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Flag-Based Vehicular Clustering Scheme for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 2715-2734页

作者： Fady Samann Shavan askar Department of Energy Engineering Technical College of EngineeringDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhok42001Iraq Department of Information System Engineering Technical College of EngineeringErbil Polytechnic UniversityErbil44001Iraq

Clustering schemes in vehicular networks organize vehicles into logical *** are vital for improving network performance,accessing the medium,and enabling efficient data *** schemes rely on periodically broadcast hello messages to provide up-to-date information about the ***,the periodic exchange of messages overwhelms the system and reduces *** paper proposes the Flag-based Vehicular Clustering(FVC)*** scheme leverages a combination of Fitness Score(FS),Link Expiration Time(LET),and clustering status flags to enable efficient cluster formation in a hybrid *** FVC relies on the periodic broadcast of the basic safety message in the Dedicated Short-Range Communications(DSRC)standard for exchanging the vehicle’s status,FS,and joining *** extra information onto the existing periodic beacon reduces the overhead of exchanging additional control messages,which is the main contribution of this *** scheme is implemented in a hybrid manner by utilizing a Road Side Unit(RSU)to implement a clustering *** work considered the FastPAM algorithm,a fast version of the Partitioning Around Medoids(PAM)clustering algorithm,to generate a list of potential cluster *** FVC scheme uses the LET as the clustering metric with the FastPAM ***,the Lightweight FastPAM Vehicular Clustering(LFPVC)algorithm is considered by selecting the initial cluster heads based on the FS instead of the greedy FastPAM’s build *** the absence of the RSU,the vehicles utilize the FS with proper back-off time to self-elect the cluster *** hybrid FVC scheme increased the cluster lifetime by 32%and reduced the control-message overhead by 63%compared to the related ***,the LFPVC algorithm achieved similar results to the FastPAM algorithm.

关键词： Clustering scheme VANET FastPAM

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Examining the Use of Scott’s Formula and Link Expiration Time Metric for Vehicular Clustering

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2421-2444页

Implementing machine learning algorithms in the non-conducive environment of the vehicular network requires some adaptations due to the high computational complexity of these algorithms.K-clustering algorithms are simplistic,with fast performance and relative ***,their implementation depends on the initial selection of clusters number(K),the initial clusters’centers,and the clustering *** paper investigated using Scott’s histogram formula to estimate the K number and the Link Expiration Time(LET)as a clustering *** traffic flows were considered for three maps,namely Highway,Traffic Light junction,and Roundabout junction,to study the effect of road layout on estimating the K number.A fast version of the PAM algorithm was used for clustering with a modification to reduce time *** Affinity propagation algorithm sets the baseline for the estimated K number,and the Medoid Silhouette method is used to quantify the ***++,Veins,and SUMO were used to simulate the traffic,while the related algorithms were implemented in *** Scott’s formula estimation of the K number only matched the baseline when the road layout was ***,the clustering algorithm required one iteration on average to converge when used with LET.

关键词： Clustering vehicular network Scott’s formula FastPAM

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Endotoxin receptor CD14 gene variants and histological features in chronic HCV infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第31期15卷 3884-3890页

作者： Eva askar Giuliano Ramadori Sabine Mihm Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology University Medical CenterGeorg-August-University

AIM:To analyze the correlation between CD14 rs2569190/C-159T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and disease progression in chronic hepatitis ***: Liver biopsy specimens from a total of 137 and 349 patients with chronic hepatitis C were separately evaluated with respect to necroinflammatory activity (grading) and architectural changes (staging). In one group, further histological lesions characteristic for hepatitis C, hepatitis C virus subtypes, and biochemical parameters of liver disease were also investigated. Samples of genomic DNA were genotyped for the respective SNP by 5'-nuclease assays using fluorescent dye-labeled allele-specif ic ***: Genotype distribution did not deviate from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In the first group, patients homozygous for the variant allele T were found to be younger than C allele carriers (39.6±12.5 vs 45.7±11.5, P=0.008). Among the histological lesions studied, portal lymphoid aggregates were more frequently observed among TT homozygotes than among C carriers (21/37 vs 32/100, P=0.008). The presence of portal lymphoid aggregates was closely correlated with hepatic inflammation (P=0.003) and with bile duct damage (P<0.001). The degree of fibrosis, in contrast, was not found to be related to the CD14 gene C-159T ***: The data suggest a possible relationship between CD14 C-159T polymorphism and the formation of portal lymphoid aggregates, but not liver fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C.

