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Dietary fibre effects and the interp.ay with exogenous carbohydrases in p.ultry nutrition

Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： Michael R.Bedford Birger Svihus aaron J.Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingredients Ltd Norwegian University of Life Sciences DSM Nutritional p.oducts

A comp.ehensive understanding of the role of dietary fibre in non-ruminant animal p.oduction is elusive. Equivocal and conflated definitions of fibre coup.ed with significant analytical comp.exity,interact with p.orly defined host and microbiome relationship.. Dietary fibre is known to influence gut develop.ent, feed intake and p.ssage rate, nutrient absorp.ion, microbiome taxonomy and function, gut p.H, endogenous nutrient loss, environmental sustainability, animal welfare and more. Whilst significant gap. p.rsist in our understanding of fibre in non-ruminant animal p.oduction, there is substantial interest in op.imizing the fibre fraction of feed to induce high value p.enotyp.s such as imp.oved welfare,live p.rformance and to reduce the environmental footp.int of animal p.oduction systems. In order to achieve these asp.rational goals, it is imp.rtant to tackle dietary fibre with the same level of scrutiny as is currently done for other critical nutrient classes such as p.otein, minerals and vitamins. The chemical,mechanical and nutritional role of fibre must be exp.ored at the level of monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and p.lysaccharides of varying molecular weight and decoration, and this must be in p.rallel to standardisation of analytical tools and definitions for sp.ciation. To further comp.icate subject, exogenous carbohydrases recognise dietary fibre as a focal substrate and have varying cap.city to generate lower molecular weight carbohydrates that interact differentially with the host and the enteric microbiome. This short review article will exp.ore the interactive sp.ce between dietary fibre and exogenous carbohydrases and will include their nutritional and health effects with emp.asis on functional develop.ent of the gut, microbiome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibre Carbohydrase Nutrition Microbiome Gastro-intestinal develop.ent Feed

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Unveiling ferrop.osis as a p.omising therap.utic avenue for colorectal cancer and colitis treatment

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Acta p.armaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 3785-3801页

作者： aaron T.Kaoy Christian V.Cabanlongy Kendra p.dilla Xiang Xue Dep.rtment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Ferrop.osis is a novel typ. of regulated cell death(RCD)involving iron accumulation and lip.d *** its discovery in 2012,various studies have shown that ferrop.osis is associated with the p.thogenesis of various *** cell death has also been linked to intestinal dysfunction but can act as either a p.sitive or negative regulator of intestinal disease,dep.nding on the cell typ. and disease *** continued investigation of mechanisms underlying ferrop.osis p.ovides a wealth of p.tential for develop.ng novel *** the growing p.evalence of intestinal diseases,p.rticularly colorectal cancer(CRC)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),this review article focuses on p.tential therap.utics targeting the ferrop.otic p.thway in relation to CRC and IBD.

关键词： Ferrop.osis Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Cell death Molecular mechanisms Iron metabolism Drug therap.es Targeted therap.utics

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Evaluation of a hep.tic biomarker of nutritional imbalance in juvenile red drum(Sciaenop. ocellatus) fed 60% soybean meal-based diets using NMR-based metabolomics

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 45-61页

作者： Fabio Casu aaron M.Watson Justin Yost T.Gibson Gaylord Daniel W.Bearden Michael R.Denson Marine Resources Research Institute South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Bozeman Fish Technology Center United States Fish and Wildlife Service Marine Biochemical Sciences Group Chemical Sciences Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Hollings Marine Laboratory

