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mechanisms and reusability potentials of zirconium-polyaziridine-engineered tiger nut residue towards anionic pollutants

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第8期60卷 275-292页

作者： Alexander Nti Kani Evans Dovi aaron Albert Aryee Runping Han Zhaohui Li Lingbo Qu College of Chemistry Green Catalysis CenterZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Access to fresh water,its availability,and its quality are a global challenge to humanity,largely due to human activities in the ***,global water security has been jeopardized,requiring urgent remediation to safeguard our very ***,a novel and facilely engineered zirconium and polyethylenimine adsorbent based on tiger nut residue (TNR) was prepared,and its adsorptive capabilities towards a model dyestuff and nutrient were invested through a batch adsorption *** developed adsorbent,zirconium-polyethylenimine-engineered tiger nut residue (TNR@PEI–Zr) was characterised by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to understand its morphology and surface chemistry and predict its adsorption ***@PEI–Zr had a p H point of zero charge (pH_(zpc)) of *** introduction of salts inhibited the removal efficiency of Alizarin red (AR) and phosphate (PO_(4)^(3–)) in the order of HCO_(3)^(-)>SO_(4)^(2–)>Cl^(-).Increasing temperatures (293–313 K) favoured the adsorption process at pH *** Langmuir model suited the adsorption processes of both AR and PO_(4)^(3–),implying homogenous and monolayer removal of pollutants with a maximal capacity of 537.8 mg·g^(-1)and 100.5 mg·g^(-1)at a dose of 0.01 g,*** rate-determining steps of AR and PO_(4)^(3–)followed a pseudo-secondorder kinetic model and were thermodynamically spontaneous with an increase in randomness at the solid-solution *** adsorbent’s recyclability was notable and outperformed most adsorbents in terms of removal ***@PEI–Zr was found to be stable,and its use in practical wastewater decontamination was effective,ecologically acceptable and free of secondary pollution problems.

关键词： Adsorption modified tiger nut residue Alizarin red Phosphate Leaching Regeneration

Dabigatran in cardiovascular disease management:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第12期13卷 710-719页

作者： Ayesha Javed muhammad Ajmal aaron Wolfson Department of Internal medicine University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719United States Department of Cardiology University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719United States Department of Cardiology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007United States

Dabigatran,a direct thrombin inhibitor,has robust data for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism,stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation,and the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism(VTE)after knee and hip *** studies have evaluated dabigatran to determine its safety and efficacy in such conditions as VTE in malignancy,coronary artery disease,mechanical and bioprosthetic valves,and antiphospholipid *** article provides a comprehensive review on the role of dabigatran in various cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Dabigatran Anticoagulation Thrombus Bleeding Atrial fibrillation Deep venous thrombosis Stroke

Calculation and interpretation of classical turning surfaces in solids

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npj Computational materials 2021年第1期7卷 229-238页

作者： aaron D.Kaplan Stewart J.Clark Kieron Burke John P.Perdew Department of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Centre for materials Physics Durham UniversityDurham DH13LEUK Departments of Chemistry and Physics University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Departments of Physics and Chemistry Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA

Classical turning surfaces of Kohn–Sham potentials separate classically allowed regions(CARs)from classically forbidden regions(CFRs).They are useful for understanding many chemical properties of molecules but need not exist in solids,where the density never decays to *** equilibrium geometries,we find that CFRs are absent in perfect metals,rare in covalent semiconductors at equilibrium,but common in ionic and molecular *** all materials,CFRs appear or grow as the internuclear distances are uniformly *** can also appear at a monovacancy in a *** with several approximate density functionals and codes confirm these behaviors.A classical picture of conduction suggests that CARs should be connected in metals,and disconnected in wide-gap insulators,and is confirmed in the limits of extreme compression and ***,many semiconductors have no CFR at equilibrium,a key finding for density functional ***,a strong correlation with insulating behavior can still be ***,equilibrium bond lengths for all cases can be estimated from the bond type and the sum of the classical turning radii of the free atoms or ions.

