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Suppressing tawny crazy ant (Nylanderia fulva) by RNAi technology

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 113-121页

作者： Jia meng Jiaxin Lei Andrew Davitt Jocelyn RHolt Jian Huang Roger Gold Edward L Vargo aaron mtarone Keyan Zhu-Salzman College of Plant Protection Fujian Agricultural and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Department of Entomology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA Institute for Plant Genomics&Biotechnology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA

A bstract The tawny crazy ant(Nylanderia fulva)is a new invasive pest in the United *** present,its management mainly relies on the use of synthetic insecticides,which are generally ineffective at producing lasting control of the pest,necessitating alternative environmentally friendly *** this study,we evaluated the feasibility of gene silencing to control this ant *** housekeeping genes encoding actin(NfActin),coatomer subunit β (NfCOPP),arginine kinase(NfArgK),and V-type proton ATPase subunits A(NfvATPaseA),B(NfvATPaseB)and E(NfvATPaseE)were *** analysis revealed high sequence similarity to homologs from other ant species,particularly the Florida carpenter ant(Camponotus floridanus).To silence these genes,vector L4440 was used to generate six specific RNAi constructs for bacterial ***-inactivated,dsRNA-expressing Escherichia coli were incorporated into artificial *** ants exhibited reduced endogenous gene expression after feeding on such diet for 9 ***,only ingestion of dsRNAs of NfCOPfi(a gene involved in protein trafficking)and NfArgK(a cellular energy reserve regulatory gene in invertebrates)caused modest but significantly higher ant mortality than the *** results suggest that bacterially expressed dsRNA can be orally delivered to ant cells as a mean to target its *** efficacy is necessary for the RNAi-based approach to be useful in tawny crazy ant management.

关键词： artificial diet gene silencing housekeeping gene Nylanderia fulva RNAi survival rate

Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEms:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 184-199页

作者： Sana Khan Rebecca Bartley Anne Kinsey-Henderson aaron Hawdon The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) Environment1 James Cook DrDouglas4814Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) EnvironmentGPO Box 2583BrisbaneQLD4001Australia

millions of dollars are being spent on gully rehabilitation to help reduce excess fine sediment delivery to the Great Barrier Reef(GBR).There is an urgent need for(i)prioritisation of active gullies for rehabilitation and(ii)the development of methodologies to inform the effectiveness of *** this study we analyse DEms of Difference derived from 0.5 m resolution 2-3 year interval multi-temporal LiDAR data collected pre and post rehabilitation at three variable gully morphologies in the Burdekin *** analysis indicates that the highest annual average fine sediment erosion rates for the untreated control gullies occur at the linear gully(53.38 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))followed by linear-alluvial gully(34.24 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))and least at the alluvial gully(14.41 t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).The proportional loss or export of fine sediment from the gullies in their un-treated condition ranges from∼68 to 90%of what is eroded,and when the gullies are treated the proportion of fine sediment that is retained in the gully proportional to what is eroded increases to∼60%at all *** pre-treatment baseline erosion rates,and additional post treatment LiDAR captures,it is difficult to quantify the treatment *** results offer insights in the erosion mechanisms within different geomorphic gully morphologies and rehabilitation effects in these erosional *** study provides crucial knowledge of gully dynamics that can be coupled with other lines of evidence for better prioritisation of rehabilitation in the GBR catchments.

关键词： Digital elevation models (dis)connectivity Restoration Geomorphic change detection Geomorphic effectiveness GIS

Evaluation of a hepatic biomarker of nutritional imbalance in juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed 60% soybean meal-based diets using NmR-based metabolomics

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 45-61页

作者： Fabio Casu aaron m.Watson Justin Yost T.Gibson Gaylord Daniel W.Bearden michael R.Denson marine Resources Research Institute South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Bozeman Fish Technology Center United States Fish and Wildlife Service marine Biochemical Sciences Group Chemical Sciences Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Hollings Marine Laboratory

