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Fine-Tuning Cyber Security Defenses: Evaluating Supervised Machine Learning Classifiers for Windows Malware Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2917-2939页

作者： Islam Zada mohammed naif Alatawi Syed Muhammad Saqlain Abdullah Alshahrani Adel Alshamran Kanwal Imran Hessa Alfraihi Department of Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad25000Pakistan Information Technology Department Faculty of Computers and Information TechnologyUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of PeshawarPeshawar25121Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Malware attacks on Windows machines pose significant cybersecurity threats,necessitating effective detection and prevention *** machine learning classifiers have emerged as promising tools for malware ***,there remains a need for comprehensive studies that compare the performance of different classifiers specifically for Windows malware *** this gap can provide valuable insights for enhancing cybersecurity *** numerous studies have explored malware detection using machine learning techniques,there is a lack of systematic comparison of supervised classifiers for Windows malware *** the relative effectiveness of these classifiers can inform the selection of optimal detection methods and improve overall security *** study aims to bridge the research gap by conducting a comparative analysis of supervised machine learning classifiers for detecting malware on Windows *** objectives include Investigating the performance of various classifiers,such as Gaussian naïve Bayes,K Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier(SGDC),and Decision Tree,in detecting Windows *** the accuracy,efficiency,and suitability of each classifier for real-world malware detection *** the strengths and limitations of different classifiers to provide insights for cybersecurity practitioners and *** recommendations for selecting the most effective classifier for Windows malware detection based on empirical *** study employs a structured methodology consisting of several phases:exploratory data analysis,data preprocessing,model training,and *** data analysis involves understanding the dataset’s characteristics and identifying preprocessing *** preprocessing includes cleaning,feature encoding,dimensionality reduction,and optimization to prepare the data for *** training utilizes various

关键词： Security and privacy challenges in the context of requirements engineering supervisedmachine learning malware detection windows systems comparative analysis Gaussian naive Bayes K Nearest Neighbors Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier Decision Tree

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Recent advances on flexible electrodes for na-ion batteries and Li–S batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第5期28卷 15-44页

作者： mohammed-Ibrahim Jamesh Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Applied and Plasma Physics School of Physics (A28) University of Sydney CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Chennai Unit CSIR Madras Complex

Flexible energy storage devices are essential for emerging flexible electronics. The existing state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries are slowly reaching their limitation in terms of cost and energy density. Hence, flexible na-ion batteries (SIBs) with abundanee na resources and Li-S batteries with high energy density become the alternative for the Li-ion batteries in future. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of flexible electrode materials for SIBs with metallic matrix and carb on aceous matrix such as carb on nano-tubes, carbon nano-fiber, graphene, carbon cloth, carbon fiber cloth, and cotton textiles. Then, the potential prototype flexible full SIBs are discussed. Further, the recent progress in the development of flexible electrode materials for Li-S batteries based on carb on nano-fiber, carb on nano-tubes, graphene, and cotton textiles is reviewed. Moreover, the design strategies of suitable interlayer, separator, electrolyte, and electrodes to prevent the dissolution and shuttle effect of polysulfides in flexible Li-S batteries are provided. Finally some prospective investigation trends towards future research of flexible SIBs and Li-S batteries are also proposed and discussed. The scientific and engineering knowledge gained on flexible SIBs and Li-S batteries provides conceivable development for practical application in near future.

关键词： na-ion batteries Lithium-sulfur batteries Flexible Free-standing High performance energy storage Long cycle life

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Nutritional quality and safety aspects of wild vegetables consume in Bangladesh

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第2期6卷 125-131页

作者： Miah mohammed Abdus Satter mohammed Murtaza Reza Linkon Khan Syeda Absha Jabin Nusrat Abedin mohammed Faridul Islam Badhan Shaha Institute of Food Science and Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Department of Food Science and Technology Moulana Bhasani University BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)

Objective: To evaluate the nutritional composition, including major minerals, essential trace elements and toxic heavy metals of five different wild vegetables Dhekishak(Dryopteris filix-mas), Helencha(Enhydra fluctuans), Kalmishak(Ipomoea aquatica),Patshak(Corchorus capsularis) and Shapla stem(Nymphaea stellata) and their safety ***: Proximate parameters moisture, ash, fat, fiber, protein, carbohydrate and energy; major minerals na, K, Ca and Mg; trace elements Fe, Zn and Cu; and toxic heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Hg were evaluated in the selected wild vegetables using the standard food analysis ***: The results from nutritional analysis showed that all the wild vegetables used in this study had a low content of crude fat and high content of moisture, ash, crude protein,crude fiber, carbohydrate and energy having the recommended dietary allowances. The vegetables were also rich in major minerals na, K, Ca and Mg, sufficient in essential trace elements Fe, Cu and Zn while the heavy metals Pb, Cr and Ni were detected higher in amount in all the vegetables except Patshak than the limits recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization. The heavy metals Cd and Hg were not detected in any ***: The outcome of this study suggests that the wild vegetables have very good nutritional potential to meet the recommended dietary allowances, but special awareness should be taken for public health concern about the high level of Pb, Cr and Ni which exceed the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization recommended limits for the metals in vegetables.