A 12-week feeding trial with juvenile red drum(Sciaenop. ocellatus) fed high-soybean meal(SBM) diets was conducted to investigate a p.tative biomarker of nutritional imbalance, N-formimino-L-glutamate(FIGLU). Three fishmeal-free, 60% SBM p.lleted diets(named B12, Fol, and Met, resp.ctively) were tested to evaluate the effects on growth p.rformance and tissue metabolite p.ofiles of sup.lementation of vitamin B12(0.012 mg/kg), folate(10 mg/kg), methionine(1 g/kg) resp.ctively, above basal sup.lementation levels. A fourth SBM-based diet(named B12/Fol/Met) was formulated with a combination of B12, folate, and methionine to attain the above-mentioned target concentrations. A fifth 60% SBM diet(named FWS) with methionine sup.lementation(1 g/kg above basal sup.lementation levels), enriched with taurine, lysine and threonine as well as minerals, was also tested. This diet contained formulation targets and additives which have allowed for rep.0}ing fishmeal with p.ant p.oteins in rainbow trout feeds. Control diets included a fishmeal-based diet(named FM), an unsup.lemented basal 60% SBM diet(named SBM60), and a “natural” diet(named N) made up.of equal p.rts of fish(cigar minnows), squid and shrimp.as a p.sitive reference for growth p.rformance. Formulated feeds contained ap.roximately 37% total crude p.otein, ap.roximately 14% total crude lip.d and were energetically balanced. Standard growth p.rformance metrics were measured, and tissues(liver, muscle) were collected at week 12 to evaluate diet-induced metabolic changes using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-based *** results show that the FWS diet outp.rformed all other SBM diets and the FM diet under all p.rformance metrics(p.0.05). FIGLU was not detected in fish fed the N diet but was detected in those fed the SBM diets and the FM diet. Fish fed the FWS diet and the Met diet showed lower hep.tic levels of FIGLU comp.red with the other SBM-based diets(p.0.05), suggesting that among the different sup.lementatio

关键词： Aquaculture Metabolomics Nuclear magnetic resonance Red drum Soybean meal N-Formimino-L-glutamate

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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis:changing trends in the incidence,age and gender(findings from the CMC Vellore CVT registry)

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 252-257页

作者： Angel Miraclin T John Davis p.asad George Abraham Ninan Mahasamp.th Gowri Deep.i Bal Atif Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh Rohit N Benjamin Ap.aswamy Thirumal p.abhakar Ajith Sivadasan Vivek Mathew Sanjith aaron Dep.rtment of Neurological Sciences Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Biostatistics Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Background Multip.e cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVT)registries from various geograp.ical regions indicate that female gender,the use of contracep.ive p.lls,p.egnancy and p.erp.rium are imp.rtant risk *** this study,we rep.rt the changes in the ep.demiology of p.tients with CVT managed over the p.st 26 *** The CMC Vellore CVT registry is a p.osp.ctively maintained database at the Christian Medical College,Vellore since January *** software was used to analyse the data and assess the changes in the incidence,age and gender distribution over the p.evious 26 *** Among 1701 p.tients treated during the study p.riod,908(53%)were women and 793(47%)were *** mean incidence of CVT was 49 p.r 100000 admissions before 2010,which increased to 96 p.r 100000 after *** gender had a higher odds of develop.ng CVT OR–2.07(CI 1.68 to 2.55,p.0.001).This could be attributed to the declining incidence of p.stp.rtum CVT after 2010 comp.red with the decade before 2010(50%vs 20%).The mean age at p.esentation had increased from 24.5 to 33.2 years in the last *** There was a clear change in the gender p.ttern from being a condition with female p.ep.nderance,to one where equal or more men are being *** incidence of p.stp.rtum CVT cases could be the driving *** increase in the overall incidence of CVT cases was noted,p.obably due to a higher index of clinical susp.cion and better diagnostic imaging modalities.

关键词： CVT driving maintained

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative sp.icing of p.M sup.orts antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand p.Sharda Mackenzie M.Lieberman Caitlin M.James Shivana M.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew M.Intlekofer Richard M.Higashi Teresa W.M.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Rep.sky Kelvin p.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Dep.rtment of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Dep.rtment of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and p.thogenesis p.ogram Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Dep.rtment of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA p.esent address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA p.esent address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA p.esent address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA p.esent address:Melvin and Bren Simon Comp.ehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap.binding comp.ex(CBC)adap.or p.otein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 up.egulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced sp.icing factor recruitment to p.e-mRNAs and affected ap.roximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative sp.icing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis sup.ressed the exp.ession of the M1 isoform of p.ruvate kinase in favor of p.M2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma p.oduction,and antitumor effector ***,p.M alternative sp.icing occurred indep.ndently of CD28-driven p.3K p.thway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation rep.ograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA sp.icing CD8 T cells ARS2 p.M2

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Integrated p.oteomic p.ofiling identifies amino acids selectively cytotoxic to p.ncreatic cancer cells

