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Comparative efficacy of gypsy moth(Lepidoptera:Erebidae)entomopathogens on transgenic blight-tolerant and wild-type American,Chinese,and hybrid chestnuts(Fagales:Fagaceae)

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1067-1078页

作者： aaron J.Brown Andrew E.Newhouse William A.Powell Dylan Parry Department of Environmental and Forest Biology College of Environmental Science and ForestryState University of New YorkSyracuseNY13210USA

American chestnut(Castanea dentata[marsh.]Borkh.)was once the dominant hardwood species in Eastern North America before an exotic fungal pathogen,Cryphonec-tria parasitica(murrill)Barr,functionally eliminated it across its *** promising approach toward restoring American chestnut to natural forests is development of blight-tolerant trees using genetic ***,transformation and related processes can result in unexpected and unintended phenotypic changes,potentially altering ecologi-cal *** assess unintended tritrophic impacts of transgenic American chestnut on plant herbivore interactions,gypsy moth(Lymantria dispar L.)caterpillars were fed leaf disks excised from two transgenic events,Darling 54 and Darling 58,and four control American chestnut *** disks were previously treated with an LDso dose of either the speces-specific Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(LdmNPV)or the generalist pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis ***(Btk).mortality was quantified and compared to water blank *** genotype had a strong efect on the efficacies of both *** mortality from Btk-treated foliage from only one transgenic event,Darling 54,differed from its isogenic progenitor,Ellis l,but was similar to an unre-lated wild-type American chestnut *** efficacy was unaffected by genetic *** suggest that although genetic modification of trees may affect interactions with other nontarget organisms,this may be due to insertion effects,and varia-tion amnon dimterent genvtypes(wlether uasgeic ul wild-typc)iupaults a giealci change in response than transgene presence.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis LdmNPV nontarget restoration tri-trophic unin-tended effects

Temporally resolving premixed turbulent flame structures using self-supervised adversarial reconstruction of CH-PLIF

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Energy and AI 2023年第1期11卷 51-62页

作者： Ji-Hun Oh aaron W.Skiba Stephen D.Hammack Constandinos m.mitsingas Campbell D.Carter Tonghun Lee Department of mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignIL61801United States U.S.Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433United States Army Research Lab Aberdeen Proving GroundMD21005United States

Understanding the turbulence-flame interaction is crucial to model the low-emission combustors developed for energy and propulsion applications. To this end, a novel frame interpolation (FI) method is proposed to better resolve the spatiotemporal evolution of premixed turbulent flame structures. The framework is completely selfsupervised, agnostic to optical flow, and driven by leveraging transferrable feature knowledge at lower speeds and adversarial learning to statistically map the flame dynamics across frames. The method is successfully applied on a 10 kHz CH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) dataset of highly wrinkled premixed flames with turbulent Reynolds numbers (ReT ) of 1100, 1400, and 7900, by down-sampling the image sequence to 5 kHz and restoring the sequence back to 10 kHz via FI. All reconstructions recovered important flame events and displayed excellent resemblance of the corrugated CH-layer geometries to that of the ground truths, with average intersection over union (IoU) and structural similarity index (SSIm) scores of 0.49 and 0.82, which are above the high-similarity baselines of 0.36 and 0.75, respectively. The wrinkling parameters (WP) of the flames also matched the ground truths, wherein R2 was roughly 0.95 for ReT = 1100 and 1400 and 0.85 for ReT = 7900 (lower due to the turbulence-induced uncertainties). The FI is further iteratively repeated to 40 kHz on the ReT = 7900 flames to facilitate pocket analysis by confidently linking their origin of formation, thus, enabling distinction from 3D tunnels, and improving statistical characterization of their consumption speeds. Given that the object features do not exhibit highly turbulent motions with regard to the initial time step, the proposed FI method is shown to be highly accurate and useful to analyzing finite-resolution experimental image sets including, but not restricted to, CH-PLIF.

