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Complexity of charged anisotropic spherically symmetric fluids in f(G)gravity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第3期75卷 91-104页

作者： Z Yousaf m Z Bhatti m m m Nasir Department of mathematics University of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan

The previous ideology of complexity factor for the dynamical spheres[Herrera et al 2018,***.D,98,104059]is extended for the influence of charge.A dynamical spherically symmetric non-dissipative and dissipative self-gravitating structure is examined in the presence of maxwell f(G)gravity to examine the complexity *** pattern of evolution is studied with the minimal complexity *** complexity factor remains the same for the structure of fluid distribution,while we examine homologous constraints for the most basic evolution *** calculate the structure scalars which play an important role in order to understand the fundamental properties of the *** fluid is geodesic as well as shearing for the dissipative case and there is a large number of *** the non-dissipative fluid distribution,a shear-free,homogeneous and isotropic,geodesic fluid correlates with the evolving homologous and vanishing complexity *** implication of the condition of vanishing complexity factor and stability are discussed at the end.

关键词： gravitation anisotropy complexity hydrodynamics

Quantitative analysis of saindha salt using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and cross-validation with ICP-mS

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第7期22卷 51-58页

作者： m QASIm m ANWAR-UL-HAQ m SHER AFGAN S U HAQ m A BAIG Department of Physics University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan Department of Energy&Power Engineering Tsinghua-BP Clean Energy CenterTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Institute of Lasers and Optronics(NILOP) NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Saindha salt is considered to be more advantageous than the other edible salts for the patients suffering from diabetes,blood pressure and kidney *** explore the constituent elements of this salt,laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has been exploited for its qualitative and quantitative *** third harmonic(355 nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser has been used to produce the saindha salt plasma and the time integrated optical emission spectra were registered using a set of six miniature spectrometers covering the spectral range of 230-805 *** spectroscopic analysis of the emission spectra predominately revealed numerous neutral or singly ionized emission lines of Ca,mg,Na,K,Fe,Sr,Si,Li and *** laser produced plasma was characterized by calculating the electron temperature from the Boltzmann plots and the electron number density from the Stark broadened line profile as a function of laser irradiance and distance from the target *** relative concentration of the constituent elements was extracted by the integrated line intensities of the strongest spectral line of each element using the self-calibration-LIBS(SC-LIBS) and one-line calibration free-LIBS(OLCF-LIBS) *** cross-validation,the LIBS results have been compared with that obtained from the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-mS) showing good agreement.

关键词： elemental analysis CF-LIBS plasma parameters

Wisdom Tooth Surgery Complications—Local Anaesthesia versus General Anaesthesia

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2019年第3期9卷 51-63页

作者： Hui Woon Lim Nur Izzati mahmod Fathinah Hanem azam Zaki Fo Yew Tan Sathesh Balasundram Tassha Hilda Adnan Department of Oral Surgery Sultanah Nora Ismail Batu Pahat Hospital Ministry of Health Batu Pahat Malaysia Clinical Research Centre Kuala Lumpur Hospital Ministry of Health Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Purpose: To compare the complication rates arising from surgical removal of lower third molars (L3m) under general anaesthesia (GA) versus local anaesthesia (LA) in the Oral and maxillofacial Surgery (OmFS) Department, Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI), Batu Pahat, Johor, malaysia. materials and methods: This is a retrospective clinical audit of patients who underwent L3m removal under LA or GA from 1/1/2013 to 31/3/2018, with recorded complications such as surgical site infection (SSI), wound breakdown, severe pain, trismus, retained tooth structure, nerve injury and dry socket evaluated at different time intervals. Results: A total of 313 patients with 375 L3m were included in this study (male: 160, 51.1%;female: 153, 48.9%) with an age range of 18 to 40 years (mean = 27.43 years). 79 L3m were removed under GA (34.2% were classified as mild;65.8% were moderate), whereas 296 L3m were removed under LA, (31.4% were mild impaction, 63.9% moderate and 4.7% severe. Preoperative antibiotics were given before all L3m removal under GA, while only 23 out of 296 L3m removal under LA had antibiotics. 15.2% of L3m removal under GA and 16.6% of those done under LA were associated with complications. Generally, patient with GA had lesser complications;however only SSI outcome was significant (p = 0.034). Conclusion: L3m removal under LA may have a higher risk of SSI when compared to GA. This raises the possibility that a single prophylactic antibiotic dose may prevent SSI in LA procedures.