关键词： turning solids expanded

A comparison of three surface roughness characterization techniques:photogrammetry,pin profiler,and smartphone-based LiDAR

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2422-2439页

作者： Zohreh Alijani Julien meloche Alexander mcLaren John Lindsay Alexandre Roy aaron Berg Department of Geography Environment and GeomaticsUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada Département de Géomatique Appliquée Université de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Département des Sciences de l’Environment Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresTrois-RivièresCanada

Surface roughness plays an important role in microwave remote *** the agricultural domain,surface roughness is crucial for soil moisture retrieval methods that use electromagnetic surface scattering or microwave radiative transfer ***,improved characterization of Soil Surface Roughness(SSR)is of considerable *** this study,three approaches,including a standard pin profiler,a LiDAR point cloud generated from an iPhone 12 Pro,and a Structure from motion(Sfm)photogrammetric point cloud,were applied over 24 surface profiles with different roughness variations to measure surface *** objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of smartphone-based LiDAR technology to measure surface roughness parameters and compare the results of this technique with the more common *** showed that the iPhone LiDAR technology,when point cloud data is captured in a fine-resolution mode,has a significant correlation with Sfm photogrammetry(R2=0.70)and a relatively close agreement with pin profiler(R2=0.60).However,this accuracy tends to be greater for random surfaces and rough profiles with row structure *** results of this study confirm that smartphone-based LiDAR can be used as a cost-effective,fast,and time-efficient alternative tool for measuring surface roughness,especially for rough,wide,and inaccessible areas.

关键词： LiDAR surface roughness structure from motion iPhone pin profiler

Ectomycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungal Communities Vary Across mm-Scale Soil microsites Differing in Phosphatase Activity

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 344-359页

作者： aaron GODIN Denise BROOKS Sue J. GRAYSTON melanie D. JONES Biology Department University of British Columbia Okanagan campus Kelowna V1V 1V7 (Canada) Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 (Canada)

To understand nutrient cycling in soils, soil processes and microorganisms need be better characterized. To determine whether specific trophic groups of fungi are associated with soil enzyme activity, we used soil imprinting to guide mm-scale sampling from microsites with high and low phosphatase activities in birch/Douglas-fir stands. Study 1 involved sampling one root window per site at 12 sites of different ages(stands);study 2 was conducted at one of the stem-exclusion stands, at which 5 root windows had been installed. Total fungal and ectomycorrhizal(Em) fungal terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism(TRFLP)fingerprints differed between high-and low-phosphatase activity microsites at 8 of 12 root windows across 12 sites. Where differences were detected, fewer Em fungi were detected in high-than low-phosphatase activity microsites. Using 5 root windows at one site,next-generation sequencing detected similar fungal communities across microsites, but the ratio of saprotrophic to Em fungal reads was higher in high-phosphatase activity microsites in the two windows that had low Em fungal richness. In windows with differences in fungal communities, both studies indicated that Em fungi were less successful than saprotrophic fungi in colonizing fine-scale,organic matter-rich microsites. Fine-scale sampling linked with in situ detection of enzyme activity revealed relationships between soil fungal communities and phosphatase activity that could not be observed at the scales employed by conventional approaches, thereby contributing to the understanding of fine-scale phosphorus cycling in forest soils.

关键词： ectomycorrhizae fine scale fungal communities phosphatase root windows saprotrophic fungi soil imprinting

Convergent synaptic and circuit substrates underlying autism genetic risks

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第2期9卷 137-150页

作者： aaron mCGEE Guohui LI Zhongming LU Shenfeng QIU Developmental Neuroscience Program Saban Research Institute Children's Hospital Los Angeles Department of Pediatrics Keck Schoolof Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90027 USA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience School of Life Science Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA Department of Basic medical Sciences University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ 85004 USA

There has been a surge of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders （ASD） over the past decade. While large, high powered genome screening studies of children with ASD have identified numerous genetic risk factors, research efforts to understanding how each of these risk factors contributes to the development autism has met with limited success. Revealing the mechanisms by which these genetic risk factors affect brain development and predispose a child to autism requires mechanistic understanding of the neurobiological changes underlying this devastating group of developmental disorders at multifaceted molecular, cellular and system levels. It has been increasingly clear that the normal trajectory of neurodevelopment is compromised in autism, in multiple domains as much as aberrant neuronal production, growth, functional maturation, patterned connectivity, and balanced excitation and inhibition of brain networks. many autism risk factors identified in humans have been now reconstituted in experimental mouse models to allow mechanistic interrogation of the biological role of the risk gene. Studies utilizing these mouse models have revealed that underlying the enormous heterogeneity of perturbed cellular events, mechanisms directing synaptic and circuit assembly may provide a unifying explanation for the pathophysiological changes and behavioral endophenotypes seen in autism, although synaptic perturbations are far from being the only alterations relevant for ASD. In this review, we discuss synaptic and circuit abnormalities obtained from several prevalent mouse models, particularly those reflecting syndromic forms of ASD that are caused by single gene perturbations. These compiled results reveal that ASD risk genes contribute to proper signaling of the developing gene networks that maintain synaptic and circuit homeostasis, which is fundamental to normal brain development.

