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Quantifcation and correlates of tuberculosis stigma along the tuberculosis testing and treatment cascades in south Africa: a cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 126-127页

作者： Dana Bresenham aaron M.Kipp Andrew Medina‑Marino Research Unit Foundation for Professional Development10 Rochester RdVincentEast LondonSouth Africa. Department of Public Health East Carolina Univer‑sity115 Heart DriveSte#2219GreenvilleNC 27858‑4353USA.

Background:south Africa has one of the world’s worst tuberculosis(TB)(520 per 100000 population)and TB-human immunodefciency virus(HIV)epidemics(~56%TB/HIV co-infected).While individual-and system-level factors infuencing progression along the TB cascade have been identifed,the impact of stigma is underexplored and *** conducted an exploratory study to 1)describe diferences in perceived community-level TB stigma among community members,TB presumptives,and TB patients,and 2)identify factors associated with TB stigma levels among these ***:A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2017 at public health care facilities in Bufalo City Metro(BCM)and Zululand health districts,south *** members,TB presumptives,and TB patients were *** were collected on sociodemographic characteristics,TB knowledge,health and clinical history,social support,and both HIV and TB stigma.A validated scale assessing perceived community TB stigma was *** and multivariate linear regression models were used to describe diferences in perceived community TB stigma by participant type and to identify factors associated with TB ***:We enrolled 397 *** a scale of zero to 24,the mean stigma score for TB presumptives(14.7±4.4)was statistically higher than community members(13.6±4.8)and TB patients(13.3±5.1).Community members from Zululand(β=5.73;95%CI 2.19,9.72)had higher TB stigma compared to those from *** having TB(β=−2.19;95%CI−4.37,0.0064)was associated with reduced TB stigma among community *** the relationship between HIV and TB disease(β=2.48;95%CI 0.020,4.94),and having low social support(β=−0.077;95%CI−0.14,0.010)were associated with increased TB stigma among TB *** TB Patients,identifying as Black African(β=−2.90;95%CI−4.74,−1.04)and knowing the correct causes of TB(β=−2.93;95%CI−4.92,−0.94)were associated with decreased TB stigma,while understanding the rela

关键词： Tuberculosis stigma Tuberculosis patient Tuberculosis presumptive Tuberculosis cascade south africa

Numerical study of solid Iron Carburization in a Carbon Monoxide Atmosphere

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2013年第9期3卷 582-585页

作者： Miguel Angel Barron Meza G. Plascencia aaron Almaraz Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Av. San Pablo 180 Col. Reynosa-TamaulipasMexico D.F. 02200 Mexico CIITEC-IPN Cerrada Cecati s/n Col. Sta. Catarina Mexico D.F. 02250 Mexico

Influence of light pattern thickness on the manipulation of dielectric microparticles by optoelectronic tweezers

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Photonics Research 2022年第2期10卷 550-556页

作者： shuailong Zhang Mohamed Elsayed Ran Peng Yujie Chen Yanfeng Zhang steven L.Neale aaron R.Wheeler school of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G9Canada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E1Canada Department of Marine Engineering Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China state Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China James Watt school of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK

Optoelectronic tweezer(OET) is a useful optical micromanipulation technology that has been demonstrated for various applications in electrical engineering and most notably cell selection for biomedical engineering. In this work, we studied the use of light patterns with different shapes and thicknesses to manipulate dielectric microparticles with OET. It was demonstrated that the maximum velocities of the microparticles increase to a peak and then gradually decrease as the light pattern’s thickness increases. Numerical simulations were run to clarify the underlying physical mechanisms, and it was found that the observed phenomenon is due to the co-influence of horizontal and vertical dielectrophoresis forces related to the light pattern’s thickness. Further experiments were run on light patterns with different shapes and objects with different sizes and structures. The experimental results indicate that the physical mechanism elucidated in this research is an important one that applies to different light pattern shapes and different objects, which is useful for enabling users to optimize OET settings for future micromanipulation applications.

关键词： pattern dielectric light

Long-term effects of PM_(2.5) components on incident dementia in the northeastern United states

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 95-102页

作者： Jing Li Yifan Wang Kyle steenland Pengfei Liu aaron van Donkelaar Randall V.Martin Howard H.Chang W.Michael Caudle Joel schwartz Petros Koutrakis Liuhua shi Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA school of Earth and Atmospheric sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Department of Energy Environmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington University at St.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA

Growing evidence has linked long-term fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure to neurological *** is known about the individual effects of PM_(2.5) components.A population-based cohort study investigated the association between long-term(1-year average)exposure to PM_(2.5) components and dementia incidence among the elderly population(age,R65 years)in the United states.