关键词： Lower Third molar Complication Local Anaesthesia General Anaesthesia

Diagnostic Study of an Fe-Ni Alloy Plasma Generated by the Fundamental (1064 nm) and Second (532 nm) Harmonics of an Nd: YAG Laser

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第5期15卷 397-402页

作者： m.HANIF m.SALIK m. A. BAIG mCS National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) School of Science Beijing Jiaotong University National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus

We studied the spatial evolution of the Fe-Ni plasma generated by the fundamental （1064 nm） and second （532 nm） harmonics of a Q-switched Nd： YAG laser. The experimentally observed line profiles of the neutral iron （Fe I） have been used to extract the plasma temperature （T e ） using the Boltzmann plot method, whereas the electron number density （N e ） has been deter- mined from the Stark broadening. In addition, we studied the spatial behavior of T e and N e with the variation of laser energy for iron plasma by placing the target material （iron-nickel alloy） in air at atmospheric pressure for both modes of the Nd： YAG laser.

关键词： iron plasma laser ablation electron temperature electron number density

The stability of a shearing viscous star with an electromagnetic field

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第5期22卷 175-181页

作者： m. Sharif m. azama Department of mathematics University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Lahore-54590 Pakistan Division of Science and Technology University of Education Township Campus Lahore-54590 Pakistan

We analyze the role of the electromagnetic field for the stability of a shearing viscous star with spherical symmetry. matching conditions are given for the interior and the exterior metrics. We use a perturbation scheme to construct the collapse equation. The range of instability is explored in Newtonian and post Newtonian （pN） limits. We conclude that the electromagnetic field diminishes the effects of the shearing viscosity in the instability range and makes the system more unstable in both Newtonian and post Newtonian approximations.

关键词： gravitational collapse electromagnetic field instability

施无机15N肥及豆类残余物在土壤中的转化及对植物的有效性

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贵州农业科学 1986年第2期 63-66+41页

作者： F azam ,K.A.maliK ,m.T.Sajjad ,邓乃朋

引言以植物残余物或无机N肥施入土壤,可被植物吸收,或自土壤植物系统失去,或被土壤微生物固定逐渐转化成固定状态。由于试验的条件,这种转化程度的变异甚大。通常,施N肥的50％为植物吸收,25％因不同的机制而损失,其余25％留在土中程度... 详细信息

引言以植物残余物或无机N肥施入土壤,可被植物吸收,或自土壤植物系统失去,或被土壤微生物固定逐渐转化成固定状态。由于试验的条件,这种转化程度的变异甚大。通常,施N肥的50％为植物吸收,25％因不同的机制而损失,其余25％留在土中程度不同的成为固定状态。应用15N同位素作无机肥施用,研究N对于植物的有效性,已有许多工作者作过。利用植物残余物作N肥的周转及有效性也已有报告。现在的研究

关键词：残余物 As 生物量现存量富里酸植物豆类有效性

Evolution of plasma parameters in an Ar-N2/He inductive plasma source with magnetic pole enhancement