A 12-week feeding trial with juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed high-soybean meal(SBm) diets was conducted to investigate a putative biomarker of nutritional imbalance, N-formimino-L-glutamate(FIGLU). Three fishmeal-free, 60% SBm pelleted diets(named B12, Fol, and met, respectively) were tested to evaluate the effects on growth performance and tissue metabolite profiles of supplementation of vitamin B12(0.012 mg/kg), folate(10 mg/kg), methionine(1 g/kg) respectively, above basal supplementation levels. A fourth SBm-based diet(named B12/Fol/met) was formulated with a combination of B12, folate, and methionine to attain the above-mentioned target concentrations. A fifth 60% SBm diet(named FWS) with methionine supplementation(1 g/kg above basal supplementation levels), enriched with taurine, lysine and threonine as well as minerals, was also tested. This diet contained formulation targets and additives which have allowed for replacing fishmeal with plant proteins in rainbow trout feeds. Control diets included a fishmeal-based diet(named Fm), an unsupplemented basal 60% SBm diet(named SBm60), and a “natural” diet(named N) made up of equal parts of fish(cigar minnows), squid and shrimp as a positive reference for growth performance. Formulated feeds contained approximately 37% total crude protein, approximately 14% total crude lipid and were energetically balanced. Standard growth performance metrics were measured, and tissues(liver, muscle) were collected at week 12 to evaluate diet-induced metabolic changes using nuclear magnetic resonance(NmR)-based *** results show that the FWS diet outperformed all other SBm diets and the Fm diet under all performance metrics(Pm diets and the Fm diet. Fish fed the FWS diet and the met diet showed lower hepatic levels of FIGLU compared with the other SBm-based diets(Pmong the different supplementatio

关键词： Aquaculture metabolomics Nuclear magnetic resonance Red drum Soybean meal N-Formimino-L-glutamate

CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberman Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.Higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm2

毛瑟在中国:中正式的前身——m1924标准型步枪

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轻兵器 2024年第2期 36-39页

作者： aaron Zou 不详

受《凡尔赛条约》的限制,一战后的德国仅允许保留西姆森公司(Simson&Co)生产的军用步枪。同时,比利时和捷克斯洛伐克通过战争赔偿的形式获得了制造和出口毛瑟式步枪的权利,两国生产的毛瑟式步枪迅速占领了世界市场,毛瑟公司失去了原本... 详细信息

受《凡尔赛条约》的限制,一战后的德国仅允许保留西姆森公司(Simson&Co)生产的军用步枪。同时,比利时和捷克斯洛伐克通过战争赔偿的形式获得了制造和出口毛瑟式步枪的权利,两国生产的毛瑟式步枪迅速占领了世界市场,毛瑟公司失去了原本利润丰厚的收入。

关键词：毛瑟公司战争赔偿标准型捷克斯洛伐克世界市场步枪比利时

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Can a multistage approach improve individual tree mortality predictions across the complex mixed-species and managed forests of eastern North America?

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Cen Chen John Kershaw Jr aaron Weiskittel Elizabeth mcGarrigle Center for Research on Sustainable Forests University of MaineOronoME04469USA Faculty of Forestry&Environmental management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources HalifaxNSB3J 3M8Canada

Tree mortality plays a fundamental role in the dynamics of forest ecosystems,yet it is one of the most difficult phenomena to accurately *** modeling strategies have been developed to improve individual tree mortality *** less explored strategy is the use of a multistage modeling *** improvements from this approach have remained largely *** this study,we developed a novel multistage approach and compared its performance in individual tree mortality predictions with a more conventional approach using an identical individual tree mortality model *** permanent plot data(n=9442)covering the Acadian Region of North America and over multiple decades(1965–2014)were used in this *** results indicated that the model behavior with the multistage approach better depicted the observed mortality and showed a notable improvement over the conventional *** difference between the observed and predicted numbers of dead trees using the multistage approach was much smaller when compared with the conventional *** addition,tree survival probabilities predicted by the multistage approach generally were not significantly different from the observations,whereas the conventional approach consistently underestimated mortality across species and overestimated tree survival probabilities over the large range of DBH in the *** new multistage approach also predictions of zero mortality in individual plots,a result not possible in conventional ***,the new approach was more tolerant of modeling errors because it based estimates on ranked tree mortality rather than error-prone predicted ***,this new multistage approach deserves to be considered and tested in future studies.

关键词： Tree mortality modeling mortality disaggregation mixed effect model Annualization mixed forests

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Temporally resolving premixed turbulent flame structures using self-supervised adversarial reconstruction of CH-PLIF

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 51-62页

作者： Ji-Hun Oh aaron W.Skiba Stephen D.Hammack Constandinos m.mitsingas Campbell D.Carter Tonghun Lee Department of mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL61801United States U.S.Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433United States Army Research Lab Aberdeen Proving GroundMD21005United States