关键词： Wild vegetables Nutritional quality Mineral contents Heavy metals Safety aspects

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Spot urinary sodium for assessing dietary sodium restriction in cirrhotic ascites

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第29期15卷 3631-3635页

作者： mohammed Abdelhamid El-Bokl Bahaa Eldeen Senousy Khaled Zakaria El-Karmouty Inas El-Khedr mohammed Sherif Monier mohammed Sherif Sadek Shabana Hassan Shalaby Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ain Shams University school of Medicine Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt

AIM： To evaluate the accuracy of spot urinary na/K and na/creatinine （Cr） ratios as an alternative to 24-h urinary sodium in monitoring dietary compliance in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites treated with diuretics. METHODS： The study was carried on 40 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites treated with diuretic therapy. Patients were divided into two groups according to 24-h urinary sodium. We measured spot urine na/K ratio, na/ Cr ratio and 24-h urinary sodium. Student＇s t test was used to compare the interval variables and x^2 test to compare the nominal variables between the two groups. Receiver operator characteristic curve was used to identify the best cutoff point for na/K and na/Cr ratio. RESULTS： The best cutoff point for na/K ratio was 2.5 （P 〈 0.001） and area under the curve （AUC） was 0.9, and for na/Cr ratio, the best cutoff point was 35 （P 〈 0.001） and AUC was 0.885. na/K ratio showed higher sensitivity and accuracy compared to na/Cr ratio （87.5% and 87% for na/K ratio; 81% and 85% for na/Cr ratio, respectively）. CONCLUSION： Spot urine na/K ratio has adequate accuracy for assessment of dietary sodium restriction compared with 24-h urinary sodium in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites.

关键词： Ascites Liver cirrhosis Portal hypertension Urinary sodium

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Interaction of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide with cefixime trihydrate drug at different temperatures and compositions: Effect of different electrolytes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第8期27卷 1895-1903页

作者： Marzia Rahman Md.Anamul Hoque Malik Abdul Rub mohammed Abdullah Khan Department of Chemistry Jahangirnagar UniversitySavarDhaka 1342Bangladesh Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Herein,conductivity measurements have been carried out to explore the interaction between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB,a cationic surfactant) and antibiotic drug(cefixime trihydrate(CMT)) in water and also in occurrence of inorganic salts(naCl,na2 SO4 and na3 PO4) over the temperature range of 303.15-323.15 K with an interval of 5 *** all cases,two critical micelle concentrations(c^*) were achieved for the CMT-surfactant *** of CMT drug to CTAB solution decreases the values of c^* which indicates the interaction between CMT and *** values of c^* for CMT-CTAB mixture in the presence of salts are lower in magnitude compared to the aqueous medium which indicates that micellization of the CMT-CTAB mixed system is favorable in salt *** values of △Gm^0 were obtained to be negative indicating the spontaneity of the micellization process and the extent of spontaneity further increases by means of rising *** obtained outcomes from the ΔHm^0 and ΔSm^0 values disclose that the interactions between CMT and CTAB are mostly electrostatic along with hydrophobic in *** thermodynamic parameters of transfer and enthalpy-entropy compensation phenomenon were also determined and discussed in detail.