关键词： autism spectrum disorders development risk genes synapse circuits behavior neurodevelopmental disorders

Unveiling ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic avenue for colorectal cancer and colitis treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 3785-3801页

作者： aaron T.Kaoy Christian V.Cabanlongy Kendra Padilla Xiang Xue Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death(RCD)involving iron accumulation and lipid *** its discovery in 2012,various studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of various *** cell death has also been linked to intestinal dysfunction but can act as either a positive or negative regulator of intestinal disease,depending on the cell type and disease *** continued investigation of mechanisms underlying ferroptosis provides a wealth of potential for developing novel *** the growing prevalence of intestinal diseases,particularly colorectal cancer(CRC)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),this review article focuses on potential therapeutics targeting the ferroptotic pathway in relation to CRC and IBD.

关键词： Ferroptosis Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Cell death molecular mechanisms Iron metabolism Drug therapies Targeted therapeutics

Broadband achromatic dielectric metalenses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 236-246页

作者： Sajan Shrestha Adam C.Overvig ming Lu aaron Stein Nanfang Yu Department of Applied Physics and Applied mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Brookhaven National Laboratory Center for Functional NanomaterialsUptonNY 11973USA

metasurfaces offer a unique platform to precisely control optical wavefronts and enable the realization of flat lenses,or metalenses,which have the potential to substantially reduce the size and complexity of imaging systems and to realize new imaging ***,it is a major challenge to create achromatic metalenses that produce a single focal length over a broad wavelength range because of the difficulty in simultaneously engineering phase profiles at distinct wavelengths on a single *** practical applications,there is a further challenge to create broadband achromatic metalenses that work in the transmission mode for incident light waves with any arbitrary polarization *** developed a design methodology and created libraries of meta-units—building blocks of metasurfaces—with complex cross-sectional geometries to provide diverse phase dispersions(phase as a function of wavelength),which is crucial for creating broadband achromatic *** elucidated the fundamental limitations of achromatic metalens performance by deriving mathematical equations that govern the tradeoffs between phase dispersion and achievable lens parameters,including the lens diameter,numerical aperture(NA),and bandwidth of achromatic *** experimentally demonstrated several dielectric achromatic metalenses reaching the fundamental *** metalenses work in the transmission mode with polarization-independent focusing efficiencies up to 50%and continuously provide a near-constant focal length over λ=1200–1650 *** unprecedented properties represent a major advance compared to the state of the art and a major step toward practical implementations of metalenses.

关键词： chromatic dielectric limitations

Integrated optical switch matrices for packet data networks

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2016年第1期2卷 318-327页

作者： Ripalta Stabile aaron Albores-mejia Abhinav Rohit Kevin A.Williams COBRA Institute Eindhoven University of TechnologyPostbus 513Eindhoven 5600MBThe Netherlands National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST) Central 21-1-1 UmezonoTsukubaIbaraki 305-8568Japan PhotonIC Corporation 5800 Uplander WayCulver CityCA 90230USA

Integrated circuit technologies are enabling intelligent,chip-based,optical packet switch *** real-time reconfigurability at the photonic layer using integrated circuit technologies is expected to enable cost-effective,energy-efficient,and transparent data *** integrated photonic circuits offer high-performance amplifiers,switches,modulators,detectors,and de/multiplexers in the same wafer-scale *** complexity of these circuits has been transformed as the process technologies have matured,enabling component counts to increase to many hundreds per ***–passive monolithic integration has enabled switching matrices with up to 480 components,connecting 16 inputs to 16 *** switching matrices route data streams of hundreds of gigabits per ***-path and packet time-scale switching have been demonstrated in the laboratory to route between multiple fibre ***-granularity routing and monitoring is realised inside the *** this paper,we review the current status in InP integrated photonics for optical switch matrices,paying particular attention to the additional on-chip functions that become feasible with active component *** highlight the opportunities for introducing intelligence at the physical layer and explore the requirements and opportunities for cost-effective,scalable switching.

关键词： large-scale integration optical switching devices optoelectronics photonic integrated circuits