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第2期19卷 34-42页

作者： maria YOUNUS N U REHmAN m SHAFIQ m NAEEm m ZAKA-UL-ISLAm m ZAKAULLAH Department of Physics Plasma Physics LaboratoryQuaid-i-Azam University45320 IslamabadPakistan Plasma Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology44000 IslamabadPakistan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceJazan University114 JazanSaudi Arabia

magnetic pole enhanced inductively coupled plasmas （maPE-ICPs） are a promising source for plasma-based etching and have a wide range of material processing applications. In the present study Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy were used to monitor the evolution of plasma parameters in a maPE-ICP Ar-Na/He mixture plasma. Electron density （ne） and temperature （Te）, excitation temperature （Texc）, plasma potential （Vp）, skin depth （6） and the evolution of the electron energy probability function （EEPF） are reported as a function of radiofrequency （RF） power, pressure and argon concentration in the mixture. It is observed that ne increases while Te decreases with increase in RF power and argon concentration in the mixture. The emission intensity of the argon line at 750.4 nm is also used to monitor the variation of the ‘high-energy tail＇ of the EEPF with RF power and gas pressure. The EEPF has a ‘bi-maxwellian＇ distribution at low RF powers and higher pressure in a pure N2 discharge. However, it evolves into a ‘maxwellian＇ distribution at RF powers greater than 70 W for pure N2, and at 50 W for higher argon concentrations in the mixture. The effect of argon concentration on the temperatures of two electron groups in the ‘bi-maxwellian＇ EEPF is examined. The temperature of the low-energy electron group TL shows a decreasing trend with argon addition until the ‘thermalization＇ of the two temperatures occurs, while the temperature of high-energy electrons Ta decreases continuously.

关键词： maPE-ICP Langmuir probe OES EEPF

Theoretical investigation of optical properties and band gap engineering for Zn1-xTmxTe(Tm=Fe,Co)alloys by modified Becke-Johnson potential

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 491-498页

作者： Q mahmood m Yaseen m Hassan Shahid m Ramay Asif mahmood materials Growth and Simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-i-Azam Campus54590LahorePakistan Department Of Physlcs University of Agriculture UniversityFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Physics and Astronomy Department College of ScienceKing Sand UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The direct band gap ZnTe with transition metal （Tm） impurities plays a vital role in optoelectronic and spintronic applications. In the present study, we use the advanced modified Becke-Johnson （mBJ） functional for performing the structural computations and detailed investigations of the optical characters in Zn1_xTmxTe （Tm = Fe, Co） alloys with 0 ≤ x ≤1. By employing the FP-LAPW method, we determine various optical parameters for the ternary alloys and for the end binaries. The calculated static dielectric constants and optical band gaps for Zn1_xTmxTe （Tm = Fe, Co） have an inverse relation that verifies the Penn model. We find that the static dielectric constant is nearly equal to the square of the static refractive index, and both increase with Tm content. Furthermore, we also find a slight shift of peaks to a higher energy region with increasing Tm concentration. The decreasing band gap and high value of the absorption in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum make these alloys suitable for photonic and solar cell applications.

关键词： amorphous semiconductors transition metal-doped ZnTe structural computation optical property

Analytical study of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model for a boundary layer flow of Oldroyd-B fluid

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第1期25卷 657-662页

作者： F m Abbasi m mustafa S A Shehzad m S Alhuthali T Hayat Department of mathematics Comsats Institute of lnformaHon TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan School of Natural Sciences(SNS) National University of Science and Technology(NUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of mathematics Comsats Institute of/nformation TechnologySahiwa157000Pakistan NAAm Research Group Department of MathematicsFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan

We investigate the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model for a two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of an incompressible Oldroyd-B fluid over a linearly stretching sheet. mathematical formulation of the boundary layer problems is given. The nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into the ordinary differential equations using similarity transformatioris. The dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles are obtained through optimal homotopy analysis method （OHAm）. The influences of the physical parameters on the velocity and the temperature are pointed out. The results show that the temperature and the thermal boundary layer thickness are smaller in the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model than those in the Fourier＇s law of heat conduction.

关键词： Oldroyd-B fluid Cattaneo-Christov heat flux nonlinear analysis