关键词： Cefixime trihydrate CTAB Critical micelle concentration Compensation temperature Free energy of transfer

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Ensemble Machine Learning Based Identification of Pediatric Epilepsy

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 149-165页

作者： Shamsah Majed Alotaibi Atta-ur-Rahman mohammed Imran Basheer Muhammad Adnan Khan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Riphah School of Computing&InnovationRiphah International UniversityLahorePakistan

Epilepsy is a type of brain disorder that causes recurrent *** is the second most common neurological disease after Alzheimer’*** effects of epilepsy in children are serious,since it causes a slower growth rate and a failure to develop certain *** the medical field,specialists record brain activity using an Electroencephalogram(EEG)to observe the epileptic *** detection of these seizures is performed by specialists,but the results might not be accurate due to human errors;therefore,automated detection of epileptic pediatric seizures might be the optimal *** paper investigates the detection of epileptic seizures by applying supervised machine learning *** techniques applied on the data of patients with ages seven years and below from children’s hospital boston massachusetts institute of technology(CHB-MIT)scalp EEG database of epileptic pediatric signals.A group of naïve Bayes(NB),Support vector machine(SVM),Logistic regression(LR),k-nearest neighbor(KNN),Linear discernment(LD),Decision tree(DT),and ensemble learning methods were applied to the classification *** results demonstrated the outperformance of the present study by achieving 100%for all parameters using the Ensemble learning model in contrast to state-of-the-art studies in the ***,the SVM model achieved performance with 98.3%for sensitivity,97.7%for specificity,and 98%for *** results of the LD and LR models reveal the lower performance i.e.,the sensitivity at 66.9%–68.9%,specificity at 73.5%–77.1%,and accuracy at 70.2%–73%.

关键词： Pediatric epilepsy ensemble learning machine learning SVM EEG data

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Corrosion resistance and thermal stability of sputtered Fe44Al34Ti7N15 and Al61Ti11N28 thin films for prospective application in oil and gas industry

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2021年第5期31卷 688-697页

作者： Mahbub Alam Maruf Syed Muhammad Mujtaba Rizvi mohammed Noor-A-Alam Donghyun Shin Waseem Haider Ishraq Shabib School of Engineering and Technology Central Michigan University Mechanical Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Columbus

Fe-and Al-based thin-film metallic glass coatings(Fe44Al34Ti7N15and Al61Ti11N28) were fabricated using magnetron co-sputtering technique, and their corrosion performances compared against wrought 316 L stainless steel. The results of GI-XRD and XPS analyses demonstrated amorphous structure and oxide layer formation on the surface of the fabricated thin films, respectively. The potentiodynamic(PD) polarization test in chloridethiosulfate(NH4Cl + na2S2O3) solution revealed lower corrosion current(Icorr)(0.42 ± 0.02 μA/cm~2 and0.086 ± 0.001 μA/cm~2 Vs. 0.76 ± 0.05 μA/cm~2), lower passivation current(Ipass)(1.45 ± 0.03 μA/cm~2 and1.83 ± 0.07 μA/cm~2 Vs. 1.98 ± 0.04 μA/cm~2), and approximately six-fold higher breakdown potential(Ebd) for Fe-and Al-based coatings than those of wrought 316 L stainless steel. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS) of both films showed 4-and 2-fold higher charge transfer resistance(Rct), 7-and 2.5-times higher film resistance(Rf), lower film capacitance values(Qf)(10 ± 2.4 μS-sacm-2, and 5.41 ± 0.8 μS-sacm-2Vs. 18 ± 2.21 μSsacm-2), and lower double-layer capacitance values(Qdl)(31.33 ± 4.74 μS-sacm-2, and 15.3 ± 0.48 μS-sacm-2Vs.43 ± 4.23 μS-sacm-2), indicating higher corrosion resistance of the thin films. Cyclic Voltammetry(CV) scan exhibited that the passive films formed on the Fe-and Al-based coatings were more stable and less prone to pitting corrosion than the wrought 316 L stainless steel. The surface morphology of both films via SEM endorsed the CV scan results, showing better resistance to pitting corrosion. Furthermore, the thermal analysis via TGA and DSC revealed the excellent thermal stability of the thin films over a wide temperature range typically observed in oilgas industries.

关键词： Thin films Metallic glasses X-ray diffraction Photoelectron spectroscopy Corrosion Thermal analysis

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Effect of different additives on the phase separation behavior and thermodynamics of p-tert-alkylphenoxy poly (oxyethylene) ether in absence and presence of drug

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第5期26卷 1110-1118页

作者： Marzia Rahman Md. Anamul Hoque mohammed Abdullah Khan Malik Abdul Rub Abdullah M. Asiri Department of Chemistry Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

