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Evaluation of the fishery status for King Soldier Bream Argyrops spinifer in Pakistan using the software CEDA and ASPIC

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第4期33卷 966-973页

作者： aamir Mahmood MEMON 刘群 Khadim Hussain MEMON Wazir ali BALOCH Asfandyar MEMON Abdul BASET College of Fisheries Ocean University of China Sindh Fisheries Department Marine Fisheries Department Fish Harbor west wharf Karachi 74000 Pakistan Department of Fresh Water Biology and Fisheries University of Sindh Department of Economics Management and Quantitative Methods Via Conservatorio7 Universita Degli Studi Di Milano

Catch and effort data were analyzed to estimate the maximum sustainable yield （MSY） of King Soldier Bream, Argyrops spinifer （Forsskal, 1775, Family： Sparidae）, and to evaluate the present status of the fish stocks exploited in Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data for the 25-years period 1985-2009 were analyzed using two computer software packages, CEDA （catch and effort data analysis） and ASPIC （a surplus production model incorporating covariates）. The maximum catch of 3 458 t was observed in 1988 and the minimum catch of 1 324 t in 2005, while the average annual catch ofA. spinifer over the 25 years was 2 500 t. The surplus production models of Fox, Schaefer, and Pella Tomlinson under three error assumptions of normal, log-normal and gamma are in the CEDA package and the two surplus models of Fox and logistic are in the ASPIC package. In CEDA, the MSY was estimated by applying the initial proportion （IP） of 0.8, because the starting catch was approximately 80% of the maximum catch. Except for gamma, because gamma showed maximization failures, the estimated results of MSY using CEDA with the Fox surplus production model and two error assumptions, were 1 692.08 t （R^2=0.572） and 1 694.09 t （R^2=0.606）, respectively, and from the Schaefer and the Pella Tomlinson models with two error assumptions were 2 390.95 t （R^2=0.563）, and 2 380.06 t （R^2=0.605）, respectively. The MSY estimated by the Fox model was conservatively compared to the Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models. The MSY values from Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models were the same. The computed values of MSY using the ASPIC computer software program with the two surplus production models of Fox and logistic were 1 498 t （R^2=0.917）, and 2 488 t （R^2=0.897） respectively. The estimated values of MSY using CEDA were about 1 700-2 400 t and the values from ASPIC were 1 500-2 500 t. The estimates output by the CEDA and the ASPIC packages indicate that the stock is overfished, and needs some effective manage

关键词： stock assessment Argyrops spinifer maximum sustainable yield catch and effort data analysis (CEDA) a surplus production model incorporating covariates (ASPIC) Pakistan

Impact of environmental factors on COVID-19 cases and mortalities in major cities of Pakistan

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第1期3卷 10-16页

作者： Rabia Basray Amber Malik Wajiha Waqar Ambreen Chaudhry Muhammad Wasif Malik Mumtaz ali khan Jamil A.Ansari aamir Ikram National Institute of Health Islamabad Pakistan

Introduction:Climate factors play an important role in the transmission of viruses,such as influenza viruses,MERS-CoV,and *** study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in temperature,humidity,rainfall,and SARS-CoV-2 *** ecologically and climatically distinct regions were considered—Karachi,Lahore,Islamabad,Peshawar,and ***:Data on daily COVID-19 cases and deaths were retrieved from government officials,while meteorological information was collected from Pakistan Meteorological *** analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the meteorological factors and COVID-19 cases and ***:Positive correlation of COVID-19 incidence was observed with all the temperature ranges(maximum,minimum and average)and negative correlation was seen with humidity,DTR and ***-19 deaths were positively associated with temperature and were negatively associated only with *** regression showed that for every unit increase in humidity,there was a3.345 daily signifi-cant decrease in COVID-19 cases,while in Karachi for every unit increase in humidity,there remained a 10.104 daily significant increase in *** Gilgit-Baltistan,for every unit increase in average temperature and rainfall respectively,significant increases of 0.534 and 1.286 in daily cases were ***:This study signifies the effect of climate factors on COVID-19 incidence and mortality rate,but climate factors are not the only variable and several other interlinked factors enhance the spread of ***,effective mitigation policies,enhancing testing capacities,and developing public attitudes toward adopting precautionary measures are important to overcome this overwhelming pandemic.

