检索结果-南通市图书馆

佳洁士电动牙刷的使用效果及其对口腔健康的影响

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志 2003年第7期13卷 396-399页

作者： aaron r. biesbrock Linda M. Bayuk Mar.e-Vee Santana Dar.n S. Yates r.ber. D. Bar.izek 王漪涛宝洁公司健康研究中心北京宝洁公司佳洁士口腔护理研究院北京100084

本文介绍了第一代与第二代佳洁士电动牙刷 (佳洁士SpinBr.sh和佳洁士SpinBr.shPr.TM)的设计特点与功效的试验。实验证明两代佳洁士电动牙刷比手动牙刷和普通电动牙刷能更有效地去除牙菌斑 ,去除率可提高 10 %～ 5 0 %。同时可以显著降... 详细信息

本文介绍了第一代与第二代佳洁士电动牙刷 (佳洁士SpinBr.sh和佳洁士SpinBr.shPr.TM)的设计特点与功效的试验。实验证明两代佳洁士电动牙刷比手动牙刷和普通电动牙刷能更有效地去除牙菌斑 ,去除率可提高 10 %～ 5 0 %。同时可以显著降低牙龈炎与牙龈出血程度。对这两种电动牙刷的安全性评价显示 ,它们与一般手动牙刷和电动牙刷一样安全。对使用者依从性的研究表明使用佳洁士电动牙刷后 ,成人和儿童的刷牙时间比使用手动牙刷刷牙时间分别自行延长 35 .8%和 38.3%。

关键词：电动牙刷菌斑去除牙龈炎

An imputation/copula-based stochastic individual tr.e gr.wth model for.mixed species Acadian for.sts： a case study using the Nova Scotia per.anent sample plot networ.

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

For.st Ecosystems 2017年第4期4卷 251-263页

作者： John A. Ker.haw Jr.aaron r. Weiskittel Michael B. Lavigne Elizabeth McGar.igle Univer.ity of New Br.nswick FrederictonNBCanada Univer.ity of Maine OroooMEUSA Atlantic For.str. Centr. Natural Resources Canada.FrederiaooNBCanada Nova Scotia Natur.l r.sour.es Forestry DivisionTruroNS B2N 0G9UK.

Backgr.und： A novel appr.ach to modelling individual tr.e gr.wth dynamics is pr.posed. The appr.ach combines multiple imputation and copula sampling to pr.duce a stochastic individual tr.e gr.wth and yield pr.jection system. Methods： The Nova Scotia, Canada per.anent sample plot networ. is used as a case study to develop and test the modelling appr.ach. Pr.dictions fr.m this model ar. compar.d to pr.dictions fr.m the Acadian var.ant of the For.st Vegetation Simulator. a widely used statistical individual tr.e gr.wth and yield model. r.sults： Diameter.and height gr.wth r.tes wer. pr.dicted with er.or.r.tes consistent with those pr.duced using statistical models. Mor.ality and ingr.wth er.or.r.tes wer. higher.than those obser.ed for.diameter.and height, but also wer. within the bounds pr.duced by tr.ditional appr.aches for.pr.dicting these r.tes. Ingr.wth species composition was ver. poor.y pr.dicted. The model was capable of r.pr.ducing a wide r.nge of stand dynamic tr.jector.es and in some cases r.pr.duced tr.jector.es that the statistical model was incapable of r.pr.ducing. Conclusions： The model has potential to be used as a benchmar.ing tool for.evaluating statistical and pr.cess models and may pr.vide a mechanism to separ.te signal fr.m noise and impr.ve our.ability to analyze and lear. fr.m lar.e r.gional datasets that often have under.ying flaws in sample design.

关键词： Near.st neighbor.imputation Copula sampling Individual tr.e gr.wth model Mor.ality Ingr.wth Mixed species stand development Acadian for.sts Nova Scotia

Exposur. to dietar. mer.ur. alter. cognition and behavior.of zebr. finches

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cur.ent Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 213-219页