关键词： northeastern incident exposure

Tppp3~+synovial/tendon sheath progenitor cells contribute to heterotopic bone after trauma

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Bone Research 2023年第3期11卷 548-559页

作者： Ji-Hye Yea Mario Gomez-salazar sharon Onggo Zhao Li Neelima Thottappillil Masnsen Cherief stefano Negri Xin Xing Qizhi Qin Robert Joel Tower Chen-Ming Fan Benjamin Levi aaron W.James Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Orthopaedic and Trauma surgery Unit Department of SurgeryDentistryPaediatrics and Gynaecology of the University of VeronaVeronaItaly Center for Organogenesis and Trauma Department of SurgeryUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTXUSA Carnegie Institution for science BaltimoreMDUSA

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a pathological process resulting in aberrant bone formation and often involves synovial lined *** this process,mesenchymal progenitor cells undergo endochondral ***,the specific cell phenotypes and mechanisms driving this process are not well understood,in part due to the high degree of heterogeneity of the progenitor cells ***,using a combination of lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing(sc RNA-seq),we investigated the extent to which synovial/tendon sheath progenitor cells contribute to heterotopic bone *** this purpose,Tppp3(tubulin polymerization-promoting protein family member 3)-inducible reporter mice were used in combination with either scx(scleraxis)or Pdgfra(platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha)reporter *** tendon injury-and arthroplasty-induced mouse experimental HO models were *** RNA-seq of tendon-associated traumatic HO suggested that Tppp3 is an early progenitor cell marker for either tendon or osteochondral *** HO induction,Tppp3 reporter^(+)cells expanded in number and partially contributed to cartilage and bone formation in either tendon-or joint-associated *** double reporter animals,both Pdgfra^(+)Tppp3^(+)and Pdgfra^(+)Tppp3^(-) progenitor cells gave rise to HO-associated ***,analysis of human samples showed a substantial population of TPPP3^(-) expressing cells overlapping with osteogenic markers in areas of heterotopic ***,these data demonstrate that synovial/tendon sheath progenitor cells undergo aberrant osteochondral differentiation and contribute to HO after trauma.

关键词： progenitor tendon reporter

Agronomic Practices and Macronutrients status of Different Age Groups of smallholder Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Plantations in Dibombari sub-Division, Cameroon

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Agricultural sciences 2023年第10期14卷 1444-1464页

作者： James M. Kundu Godswill A. Asongwe Lawrence M. Ndam David T. Agbor aaron s. Tening Raymond N. Nkongho Department of Agronomic and Applied Molecular sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Environmental science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of soil science and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture Ondokuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey Department of Food science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon

Oil palm is cultivated by agro-industries and smallholders for vegetable oil production. Good farm management practices with balanced soil and plant macronutrients are needed to attain optimum yields. smallholder oil palm farmers of Dibombari sub-Division, Cameroon, suffer from low on farm yields which could emanate from the agronomic practices implemented, which also has an influence on the soil and plant macronutrient status. This study provides information on the agronomic practices, soil and plant macronutrients status in smallholder oil palm fields. structured questionnaires were administered to 200 farmers to collect data on their agronomic practices, using a stratified random sampling design. soil and plants were sampled from plantations of different age groups (control, >0 - 4 years, >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations) in four locations of the sub-Division (i.e. Dibombari-central, Bonamateke, Bomono and Nkapa) using a randomized complete block design. Data collected, was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that 65% of farmers planted Tenera variety, with majority of them below the standards for weeding (81%), fertilizer use (100%), pruning (62%), pest/disease control (90.5%) and harvesting (96%) practices. soil macronutrients were low across the different plantations except P which was optimal at >0 - 4 years and >4 - 8 years’ plantations but low at >8 - 15 years’ plantation. similarly, for plant macronutrients, N and P were optimal across the different plantations, while K and Mg were optimal at >0 - 4 years’ plantation but low at >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations. Thus, agronomic practices and macronutrient status of soil and plants were below standards in smallholder oil palm plantations of Dibombari, leading to low yields of fresh fruit bunches.