关键词： Climate COVID-19 Mortality Pakistan

Temperature trends and elevation dependent warming during 1965-2014 in headwaters of Yangtze River, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第3期17卷 556-571页

作者： Naveed AHMED WANG Gen-xu Adeyeri OLUWAFEMI Sarfraz MUNIR HU Zhao-yong aamir SHAKOOR Muhammad ali IMRAN Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulations Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyCampus Alpine82467Germany Water Resources Engineering University of Kurdistan Hewler 30 Meter Avenue ErbilKurdistan44001Iraq Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan66000Pakistan Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The understanding of temperature trends in high elevation mountain areas is an integral part of climate change research and it is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources including glacier melt, degradation of soils, and active layer thickness. In this study, climate changes were analyzed based on trends in air temperature variables(Tmax, Tmin, Tmean), and Diurnal Temperature Range(DTR) as well as elevation-dependent warming at annual and seasonal scales in the Headwaters of Yangtze River(HWYZ), Qinghai Tibetan Plateau. The Base Period(1965-2014) was split into two subperiods;Period-Ⅰ(1965-1989) and Period-Ⅱ(1990-2014) and the analysis was constrained over two subbasins;Zhimenda and Tuotuohe. Increasing trends were found in absolute changes in temperature variables during Period-Ⅱ as compared to Period-Ⅰ.Tmax, Tmin, and Tmean had significant increasing trends for both sub-basins. The highest significant trends in annual time scale were observed in Tmin(1.15℃ decade-1) in Tuotuohe and 0.98℃ decade-1 in Zhimenda sub-basins. In Period-Ⅱ, only the winter season had the highest magnitudes of Tmax and Tmin0.58℃ decade-1 and 1.26℃ decade-1 in Tuotuohe subbasin, respectively. Elevation dependent warming analysis revealed that Tmax, Tmin and Tmean trend magnitudes increase with the increase of elevations in the middle reaches(4000 m to 4400 m) of the HWYZ during Period-Ⅱ annually. The increasing trend magnitude during Period-Ⅱ, for Tmax, is 1.77, 0.92, and 1.31℃ decade-1, for Tmin 1.20, 1.32 and 1.59℃ decade-1,for Tmean 1.51, 1.10 and 1.51℃ decade-1 at elevations of4066 m, 4175 m and 4415 m respectively in the winter season. Tmean increases during the spring season for> 3681 m elevations during Period-Ⅱ, with no particular relation with elevation dependency for other variables. During the summer season in Period Ⅱ, Tmax, Tmin, Tmean increases with the increase of elevations(3681 m to 4415 m) in the middle reaches of HWYZ. Elevation dependent wa

关键词： Climate change Elevation dependent warming Mann Kendall Temperature trends Yangtze River Qinghai Tibetan Plateau

Water Quality Evaluation of Chapurson Valley in Hunza Nagar, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan, Based on Statistical Analysis and Water Quality Index

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Health 2023年第5期15卷 379-396页

作者： Syeda Urooj Fatima Moazzam ali khan aamir Alamgir Nasir Sulman Tariq Masood ali khan Faisal Ahmed khan Muhammad Azhar khan Institute of Environmental Studies University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan

Water borne ailments are of serious public health concern in Gilgit Baltistan’s (GB) region of Pakistan. The pollution load on the glacio-fluvial streams and surface water resources of the Chapurson Valley in the Hunza Nagar area of the GB is increasing as a result of anthropogenic activities and tourism. The present study focuses on the public health quality of drinking water of Chapurson valley. The study addressed the fundamental drinking water quality criteria in order to understand the state of the public health in the valley. To ascertain the current status of physico-chemical, metals, and bacteriological parameters, 25 water samples were collected through deterministic sampling strategy and examined accordingly. The physico-chemical parameters of the water samples collected from the valley were found to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines of drinking water. The water samples showed a pattern of mean metal concentrations in order of Arsenic (As) > Lead (Pb) > Iron (Fe) > Zinc (Zn) > Copper (Cu) > Magnesium (Mg) > Calcium (Ca). As, Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg concentration were under the WHO guidelines range. However, results showed that Pb and Fe are present at much higher concentrations than recommended WHO guidelines. Similarly, the results of the bacteriological analysis indicate that the water samples are heavily contaminated with the organisms of public health importance (including total coliforms (TCC), total faecal coliforms (TFC) and total fecal streptococci (TFS) are more than 3 MPN/100mL). Three principal components, accounting for 48.44% of the total variance, were revealed using principal component analysis (PCA). Bacteriological parameters were shown to be the main determinants of the water quality as depicted by the PCA analysis. The dendrogram of Cluster analysis using the Ward’s method validated the same traits of the sampling locations that were found to be contaminated during geospatial analysis using the Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) m