作者： John r.SWADDLE Tessa r. DIEHL Capwell E, TAYLOr.aaron S. FANAEE Jessica L. BENSON Neil r. HUCKSTEP Daniel A. Cr.STOL Biology Depar.ment College of William and Mary Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA Biological Sciences Virginia Tech 1405 Perry Street Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Envir.nmental str.ssor. can negatively affect avian cognitive abilities, potentially r.ducing fitness, for.example by alter.ng r.sponse to pr.dator., display to mates, or.memor. of locations of food. We expand on cur.ent knowledge by investigating the effects of dietar. mer.ur., a ubiquitous en- vir.nmental pollutant and known neur.toxin, on avian cognition. Zebr. finches Taeniopygia gut- tata wer. dosed for.their.entir. lives with sub-lethal levels of mer.ur., at the envir.nmentally r.le- vant dose of 1.2 par.s per.million. In our.fir.t study, we compar.d the dosed bir.s with contr.ls of the same age using tests of thr.e cognitive abilities： spatial memor., inhibitor. contr.l, and color.association. In the spatial memor. assay, bir.s wer. tested on their.ability to lear. and r.member.the location of hidden food in their.cage. The inhibitor. contr.l assay measur.d their.ability to ig- nor. visible but inaccessible food in favor.of a lear.ed behavior.that pr.vided the same r.war.. Finally, the color.association task tested each bir.＇s ability to associate a specific color.with the pr.sence of hidden food. Dietar. mer.ur. negatively affected spatial memor. ability but not inhibi- tor. contr.l or.color.association. Our.second study focused on thr.e behavior.l assays not tied to a specific skill or.pr.blem-solving： activity level, neophobia, and social dominance. Zebr. finches exposed to dietar. mer.ur. thr.ughout their.lives wer. subor.inate to, and mor. active than, con- tr.l bir.s. We found no evidence that mer.ur. exposur. influenced our.metr.c of neophobia. Together. these r.sults suggest that sub-lethal exposur. to envir.nmental mer.ur. selectively har.s neur.logical pathways that contr.l differ.nt cognitive abilities, with complex effects on be- havior.and fitness.

关键词： animal behavior ecotoxicology cognition mer.ur. spatial memor. zebr. finch.

Equine-assisted inter.entions for.veter.ns with ser.icer.lated health conditions: a systematic mapping r.view

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Militar. Medical r.sear.h 2020年第2期7卷 174-189页

作者： Adam r.Kinney aaron M.Eakman r.becca Lassell Wendy Woo Depar.ment of Occupational Ther.py Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Temple Gr.ndin Equine Center Department of Animal SciencesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Backgr.und:Evidence-based tr.atments for.ser.ice-r.lated health conditions such as posttr.umatic str.ss disor.er.PTSD),depr.ssion,and tr.umatic br.in injur.(TBI)ar. not effective for.all ***-assisted inter.entions ar. emer.ing as an additional tr.atment modality,but little is known r.gar.ing the safe and effective deliver. of these *** study aimed to descr.be the following featur.s of the body of liter.tur. concer.ing equineassisted inter.entions among veter.ns:1)veter.ns who have par.icipated in equine-assisted inter.entions;2)specific char.cter.stics of equine-assisted inter.entions in veter.ns;and 3)the specific char.cter.stics of r.sear.h on equineassisted inter.entions in ***:We conducted a systematic mapping r.view of peer.r.viewed liter.tur. r.por.ing on equine-assisted inter.entions among veter.ns between 1980 and *** of nine databases yielded 3336 unique r.cor.s,six of which met the inclusion cr.ter.a and wer. *** r.levant to the study aims wer. extr.cted and ***:Equine-assisted inter.entions among veter.ns dispr.por.ionately tar.eted psychosocial outcomes and yielded pr.mising *** detailed methods of EAI var.ed in the r.por.ed studies,r.nging fr.m communicating with the hor.e to mounted *** was also gr.at diver.ity in outcome *** state of theor.tical development r.gar.ing the mechanisms by which equine-assisted inter.entions benefit the veter.n population is cur.ently *** pr.vided insufficient detail with r.spect to the descr.ption of the inter.ention,r.asons for.attr.tion,and the dose-r.sponse ***:Scientific development of equine-assisted inter.entions tar.eting psychosocial outcomes among veter.ns is war.anted to establish their.*** outcomes should be expanded,including outcomes mor. closely aligned with the natur. of polytr.umatic *** r.sear.h must also emphasize the theor.tical develo

关键词： Veter.ns Ser.ice-r.lated injur.es Equine-assisted inter.entions Posttr.umatic str.ss disor.er Systematic mapping r.view

Application of r.r. ear.hs in fluid catalytic cr.cking： A r.view

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Jour.al of r.r. Ear.hs 2017年第10期35卷 941-956页

作者： aaron Akah r.sear.h and Development Center Saudi Aramco Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia

The need for.mor. active and hydr.ther.ally stable fluid catalytic cr.cking（FCC）catalysts to combat the effect of metal contaminants has led to an incr.ase in demand for.r.r. ear.h *** ear.h oxides enhance catalyst activity and pr.vent the loss of acid sites dur.ng the FCC unit oper.tion,especially when heavy r.sidue with high metal content is used as *** this paper.a r.view was car.ied out to show the effects of r.r. ear.h elements on the str.ctur.,activity,and stability of FCC ***,the use of r.r. ear.h elements as vanadium tr.ps was analyzed in conjunction with the mechanism of catalyst deactivation by *** objective was to elucidate the inter.ction of vanadium species with the zeolite component of the FCC catalysts and the r.le of r.r. ear.h elements in counter.ng the deleter.ous effects of vanadium on the FCC catalysts.