关键词： Self-supervised frame interpolation Premixed turbulent flames Planar laser-induced fluorescence Generative adversarial networks Pocket behavior

Exploring emerald global geochemical provenance through fingerprinting and machine learning methods

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences

Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2024年第1期5卷 202-219页

作者： Raquel Alonso-Perez James m.D.Day D.Graham Pearson Yan Luo manuel A.Palacios Raju Sudhakar aaron Palke Earth and Planetary Science Department Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA02138USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92037USA University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3Canada Eigenvector Research Inc.manson WA98831USA Rockhurst University Kansas CityMO64110USA Gemological Institute of America CarlsbadCA92008USA

Emeralds-the green colored variety of beryl-occur as gem-quality specimens in over fifty deposits *** digital traceability methods for emerald have limitations,sample-based approaches offer robust alterna-tives,particularly for determining the geographic origin of *** factors make emerald suitable for provenance studies and hence for developing models for origin ***,the diverse elemental chemistry of emerald at minor(mw)exhibits unique inter-element fractionations between global ***,minimally destructive techniques,including laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-mS),enable measurement of these diagnostic elemental ***,when applied to extensive datasets,machine learning(mL)techniques enable the creation of predictive models and statistical discrimination with adequate characterization of the *** study em-ploys a carefully selected dataset comprising more than 1000 LA-ICP-mS analyses of gem-quality emeralds,enriched with new *** dataset represents the largest available for global emerald *** con-ducted unsupervised exploratory analysis using Principal Component Analysis(PCA).For machine learning-based classification,we employed Support Vector machine Classification(SVm-C),achieving an initial accu-racy rate of 79%.This was enhanced to 96.8%through the use of hierarchical SVm-C with PCA filters as our modeling *** mL models were trained using the concentrations of eight statistically significant ele-ments(Li,V,Cr,Fe,Sc,Ga,Rb,Cs).By leveraging high-quality LA-ICP-mS data and mL techniques,accurate identification of the geographical origin of emerald becomes *** models are important for accurate provenance of emerald,and from a geochemical perspective,for understanding the formation environments of beryl-bearing pegmatites and shales.

关键词： Beryl Provenance LA-ICP-mS machine learning multivariate analysis Trace elements

A field guide for aging passerine nestlings using growth data and predictive modeling

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 141-149页

作者： Audrey A.Sanchez Andrew W.Bartlow Allison m.Chan Jeanne m.Fair aaron A.Skinner Kelly Hutchins maria A.musgrave Emily m.Phillips Brent E.Thompson Charles D.Hathcock Environmental Stewardship Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Biosecurity and Public Health Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Water Program N3BLos AlamosNMUSA

Background:Accurate nestling age is valuable for studies on nesting strategies,productivity,and impacts on repro-ductive *** aging guides consist of descriptions and photographs that are time consuming to read and subjective to *** Western Bluebird(Sialia mexicana)is a secondary cavity-nesting passerine that nests in coniferous and open deciduous *** box programs for cavity-nesting species have provided suitable nesting locations and opportunities for data collection on nestling growth and ***:We developed models for predicting the age of Western Bluebird nestlings from morphometric meas-urements using model training and *** were developed for mass,tarsus,and two different culmen ***:Our models were accurate to within less than a day,and each model worked best for a specific age *** mass and tarsus models can be used to estimate the ages of Western Bluebird nestlings 0-10 days old and were accurate to within 0.5 days for mass and 0.7 days for *** culmen models can be used to estimate ages of nest-lings 0-15 days old and were also accurate to within less than a *** daily mean,minimum,and maximum values of each morphometric measurement are provided and can be used in the field for accurate nestling age estimations in real ***:The model training and validation procedures used here demonstrate that this method can create aging models that are highly *** methods can be applied to any passerine species provided sufficient nest-ling morphometric data are available.