Understanding the turbulence-flame interaction is crucial to model the low-emission combustors developed for energy and propulsion applications. To this end, a novel frame interpolation (FI) method is proposed to better resolve the spatiotemporal evolution of premixed turbulent flame structures. The framework is completely selfsupervised, agnostic to optical flow, and driven by leveraging transferrable feature knowledge at lower speeds and adversarial learning to statistically map the flame dynamics across frames. The method is successfully applied on a 10 kHz CH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) dataset of highly wrinkled premixed flames with turbulent Reynolds numbers (ReT ) of 1100, 1400, and 7900, by down-sampling the image sequence to 5 kHz and restoring the sequence back to 10 kHz via FI. All reconstructions recovered important flame events and displayed excellent resemblance of the corrugated CH-layer geometries to that of the ground truths, with average intersection over union (IoU) and structural similarity index (SSIm) scores of 0.49 and 0.82, which are above the high-similarity baselines of 0.36 and 0.75, respectively. The wrinkling parameters (WP) of the flames also matched the ground truths, wherein R2 was roughly 0.95 for ReT = 1100 and 1400 and 0.85 for ReT = 7900 (lower due to the turbulence-induced uncertainties). The FI is further iteratively repeated to 40 kHz on the ReT = 7900 flames to facilitate pocket analysis by confidently linking their origin of formation, thus, enabling distinction from 3D tunnels, and improving statistical characterization of their consumption speeds. Given that the object features do not exhibit highly turbulent motions with regard to the initial time step, the proposed FI method is shown to be highly accurate and useful to analyzing finite-resolution experimental image sets including, but not restricted to, CH-PLIF.

关键词： Self-supervised frame interpolation Premixed turbulent flames Planar laser-induced fluorescence Generative adversarial networks Pocket behavior

The impact of salps(Salpa thompsoni) on the Antarctic krill population(Euphausia superba): an individual-based modelling study

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Ecological Processes 2023年第4期12卷 38-53页

作者： Bruno Walter Pietzsch aaron Schmidt Jürgen Groeneveld Dominik Bahlburg Bettina meyer Uta Berger Faculty of Environmental Sciences Institute of Forest Growth and Forest Computer Sciences Technische Universit?t Dresden Department of Ecological modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ Section Polar Biological Oceanography Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the marine Environment(ICBm) Carl-Von-Ossietzky University Helmholtz Institute for marine Functional Biodiversity(HIFmB)

Background Krill（Euphausia superba） and salps（Salpa thompsoni） are key macrozooplankton grazers in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. However, due to differing habitat requirements, both species previously exhibited little spatial overlap. With ongoing climate change-induced seawater temperature increase and regional sea ice loss, salps can now extend their spatial distribution into historically krill-dominated areas and increase rapidly due to asexual reproduction when environmental conditions are favorable. Understanding the potential effects on krill is crucial, since krill is a species of exceptional trophic significance in the Southern Ocean food web. Negative impacts on krill could trigger cascading effects on its predators and prey. To address this question, we combined two individual-based models on salps and krill, which describe the whole life cycle of salp individuals and the dynamic energy budget of individual krill. The resulting new model PEKRIS（PErformance of KRIll vs. Salps） simulates a krill population for 100 years under varying chlorophyll-a concentrations in the presence or absence of *** All of the investigated krill population properties（abundance, mean length, and yearly egg production） were significantly impacted by the presence of salps. On the other hand, salp density was not impacted if krill were present. The medians of krill population properties deviated during variable maximum chlorophyll-a density per year when salps were introduced by-99.9%（-234 individuals per 1000 m3） for krill density,-100%（-22,062 eggs per 1000 m3） for krill eggs and-0.9%（-0.3 mm） for mean length of *** If both species compete for the same food resource in a closed space, salps seem to inhibit krill populations. Further simulation studies should investigate whether this effect prevails if different phytoplankton sizes and consumption preferences of krill are implemented. Furthermore, direct predation of the two species or consumption of krill f

关键词： Euphausia superba Salpa thompsoni Individual-based model Food competition Population dynamics DEB theory

The role of estradiol in male reproductive function

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 435-440,I0009页

作者： michael Schulster aaron m Bernie Ranjith Ramasamy Department of Urology New York-Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA Department of Urology Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA.

Traditionally, testosterone and estrogen have been considered to be male and female sex hormones, respectively. However, estradiol, the predominant form of estrogen, also plays a critical role in male sexual function. Estradiol in men is essential for modulating libido, erectile function, and spermatogenesis. Estrogen receptors, as well as aromatase, the enzyme that converts testosterone to estrogen, are abundant in brain, penis, and testis, organs important for sexual function. In the brain, estradiol synthesis is increased in areas related to sexual arousal. In addition, in the penis, estrogen receptors are found throughout the corpus cavernosum with high concentration around neurovascular bundles. Low testosterone and elevated estrogen increase the incidence of erectile dysfunction independently of one another. In the testes, spermatogenesis is modulated at every level by estrogen, starting with the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, followed by the Leydig, Sertoli, and germ cells, and finishing with the ductal epithelium, epididymis, and mature sperm. Regulation of testicular cells by estradiol shows both an inhibitory and a stimulatory influence, indicating an intricate symphony of dose-dependent and temporally sensitive modulation. Our goal in this review is to elucidate the overall contribution of estradiol to male sexual function by looking at the hormone＇s effects on erectile function, spermatogenesis, and libido.

关键词： estrogen testosterone spermatogenesis erectile function estrogen receptor aromatase