between 1996 and 2019 and employed the generalized method of moments(GMM)*** findings suggest a cyclical relationship between poverty and environmental degradation in SSA,which confirms that an increase in poverty leads to an increase in environmental degradation,especially in deforestation and PM2.5 ***,the increase in environmental degradation positively affects poverty in *** also confirmed that exogenous conditioning factors such as population growth rate,education,industrialization,and income inequality,institutional quality indicators such as governance effectiveness,control of corruption,freedom ad civil liberty,and democracy,and endogenous factors including fossil fuel energy use,fuelwood energy use,household health expenditure,infant mortality rate,and agriculture productivity influence the nexus between poverty and environmental *** findings on the relationship between poverty and environmental degradation in SSA are a testimonial evidence that both poverty and environmental degradation are significant issues in ***,poverty alleviation policies in SSA should not lead to PM2.5 emissions and deforestation,which may as well force people into a poverty-environm

关键词： Environmental degradation Poverty Vicious cycle hypothesis Sub-Saharan Africa Generalized method of moments(GMM)approach

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Aflatoxin Contamination and Rancidity in Locally Processed Commercial Fish Feeds and Ingredients along the Value Chain in Wakiso and Kampala Districts, Uganda

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 619-637页

作者： Joseph Magala David Kahwa Edward Nyatia Timothy kasule Fortunate Natwijuka National Agricultural Research Organization Bulindi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute Hoima Uganda Department of Wildlife and Animal Resource Management School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolaboratory Sciences School of Biosecurity Biotechnical and Laboratory Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda National Livestock Research Institute Namulonge Uganda Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Entebbe Uganda

Aflatoxin contamination and rancidity in locally processed commercial fish feeds and ingredients along value chains is a Public and Animal health hazard. The study established the level of aflatoxin contamination, peroxide value (PV), Anisidine value (AnV), and their associated factors at storage areas among farmers, processors, traders, factories, and landing sites in the Wakiso and Kampala districts. The value chain actors were purposively selected in a cross-sectional study based on access to the feed store and the use of locally processed commercial fish feeds on farms. Data collected were statistically analyzed in SPSS version 20. All the samples (45) were positive for aflatoxin contamination and PV with 51% (23/45) of samples being contaminated with “above acceptable” aflatoxin levels and 66.6% (30/45) of samples with “above acceptable” PV. The overall percentage of “above acceptable” AnV was 11/29 (37.9%). Samples from factories were within acceptable contamination levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant difference between aflatoxin contamination, peroxide, and Anisidine value with storage factors for locally processed commercial fish feeds and ingredients. The study recommended the purchase of fish feeds from factories and a larger study on storage factors responsible for aflatoxin contamination and rancidity in fish feeds in Uganda.

关键词： Aflatoxin Contamination Rancidity Locally Processed Fish Feeds and Ingredients

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