关键词： Cavity-nesting Nest boxes Nestling development Predictive models Western Bluebird

Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin in gastrointestinal cancer-associated venous thromboembolism

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第10期11卷 866-876页

作者： Alejandro Recio-Boiles Sumana Veeravelli Jessica Vondrak Hani m Babiker aaron J Scott Rachna T Shroff Hitendra Patel Emad Elquza Ali mcBride Department of medicine Hematology and Medical OncologyUniversity of Arizona Cancer CenterTucsonAZ 85724United States Department of medicine Internal Medicine Residency ProgramUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85725United States UC San Diego Health moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093United States University of Arizona College of Pharmacy TucsonAZ 85725United States

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal cancer(GICA)is associated with a higher incidence of venous thromboembolism(VTE)compared to other solid tumors,moreover,recurrent VTE and major bleeding(mB)complications during anticoagulation treatment have an associated increase ***-VTE remains a challenging clinical scenario with mB concerns for utilization of direct oral anticoagulants(DOAC),especially with active cancer *** To evaluate patient risk factors,effectiveness(VTE)and safety(mB)of DOACs and low molecular weight heparin(LmWH)in patients with active *** A retrospective chart review of patients receiving DOACs and LmWH with GICA and symptomatic or incidental VTE treated at comprehensive cancer center from November 2013 to February 2017 was *** criteria included active GI cancer diagnosed at any stage or treatment+/-6 mo of VTE diagnosis,whom were prescribed 6 mo or more of DOACs or *** Chi-squared test was used for overall and the Fisher exact test for pairwise comparisons of the proportions of patients experiencing recurrent VTE and mB *** ratios were used to compare the relative odds of the occurrence of the outcome given exposure to the risk *** A total of 144 patients were prescribed anticoagulation,in which 106 fulfilled inclusion criteria apixaban(27.3%),rivaroxaban(34.9%)and enoxaparin(37.7%),and 38 were *** median age was 66.5 years at GICA diagnosis and 67 years at CAVTE event,with 62%males,80%Caucasian,70%stage IV,pancreatic cancer(40.5%),30%Khorana Score(≥3 points),and 43.5%on active ***-four percent of patients completed anticoagulation therapy(range 1 to 43 mo).Recurrent VTE at 6 mo was noted in 7.5%(n=3),6.8%(n=2)and 2.7%(n=1)of patients on enoxaparin,apixaban and rivaroxaban,respectively(all P=NS).mB at 6 mo were 5%(n=2)for enoxaparin,6.8%(n=2)for apixaban and 21.6%(n=8)for rivaroxaban(overall P=0.048;vs LmWH P=0.0423;all other P=NS).Significant predictors of a prim

关键词： Direct oral anticoagulants Low molecular weight heparin Gastrointestinal cancer Venous thromboembolism Cancer associated thrombosis Clinical risk

Performance and playability of experimental low-input coarsetextured zoysiagrass in multiple climates

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Grass Research 2021年第1期1卷 84-95页

作者： Ross C.Braun Susana R.milla-Lewis Esdras m.Carbajal Brian m.Schwartz aaron J.Patton Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University625 Agriculture Mall Dr.West LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7620USA Department of Crop&Soil Sciences University of Georgia2360 Rainwater Rd.TiftonGA 31793USA

A 3-year experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance and playability of 24 coarse-textured zoysiagrass(Zoysia ***.)experimental genotypes in comparison to five commercially available cultivars maintained as a low-maintenance turf across multiple climates(Indiana,North Carolina,Georgia,Arizona,and California).Following establishment in 2018,plots were maintained under low-maintenance regimes and evaluated for quality,density,uniformity,color,winterkill damage,drought resistance,and golf ball lie in 2019 and 2020.A turf performance index(TPI)was calculated for each treatment at each site,which represented the number of times the treatment occurred in the top statistical *** unique climate for each site led to differences in TPI *** instance,the arid climates of Arizona and California resulted in distinct differences in performance among treatments compared to the other ***,consistencies in performance across sites were also *** example,the 2018−2019 winter resulted in winterkill differences among entries in both Indiana and North Carolina,which led to some similarities in ***,the southern humid climates of North Carolina and Georgia produced consistencies in overall *** the minimal inputs and the hot-humid or arid climates evaluated in this study,all of the check cultivars were some of the poorest performing treatments,which clearly illustrates there is a need for breeding programs to develop zoysiagrass genotypes for these ***,experimental lines that exhibited excellent persistence under these conditions were identified indicating the genetic potential for wider adaptation to lower input environments exists within the species.