关键词： smallholders Oil Palm Plantations Agronomic Practices soil and Plant Macronutrients

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即将到来的健康危机

生物技术世界 2011年第2期8卷 28-33页

作者： samuel s.Myers aaron Bernstein 杜方舟哈佛医学院哈佛大学环境中心 Mount Auburn医院国际环境和健康中心波士顿儿童医院

人类的活动正在毁坏地球的气候，而越来越多的温室气体排放加速了对气候的破坏。（参见下文“正在改变的气候”文本框）环境的变化对健康的影响有时很直接：温度的上升、水循环的改变、地表臭氧含量上升、花粉的扩散都会增加人们在高温... 详细信息

人类的活动正在毁坏地球的气候，而越来越多的温室气体排放加速了对气候的破坏。（参见下文“正在改变的气候”文本框）环境的变化对健康的影响有时很直接：温度的上升、水循环的改变、地表臭氧含量上升、花粉的扩散都会增加人们在高温中的暴露程度，

关键词：健康温室气体排放气候文本框水循环氧含量上升地球

Gene variants of the phosphatidylcholine synthesis pathway do not contribute to RDs in the Chinese population

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第1期14卷 52-56页

作者： Yu-Jun Chen Julia Meyer Jennifer A.Wambach Kelcey DePass Daniel J.Wegner Xin Fan Qun-Yuan Zhang Heins Hillary F.sessions Cole aaron Hamvas Neonatology the First Affliated Hospital of GuangxiMedical UniversityNanningChina Division of Newborn Medicine Edward MallinckrodtDepartment of PediatricsWashington University Schoolof MedicineSt.LouisUSA

Background To determine population-based prevalence and disease contribution of phosphatidylcholine synthetic pathway-associated gene variants in a native southern Chinese cohort. Methods We used bloodspots from 2010 that were obtained from the Guangxi Neonatal screening Center in Nannning China and included the Han (n = 443) and Zhuang (n = 313) ethnic groups. We sequenced the exons of cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase (PCYT1B) lysophospholipid acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1), and cholinephosphotransferase (CHPT1) genes, and analyzed both rare and common exonic variants. Results We obtained five mutations (G199D, A299V, G434C, Y490C, L312s) with eight alleles in the three candidate genes. The collapsed minor allele frequency for candidate genes was not significantly different between the Han and Zhuang popula-tions (0.0045 vs. 0.0064, respectively,P = 0.725). The combined Han and Zhuang pool collapsed carrier frequency of rare mutation allele was found to be 1.06%, which is much higher than previously reported for the Missouri population (0.1%). Further, we detected six exonic common variants (three in LPCAT1 and three in CHPT1), with three non-synonymous vari-ants (F162s, F341L, M427K) among them. Two of the non-synonymous exonic variants (F341L, M427K) were not found in CHB;F341L was also not previously reported in exome sequencing project. Conclusions The population-based frequency of mutations in the phosphatidylcholine synthesis pathway-associated genes PCYT1B LPCAT1,CHPT1 is low in southern Chinese newborns and there is no evidence of contribution to population-based disease burden of respiratory distress syndrome. As a population-based study of rare mutations and common variants, this work is valuable in directing future research.

关键词： Genetic epidemiology Human population genetics Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Pulmonary surfactant

沥青路面JTJ014与AAsHTO设计方法比较

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中南公路工程 2004年第4期29卷 14-19页

作者：曾梦澜刘涛 aaron D.Mwanza 湖南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410082

现行JTJ014规范与AAsHTO指南两种沥青路面结构设计方法是不同的体系,对两者作一定量的比较。分析和讨论表明,虽然两种结构设计方法有重要区别,但结果高度相关,区别主要体现在可靠度上。在标准排水条件下,JTJ014规范定值设计大体与AAsHT... 详细信息

现行JTJ014规范与AAsHTO指南两种沥青路面结构设计方法是不同的体系,对两者作一定量的比较。分析和讨论表明,虽然两种结构设计方法有重要区别,但结果高度相关,区别主要体现在可靠度上。在标准排水条件下,JTJ014规范定值设计大体与AAsHTO指南标准差s0=0.50、可靠度水平R=90%的结果相当;对于高速、一级公路,这个水平偏低,而对于三、四级公路可能不必要。可靠度的要求可以近似地用BZZ—100累计作用次数的倍数表达;如果需要,可以采用放大或缩小设计累计轴次的方式考虑可靠度作为过渡措施。可靠度可以在很大程度上影响路面的设计结果;研究开发反映实际情况的沥青路面可靠度标准,应当可以提到议事日程。

关键词：沥青路面设计方法 JTJ014规范 AAsHTO指南可靠度