Cloud point （CP） determinations of 4-（1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl）phenyl-polyethylene glycol （TX-100 （nonionic surfactant）） was carried out in aqueous as well as in the attendance of drug （ceftriaxone sodium trihydrate （CFT））/（CFT ＋ different inorganic salts） and discussed thoroughly. Nonionic surfactants are employed exten- sively in different formulations. In aqueous solution, the values of CP of TX-100 are obtained to increase by means of enhancing of their concentration in the solution. The CP values of TX-100 solutions were found to de- crease in the presence of drug and their values decrease more with rising concentrations of the drug. The values of CP of CFT and TX-100 mixtures were found to further decrease in the attendance of inorganic salts in compar- ison to their absence. The effect of different sodium salts in decreasing CP values of TX-100 was achieved in the following order： naCO3 〉 na2SO4 〉 naCl. However, in the case of potassium and ammonium salts, the decreasing order obtained is K2SO4 〉 KCO3 〉 KCI and （NH4）2SO4 〉 na2CO3 〉 NH4Cl respectively. Various thermodynamic pa- rameters for example standard free energy （△G c）, standard enthalpy （△H c） as well as standard entropy （△S c） changes of phase separation were also evaluated and discussed in detail on the basis of their behavior.

关键词： Cloud point TX-100 Ceftriaxone sodium trihydrate Inorganic salts Thermodynamic parameters

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A comprehensive review of pre-lithiation/sodiation additives for Li-ion and na-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第1期76卷 479-494,I0012页

作者： Pranav Kulkarni Hyunyoung Jung Debasis Ghosh mohammed Jalalah Mabkhoot Alsaiari Farid A.Harraz R.Geetha Balakrishna Centre for nano and Material Sciences Jain Global CampusJain UniversityKanakapuraBangalore 562112KarnatakaIndia Department of Energy Engineering Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju-siCyeongnam 52725South Korea Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices(PCSED) Advanced Materials and Nano-Research CentreNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia Empty Quarter Unit Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science and Arts at SharurahNajran UniversityNajran 11001Saudi Arabia nanomaterials and nanotechnology Department Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI)HelwanCairo 11421Egypt

Lithium/Sodium-ion batteries(LIB/SIB)have attracted enormous attention as a promising electrochemical energy storage system due to their high energy density and long cycle *** of the major hurdles is the initial irreversible capacity loss during the first few cycles owing to forming the solid electrolyte interphase layer(SEI).This process consumes a profusion of lithium/sodium,which reduces the overall energy density and cycle ***,a suitable approach to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss must be developed to improve the energy density and cycle ***-lithiation/sodiation is a widely accepted process to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss during the initial *** strategies such as physical,chemical,and electrochemical pre-lithiation/sodiation have been explored;however,these approaches add an extra step to the current manufacturing *** to these strategies,pre-lithiation/sodiation additives have attracted enormous attention due to their easy adaptability and compatibility with the current battery manufacturing *** this review,we consolidate recent developments and emphasize the importance of using pre-lithiation/sodiation additives(anode and cathode)to overcome the irreversible capacity loss during the initial cycles in lithium/sodium-ion *** review also addresses the technical and scientific challenges of using pre-lithiation/sodiation additives and offers the insights to boost the energy density and cycle life with their possible commercial *** most important prerequisites for designing effective pre-lithiation/sodiation additives have been explored and the future directions have been discussed.

关键词： Pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Solid electrolyte interphase Anode pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Cathode pre-lithiation/sodiation additives Coulombic efficiency

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Predicting the Type of Crime: Intelligence Gathering and Crime Analysis

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2317-2341页

作者： Saleh Albahli Anadil Alsaqabi Fatimah Aldhubayi Hafiz Tayyab Rauf Muhammad Arif Mazin Abed mohammed Department of Information Technology College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of GujratGujratPakistan School of Computer Science Guanzghou UniversityGuangzhou510006China College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of AnbarRamadiIraq

Crimes are expected to rise with an increase in population and the rising gap between society’s income *** contribute to a significant portion of the socioeconomic loss to any society,not only through its indirect damage to the social fabric and peace but also the more direct negative impacts on the economy,social parameters,and reputation of a *** and other preventive resources are limited and have to be *** conventional methods are being superseded by more modern approaches of machine learning algorithms capable of making predictions where the relationships between the features and the outcomes are *** it possible for such algorithms to provide indicators of specific areas that may become criminal *** predictions can be used by policymakers and police personals alike to make effective and informed strategies that can curtail criminal activities and contribute to the nation’s *** paper aims to predict factors that most affected crimes in Saudi Arabia by developing a machine learning model to predict an acceptable output *** results show that FAMD as features selection methods showed more accuracy on machine learning classifiers than the PCA *** naïve Bayes classifier performs better than other classifiers on both features selections methods with an accuracy of 97.53%for FAMD,and PCA equals to 97.10%.

关键词： Prediction machine learning crime prevention naïve bayes crime prediction classification algorithms

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