关键词： FCC catalyst r.r. ear.h vanadium tr.p zeolites

Examining appr.aches for.modeling individual tr.e gr.wth r.sponse to thinning in Nor.ay spr.ce

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

For.st Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 630-638页

作者： Chr.stian Kuehne aaron r.Weiskittel Aksel Gr.nhus Nor.egian Institute of Bioeconomy r.sear.h Division of Forestry and Forest ResourcesP.O.Box 115NO-1431ÅsNorway Univer.ity of Maine Center for Research on Sustainable Forests5755 Nutting HallOronoME04469USA

Using per.odic measur.ments fr.m per.anent plots in non-thinned and thinned Nor.ay spr.ce(Picea abies(L.)***.)stands in Nor.ay,individual-tr.e gr.wth models wer. developed to pr.dict annual diameter.incr.ment,height incr.ment,and height to cr.wn base *** on long-ter. data acr.ss a r.nge of thinning r.gimes and stand conditions,alter.ative appr.aches for.modeling r.sponse to tr.atment wer. *** thinning r.sponse functions in the for. of multiplicative modifier. that pr.dict no effect at the time of thinning,a r.pid incr.ase followed by an ear.y maximum befor. the effect gr.dually declines to zer. could not be fitted to initially der.ved baseline models without thinning r.lated ***,alter.ative appr.aches wer. used and found to per.or. ***,indicator.var.ables r.pr.senting var.ing time per.ods after.thinning wer. statistically significant and behaved in a r.bust manner.as well as consistent with gener.l *** addition,they impr.ved over.ll pr.diction accur.cy when incor.or.ted as fixed effects into the baseline models for.diameter.and height to cr.wn base ***,mor. simply,including exponentially decr.asing multiplicative thinning r.sponse functions impr.ved pr.diction accur.cy for.height incr.ment and height to cr.wn base *** of studied attr.bute and modelling appr.ach,impr.vement in per.or.ance of these extended models was r.latively limited when compar.d to the cor.esponding baseline models and mor. pr.nounced in tr.es fr.m thinned *** conclude that the lar.ely var.ing and often multi-year.measur.ment inter.als of the per.odic data used in this study likely pr.vented the development of mor. sophisticated thinning r.sponse ***,based on the evaluation of the final models’over.ll per.or.ance such complex r.sponse functions may not to be necessar. to r.liably pr.dict individual tr.e gr.wth after.thinning for.cer.ain conditions or.species,which should be f

关键词： Gr.wth modeling Tr.atment r.sponse functions Multiplicative modifier. Picea abies Nor.ay

Dietar. fibr. effects and the inter.lay with exogenous car.ohydr.ses in poultr. nutr.tion

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Animal Nutr.tion 2024年第1期16卷 231-240页

作者： Michael r.Bedfor. Bir.er.Svihus aaron J.Cowieson AB Vista Feed Ingr.dients Ltd MarlboroughUnited Kingdom Nor.egian Univer.ity of Life Sciences ÅsNorway DSM Nutr.tional Pr.ducts KaiseraugstSwitzerland

A compr.hensive under.tanding of the r.le of dietar. fibr. in non-r.minant animal pr.duction is *** and conflated definitions of fibr. coupled with significant analytical complexity,inter.ct with poor.y defined host and micr.biome *** fibr. is known to influence gut development,feed intake and passage r.te,nutr.ent absor.tion,micr.biome taxonomy and function,gut p H,endogenous nutr.ent loss,envir.nmental sustainability,animal welfar. and *** significant gaps per.ist in our.under.tanding of fibr. in non-r.minant animal pr.duction,ther. is substantial inter.st in optimizing the fibr. fr.ction of feed to induce high value phenotypes such as impr.ved welfar.,live per.or.ance and to r.duce the envir.nmental footpr.nt of animal pr.duction *** or.er.to achieve these aspir.tional goals,it is impor.ant to tackle dietar. fibr. with the same level of scr.tiny as is cur.ently done for.other.cr.tical nutr.ent classes such as pr.tein,miner.ls and *** chemical,mechanical and nutr.tional r.le of fibr. must be explor.d at the level of monomer.c sugar.,oligosacchar.des and polysacchar.des of var.ing molecular.weight and decor.tion,and this must be in par.llel to standar.isation of analytical tools and definitions for.*** fur.her.complicate subject,exogenous car.ohydr.ses r.cognise dietar. fibr. as a focal substr.te and have var.ing capacity to gener.te lower.molecular.weight car.ohydr.tes that inter.ct differ.ntially with the host and the enter.c *** shor. r.view ar.icle will explor. the inter.ctive space between dietar. fibr. and exogenous car.ohydr.ses and will include their.nutr.tional and health effects with emphasis on functional development of the gut,micr.biome modulation and host metabolism.