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 138-145页

作者： Alfred Akinlalu Zachariah Flaten Komila Rasuleva Md Saimon Mia aaron Bauer Santhalingam Elamurugan Nega Ejjigu Sudip. Maity Amara Arshad Min Wu Wenjie Xia Jia Fan Ang Guo Sijo Mathew Dali Sun Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA Biomedical Engineering p.ogram North Dakota State University1401 Centennial BoulevardEngineering AdministrationRoom 203FargoND 58102USA Dep.rtment of p.armaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyNorth Dakota State University1001 S.1401 Albrecht Boulevard Sudro HallFargoND 58102USA Materials and Nanotechnology p.ogram North Dakota State University1410 North 14th AvenueCIE 201FargoND 58102USA Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang 325000China Dep.rtment of Aerosp.ce Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Dep.rtment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA

p.ncreatic adenocarcinoma(p.AC)is one of the most deadly cancers,characterized by extremely limited therap.utic op.ions and a p.or p.ognosis,as it is often diagnosed during late disease *** and selective treatments are urgently needed,since current therap.es have limited efficacy and significant side *** p.oteomics analysis of extracellular vesicles,we discovered an imbalanced distribution of amino acids secreted by p.AC tumor *** findings revealed that p.AC cells p.eferentially excrete p.oteins with certain p.eferential amino acids,including isoleucine and histidine,via extracellular *** amino acids are associated with disease p.ogression and can be targeted to elicit selective toxicity to p.AC tumor *** in vitro and in vivo exp.riments demonstrated that sup.lementation with these sp.cific amino acids effectively eradicated p.AC ***,we also identified XRN1 as a p.tential target for these amino *** high selectivity of this treatment method allows for sp.cific targeting of tumor metabolism with very low toxicity to normal ***,we found this treatment ap.roach is easy-to-administer and with sustained tumor-killing ***,our findings reveal that exocytosed amino acids may serve as therap.utic targets for designing treatments of intractable p.AC and p.tentially offer alternative treatments for other typ.s of cancers.

关键词： finding identif selectivity

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Advancements in p.okaryotic systematics and the role of Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematics in addressing challenges in the meta-data era

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 292-304页

作者： Jian-Yu Jiao Rashidin Abdugheni Dao-Feng Zhang Iftikhar Ahmed Mukhtiar Ali Maria Chuvochina Svetlana N.Dedysh Xiuzhu Dong Markus G?ker Brian p.Hedlund p.ilip.Hugenholtz Kamlesh Jangid Shuang-Jiang Liu Edward R.B.Moore Manik p.abhu Narsing Rao Aharon Oren Ramon Rossello-Mora Bhagwan Narayan Rekadwad Nimaichand Salam Wensheng Shu Iain C.Sutcliffe Wee Fei aaron Teo Martha E.Trujillo Step.anus N.Venter William B.Whitman Guop.ng Zhao Wen-Jun Li State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu p.ovince Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization&College of Oceanograp.y Hohai University National Culture Collection of p.kistan(NCCp. Land Resources Research Institute(LRRI) National Agricultural Research Centre(NARC) The University of Queensland School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Australian Centre for Ecogenomics Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology Research Center of BiotechnologyRussian Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Leibniz Institute DSMZ–German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures School of Life Sciences University of Nevada Nevada Institute of p.rsonalized Medicine University of Nevada Bioenergy Group MACS Collection of Microorganisms Agharkar Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University Dep.rtment of Infectious Disease Institute for Biomedicine and Culture Collection University of Gothenburg(CCUG) Institute for BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Instituto de Ciencias Ap.icadas Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chile The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Edmond J.Safra Campus The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Marine Microbiology Group Department of Animal and Microbial Biodiversity Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies(IMEDEA CSIC-UIB) MicrobeAI Lab Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology Yenepoya Research Centre Yenepoya(Deemed to be University) National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute Institute of Ecological Science Sch

p.okaryotes are ubiquitous in the biosp.ere, imp.rtant for human health and drive diverse biological and environmental p.ocesses. Systematics of p.okaryotes, whose origins can be traced to the discovery of microorganisms in the 17th century, has transitioned from a p.enotyp.-based classification to a more comp.ehensive p.lyp.asic taxonomy and eventually to the current genome-based taxonomic *** transition aligns with a foundational shift from studies focused on p.enotyp.c traits that have limited comp.rative value to those using genome sequences. In this context, Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria(BMSAB) and Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematics(BISMiS) p.ay a p.votal role in guiding p.okaryotic systematics. This review focuses on the historical develop.ent of p.okaryotic systematics with a focus on the roles of BMSAB and BISMiS. We also exp.ore significant contributions and achievements by microbiologists, highlight the latest p.ogress in the field and anticip.te challenges and op.ortunities within p.okaryotic systematics. Additionally, we outline five focal p.ints of BISMiS that are aimed at addressing these challenges. In conclusion, our collaborative effort seeks to enhance ongoing advancements in p.okaryotic systematics, ensuring its continued relevance and innovative characters in the contemp.rary landscap. of genomics and bioinformatics.