关键词： Chapurson Valley Water Quality Physico-Chemical Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Inverse Distance Weight (IDW)

Phosphorus Solubility from Rock Phosphate Mixed Compost with Sulphur Application and Its Effect on Yield and Phosphorus Uptake of Wheat Crop

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第12期7卷 401-429页

作者： Kashif khan Muhammad Sharif Imran Azeem Ibadullah Adnan Anwar khan Sajid ali Imran khan aamir khan Department of Soil and Environmental Science Faculty of Crop Production Sciences The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan

A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sulphur application with Rock phosphate mixed compost on phosphorus (P) solubility and its effect on yield and P uptake of wheat crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the research farm of The University of Agriculture Peshawar. The experiment was conducted during rabi 2015-16 with plot size of 3 m × 5 m. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied at the rate of 120, 90 and 60 kg·ha-1 in the form of urea, compost, or single super phosphate and potassium sulphate, respectively. Elemental sulphur was applied at the rate of 10, 20 and 30 kg·ha-1 at the time of sowing. Results showed that sulphur applied with compost significantly improved wheat yield and yield components, soil organic matter, soil total N and AB-DTPA extractable P contents, plant N and P concentrations and their uptake, plant micronutrients concentration and their uptakes. No significant changes were noted in soil pH, ECe and lime contents. Maximum grain yield of 4076 kg·ha-1, total dry matter yield 9721 kg·ha-1, straw yield 5644 kg·ha-1, plant height 98.3 cm, spike length 11.2 cm, grain per spike 61.0, thousand grain weight 50.2 g were recorded on the application of S at the rate 20 kg·ha-1 with compost. The highest soil organic matter content of 1.41% was found for the application of S at the rate of 10 kg·ha-1 with compost. Maximum soil total N content of 1756 mg·kg-1 and P 5.7 mg·kg-1 were observed by the application of double recommended S with compost. Plant N uptakes of 125.7 kg·ha-1, and P uptake of 17.5 kg·ha-1, were maximum with application of compost and S @ 20 kg·ha-1. Highest plant uptake of Fe 0.56 kg·ha-1, Zn 0.41 kg·ha-1, Cu 0.16 kg·ha-1 and Mn 0.93 kg·ha-1 were found by the application of full recommended S with compost. Results suggested that S at the rate of 20 kg·ha-1 application with com

关键词： Phosphorus Solubility Rock Phosphate Compost Sulphur Wheat Crop

Sowing uniformity of bed-type pneumatic maize planter at various seedbed preparation levels and machine travel speeds

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 165-171页

作者： Fiaz Ahmad Muhammad Adeel Baijing Qiu Jing Ma Muhammad Shoaib aamir Shakoor Farman ali Chandio School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Department of Farm Power and Machinery Sindh Agriculture UniversityTando Jam 70060Pakistan

Precision planters are important machines in the regime of modern technological *** conditions,seed metering system and machine operating parameters affect the pneumatic planter *** pneumatic planter was evaluated to determine the effect of three tillage levels(L1,L2,and L3)and four travel speeds(S1,S2,S3 and S4).The sowing uniformity of the planter was observed with respect to the horizontal distribution of seeds within a row and described by using the precision index(Ip),the multiple index(Imult),the miss-seeding index(Imiss)and the quality of feed index(Iqf).The results revealed that the tillage levels(L)and travel speed(S)had a significant effect(pality-feed and precision indices were 5.14%,5.833%,89.03%and 17.85%at L3,*** mean values of multi-index 17.59%,14.44%,12.40%and 10.18%,quality feed index 74.07%,75.92%,75.74%and 74.07%and precision indices 21.47%,23.26%,25.51%and 28.53%were at S1,S2,S3 and S4,*** study showed that maize could be seeding within an acceptable precise range by bed-type pneumatic planter subjected to the proper seedbed preparation level.