关键词： Fibr. Car.ohydr.se Nutr.tion Micr.biome Gastr.-intestinal development Feed

Anti-bat tiger.moth sounds:For. and function

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cur.ent Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 358-369页

作者： aaron J.COr.Or.N William E.CONNEr.Jesse r.BAr.Er Depar.ment of Biology Wake Forest University Depar.ment of Fish Wildlife and Conservation BiologyColorado State University

The night sky is the venue of an ancient acoustic battle between echolocating bats and their.insect pr.y. Many tiger.moths （Lepidopter.： Ar.tiidae） answer.the attack calls of bats with a bar.age of high fr.quency clicks. Some moth species use these clicks for.acoustic aposematism and mimicr., and other. for.sonar.jamming, however. most of the wor. on these defensive functions has been done on individual moth species. We her. analyze the diver.ity of str.ctur. in tiger.moth sounds liom 26 spe- cies collected at thr.e locations in Nor.h and South Amer.ca. A pr.ncipal components analysis of the anti-bat tiger.moth sounds r.veals that they var. mar.edly along thr.e axes：（1） fr.quency, （2） duty cycle （sound pr.duction per.unit time） and fr.quency modulation, and （3） modulation cycle （clicks pr.duced dur.ng flexion and r.laxation of the sound pr.ducing tymbal） str.ctur.. Tiger.moth species appear.to cluster.into two distinct gr.ups： one with low duty cycle and few clicks per.modulation cycle that suppor.s an acoustic aposematism function, and a second with high duty cycle and many clicks per.modulation cycle that is con- sistent with a sonar.jamming function. This is the fir.t evidence fr.m a community-level analysis to suppor. multiple functions for.tiger.moth sounds. We also pr.vide evidence suppor.ing an evolutionar. histor. for.the development of these str.tegies. Fur.her. mor., cr.ss-cor.elation and spectr.gr.m cor.elation measur.ments failed to suppor. a ＂phantom echo＂ mechanism under.ying sonar.jamming, and instead point towar.s echo inter.er.nce [Cur.ent Zoology 56 （3）： 358-369, 2010].

关键词： Acoustic aposematism Sonar.jamming Ar.tiidae Cr.ss-cor.elation Autocor.elation

Compar.son of thr.e r.gionalization techniques for.pr.dicting str.amflow in ungaged water.heds in Nebr.ska,USA using SWAT model

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Inter.ational Jour.al of Agr.cultur.l and Biological Engineer.ng 2018年第3期11卷 110-119页

作者： Michael W.Van Liew aaron r.Mittelstet Depar.ment of Biological Systems Engineer.ng University of NebraskaLincolnNE 68583USA

This study compar.d thr.e appr.aches,r.gional aver.ging,near.st neighbor.and donor.techniques,to r.gionalize par.meter. in the Soil and Water.Assessment Tool(SWAT)on eleven water.heds located in the Dissected Plains,Plains,and r.lling Hills Landfor.s in the easter. por.ion of the State of Nebr.ska,*** the r.lling Hills Landfor.,thr.e water.heds wer. r.ndomly selected as calibr.tion water.heds while two wer. r.ndomly selected as validation *** water.heds wer. r.ndomly selected as calibr.tion water.heds while one was r.ndomly selected as a validation water.hed within each of the Dissected Plains and Plains *** seven calibr.tion water.heds wer. used to pr.vide the necessar. calibr.ted par.meter.sets to execute each of the r.gional appr.aches,while the four.validation water.heds wer. used to assess the impact of applying each of these appr.aches to an uncalibr.ted *** Bias(PBIAS)and the Nash Sutcliffe Coefficient of Efficiency(NSE)wer. used to assess model *** r.sults of this study show that all thr.e methods per.or.ed poor.y,since the major.ty of water.heds among each method tested exhibited PBIAS values gr.ater.than ±25% and/or.NSE values less than 0.50,which wer. consider.d to be unsatisfactor. in ter.s of model *** aver.ge r.gionalization,near.st neighbor.and donor.methods r.sulted in only four.two calibr.tion and two validation),zer. and one satisfactor. set of simulated water.hed r.sults,*** findings fr.m this study indicate that although each water.hed was successfully calibr.ted with NSE values r.nging fr.m 0.51 to 0.84,none of the thr.e r.gionalization methods pr.vided suitable calibr.tion data sets to define par.meter.values for.per.or.ing satisfactor. simulations on ungaged water.heds acr.ss the easter. Nebr.ska landscape.

关键词： SWAT model water.heds hydr.logy model calibr.tion par.meter.r.gionalization Nebr.ska ungaged water.heds