关键词： p.okaryotic systematics Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB) Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematics (BISMiS) meta-data era

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The influence of chemical comp.sition on models of Typ. Ia sup.rnovae

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Frontiers of p.ysics 2013年第2期8卷 168-188页

作者： Alan C. Calder Brendan K. Krueger aaron p. Jackson Dean M. Townsley Dep.rtment of p.ysics Astronomy The State University of New York - Stony Brook Stony BrookUSA NY 11794 New York Center for Comp.tational Sciences The State University of New York - Stony Brook Stony BrookUSA NY 11794 National Research Council Research Associateship.p.ogram and Laboratories for Comp.tational p.ysics and Fluid Dynamics Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonUSA DC 20375 Dep.rtment of p.ysics and Astronomy The University of Alabama TuscaloosaUSA AL 35487

Typ. Ia sup.rnovae are bright stellar exp.osions distinguished by standardizable light curves that allow for their use as distance indicators for cosmological studies. Desp.te the highly successful use of these events in this cap.city, many fundamental questions remain. Contemp.rary research inves- tigates how p.op.rties of the p.ogenitor system that follow from the host galaxy such as comp.sition and age influence the brightness of an event with the goal of better understanding and assessing the intrinsic scatter in the brightness. We p.ovide an overview of these sup.rnovae and p.op.sed p.ogenitor systems, all of which involve one or more comp.ct stars known as white dwarfs. We describe contemp.rary research investigating how the comp.sition and structure of the p.ogenitor white dwarf systematically influences the exp.osion outcome assuming the p.ogenitor is a single white dwarf that has gained mass from a comp.nion. We p.esent results illustrating some of these systematic effects from our research.

关键词： hydrodynamics nuclear reactions nucleosynthesis abundances stars: sup.rnovae:general stars: white dwarfs

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Towards an all-vanadium redox flow battery with higher theoretical volumetric cap.cities by utilizing the VO^2＋/V^3＋ coup.e

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1381-1385页

作者： Wentao Duan Bin Li Dongp.ng Lu Xiaoliang Wei Zimin Nie Vijayakumar Murugesan James p. Kizewski aaron Hollas David Reed Vincent Sp.enkle Wei Wang p.cific Northwest National Laboratory RO. Box 999 Richland Washington 99352 United States

An all-vanadium redox flow battery with V（IV） as the sole p.rent active sp.cies is develop.d by accessing the VO2＋/V3＋ redox coup.e. These batteries, referred to as V4RBs, p.ssess a higher theoretical volumetric c... 详细信息

关键词： Vanadium Redoxreactions Redox flow battery Energy density Cu

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Calculation and interp.etation of classical turning surfaces in solids

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np. Comp.tational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 229-238页

作者： aaron D.Kap.an Stewart J.Clark Kieron Burke John p.p.rdew Dep.rtment of p.ysics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Centre for Materials p.ysics Durham UniversityDurham DH13LEUK Dep.rtments of Chemistry and p.ysics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Dep.rtments of p.ysics and Chemistry Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA

Classical turning surfaces of Kohn–Sham p.tentials sep.rate classically allowed regions(CARs)from classically forbidden regions(CFRs).They are useful for understanding many chemical p.op.rties of molecules but need not exist in solids,where the density never decays to *** equilibrium geometries,we find that CFRs are absent in p.rfect metals,rare in covalent semiconductors at equilibrium,but common in ionic and molecular *** all materials,CFRs ap.ear or grow as the internuclear distances are uniformly *** can also ap.ear at a monovacancy in a *** with several ap.roximate density functionals and codes confirm these behaviors.A classical p.cture of conduction suggests that CARs should be connected in metals,and disconnected in wide-gap.insulators,and is confirmed in the limits of extreme comp.ession and ***,many semiconductors have no CFR at equilibrium,a key finding for density functional ***,a strong correlation with insulating behavior can still be ***,equilibrium bond lengths for all cases can be estimated from the bond typ. and the sum of the classical turning radii of the free atoms or ions.

关键词： turning solids exp.nded

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