关键词： sowing uniformity pneumatic planter tillage levels travel speed

Assessment of Forest Growing Stock of Timergara Forest Subdivision, Dir Lower Forest Division

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第11期5卷 537-543页

作者： Majid Ullah Amjad ali khan aamir Saleem Sajjad Saeed Umar Wahab Department of Forestry and Range Management PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan Department of Environmental Science University of Haripur Haripur Pakistan

The present study was aimed to assess the growing stock of Timergara forest subdivision which was a part of Dir lower forest division (Pakistan). The study area was divided into two different climatic zones (i.e. sub-tropical sub humid and sub-humid temperate zones) on the basis of altitudinal considerations. A total of 43 sample plots are taken in the forest area of 8480 hectare with random sampling technique representing 0.5% of the total forest area. Each sample plot size was of one hectare. In each 100 × 100 m (1 ha plot), number of trees, diameter, age, height, increment, form factor and volume were measured. An interrelation between the diameter (independent variable) and all the other dependent variables (volume, increment and height) were found. At the end, volume tables were made which suited the local conditions as the ones used before were not suited to the local conditions.

关键词： Growing Stock Volume Tables Sub Tropical Sub Humid Dependent Variables Independent Variables

Environmental Risk of Atrazine (Herbicide) to Brain, Gills and Liver Tissues of Fish <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>(Valenciennes, 1844)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第2期9卷 1-16页

作者： Waqar Ahmad aamir Sultan Sahibzada Muhammad Haseeb Jan aamir ali Ihtisham Ur Rahman Hazrat Usman Ahmad Sher Naqash khan Suleman Zahid khan Ahsan khan Department of Zoology University of Swabi Anbar Swabi Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Department of Zoology University of Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

The current study investigates the toxic effects of acute dose of an endocrine disruptor atrazine on Grass carp (Ctenepharyngodon idella) using histopathological changes as biomarkers. Histopathology is promising field for research in aquatic toxicology, in this manner vital organs;brain, gills, and liver tissues were inspected histological after exposing to sublethal groupings of atrazine 0.025 and 0.03 μl/L for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days individually with equal untreated control group. Against various doses, rapid movements, gulping of air and jumping of fish to scat from toxic medium were noticed. Various severe (+++) morphological modifications in tissue were documented in comparison with control group comprised of degenerated neurons, vacuolization, inflammatory cells infiltration and neural necrosis in brain tissue. The most well-known gills tissue alteration at all concentrations of atrazine was epithelial hyperplasia, desquamation, epithelial lifting and smaller aneurism while hepatic injuries were described by overcast expanding of hepatocytes esteemed as cloudy swelling of hepatocytes followed by karyolysis, karyohexis and dilation of sinusoids which shows that atrazine introduction upgraded the toxicosis impacts with the increase concentration, influenced the strength of the fish, inferable from histological inconsistencies.

关键词： Histopathological Toxicological Brain Gills Liver

An Optimization Approach for Convolutional Neural Network Using Non-Dominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5641-5661页

作者： Afia Zafar Muhammad aamir Nazri Mohd Nawi ali Arshad Saman Riaz Abdulrahman Alruban Ashit Kumar Dutta Badr Almutairi Sultan Almotairi Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn MalaysiaMalaysia School of Electronics Computing and MathematicsUniversity of DerbyUK Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology CollegeMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesIslamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia

In computer vision,convolutional neural networks have a wide range of *** representmost of today’s data,so it’s important to know how to handle these large amounts of data *** neural networks have been shown to solve image processing problems ***,when designing the network structure for a particular problem,you need to adjust the hyperparameters for higher *** technique is time consuming and requires a lot of work and domain *** a convolutional neural network architecture is a classic NP-hard optimization *** the other hand,different datasets require different combinations of models or hyperparameters,which can be time consuming and *** approaches have been proposed to overcome this problem,such as grid search limited to low-dimensional space and queuing by random *** address this issue,we propose an evolutionary algorithm-based approach that dynamically enhances the structure of Convolution Neural Networks(CNNs)using optimized *** study proposes a method using Non-dominated sorted genetic algorithms(NSGA)to improve the hyperparameters of the CNN *** addition,different types and parameter ranges of existing genetic algorithms are *** study was conducted with various state-of-the-art methodologies and *** have shown that our proposed approach is superior to previous methods in terms of classification accuracy,and the results are published in modern computing literature.

关键词： Non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm convolutional neural network hyper-parameter optimization