关键词： treatment winter maintained

magnetically controlled growing instrumentation for early onset scoliosis: Caution needed when interpreting the literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第11期10卷 394-403页

作者： Kenneth aaron Shaw Justin m Hire Scott Kim Dennis P Devito michael L Schmitz Joshua S murphy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Dwight D.Eisenhower Army Medical CenterFort GordonGA 30905United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery General Leonard Wood Army Community HospitalFort Leonard WoodMO 65473United States University of Tennessee Health Science Center MemphisTN 38163United States Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaScottish Rite CampusAtlantaGA 30342United States

BACKGROUND magnetically controlled growing rods(mCGR) are a novel treatment option for early onset scoliosis(EOS). Although the complication profile with mCGR use has been reviewed, these reviews do not take into account important implants modifications, termed iterations, that were made due to early on postoperative complications is not well reported or *** To assess the effect of mCGR implant iterations on post-operative complications in *** A systematic review was performed to identify studies investigating mCGR specifically for the treatment of EOS, refined to those reporting the implant iteration, specifically the incorporation of the keeper plate to the implant *** with mixed implant iteration usage were excluded. Complications following surgery were recorded as well as potential risk factors and compared between implant *** Although 20 articles were identified for inclusion, 5 included mixed implant iteration leaving a total of 271 patients identified through 15 clinical studies thatmet inclusion criteria. The average follow-up was 25.4-mo. Pre-keeper plate implants were utilized in 3 studies with a total of 49 patients. Overall, 115(42.4%)post-operative complications were identified, with 87% defined as major. The addition of the keeper plate significantly decreased the rate of post-operative complications per study(35.7% vs 80.6%, P = 0.036), and the rate of distraction failure(8.1% vs 40.8%, P = 0.02). Unplanned reoperation occurred in 69(26.7%)patients but was not different between implant iteration cohorts(25.5% without keeper plate vs 27.1% with keeper plate, P = 0.92).CONCLUSION mCGR for EOS has a cumulative complication rate of 42.4% but this is significantly reduced to 35.7% when reviewing only keeper-plate enabled implants. However, 25% of published articles included mixed implant *** studies should discern between implants iterations when reporting on the usage of mCGR for EOS.

关键词： Complications Early onset scoliosis magnetically controlled growing instrumentations Keeper plate Reoperation Systematic review

In memoriam： Wissam S. Al-Hashimi

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Episodes 2005年第4期28卷 300-300页

作者： John m. aaron IUGS Web manager 2504 Charlestown Lane Reston VA USA 20191

Dr. Wissam S. Al-Hashimi has died. His daughter, Tara, reports that he was kidnapped early in the morning of August 24 while on his way to work. The ransom demanded by his abductors was paid by his family, but to no avail. He died of two bullet wounds to his head. Because his identification was taken from him, it took his family two weeks to find his body in a Baghdad hospital. Tragic indeed, and senseless.

关键词： WissamS.A1-Hashimi 地质学家学术成就地质工作

RENEWABLES IN THE DESERT SOUTHWEST:SUSTAINABLE,SUITABLE,AND SUPPLEmENTARY

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Journal of Green Building 2013年第2期8卷 16-26页

作者： Byungik Chang Ken Starcher David Carr aaron miller Associate Professor University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516USA Alternative Energy Institute West Texas A&M UniversityCanyonTexas 79016USA

INTRODUCTION Testing and resource assessment for Texas,New mexico,and Oklahoma have shown that renewable energy can provide a significant portion of the energy needs for the *** Alternative Energy Institute at West Texas A&m University has been collecting resource data since 1978 and placing test projects for specific research topics for renewables at WTAmU and selected field *** potential for renewables and how they have merged into the existing grid and community/home/ranch use shows that these technologies have a place in the region of the Texas/Oklahoma *** potential for power production with reduced use of water is also important for this *** paper presents the success stories,the potential downsides,and the lessons learned from 30 years of renewable energy *** focus is to provide evidence that renewables have a place in the energy plans of the Desert Southwest,and if properly placed and planned,are a long-term sustainable energy solution.

关键词： renewable wind energy sustainability