关键词： CD14 Endotoxins Hepatitis C virus Inflammation Lipopolysaccharides Liver fibrosis Portal system Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Characteristics of newly-formed cementum following emdogain application

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第1期3卷 21-26页

作者： Khalid Al-Hezaimi Mansour Al-askar Abdulaziz Al-Rasheed Eng.A.B.Bagshan Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration Research Chair King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry King Saud UniversityRiyadh Saudi Arabia Eng.A.B.Bagshan Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration Research Chair King Saud UniversityRiyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Periodontal regenerative techniques have been proposed; however, the outcomes remain debatable. The present investigation assessed the regenerated cementum following enamel matrix derivative application in dehiscence-type defects. Buccal osseous dehiscences were surgically created on the maxillary cuspid, and the second and fourth premolars in five female beagle dogs. The treatment group （n=15 sites） received the enamel matrix derived application, whereas the control groups （n=15） did not. The dogs were sacrificed 4 months following treatment and the specimens were histologically and histometrically examined. The newly formed cementum was uneven in thickness and mineralization, overlapped the old cementum and exhibited functional orientation, cementocyte lacunae and collagen fibril bundles. Most of the histological specimens showed the presence of a gap between the newly formed cementum and the underlying dentin. Control sites did not exhibit any cementum formation. The present study concluded that newly formed cementum is of cellular type and exhibits multiple characteristics.

关键词： regeneration cementum enamel matrix protein

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A New Hiatus within the Lutetian of the El Basatin Section,Gebel Mokattam, Egypt:Field and Sedimentological Observations, with Special Emphasis on Nummulites

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第1期93卷 12-29页

作者： SAFIA Menoufy Al RADWAN Abul-Nasr MARWA askar University of Ain Shams Faculty of Education Department of Biological & Geological Sciences

The Eocene succession of the El Basatin Section in Gebel Mokattam, east of Cairo, consists, from base to top, of two main units; the Mokattam and Maadi Formations. The Mokattam Formation consists of two Members, the Building Stone Member and the Giushi Member. The Upper Building Stone Member yielded six species of Nummulites belonging to the Upper Lutetian. These species are: Nummulites farisi Hussein et al., 2004; Nummulites cf. praegizehensis Boukhary and Hussein-Kamel, 1993; Nummulites cf. gizehensis(Forsk?l, 1775); Nummulites discorbinus(Schlotheim 1820) and Arxina schwageri(Silvestri, 1928) emended by Boukhary et al. 2012 and Nummulites crassichordatus Boukhary et al., 2010. The Giushi Member yielded three species that indicate a Bartonian age. These species, which continued from their first appearance in the Upper Building Stone Members, are N. discorbinus, A. schwageri and N. crassichordatus. The Maadi Formation, which has been previously considered to be of Bartonian–Priabonian age, is devoid of fossils in the study section. The two members of the Mokattam Formation represent a carbonate platform facies. The deposition of the Upper Building Stone Member was disturbed during the Lutetian by slumping and a convolute-bedding interval, indicating a short hiatus. The subsequent regression resulted in a very shallow marine to near-shore facies in the above Maadi Formation.

关键词： Eocene Lutetian Nummulites Hiatus El Basatin Gebel Mokattam Egypt

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An Intelligent MCGDM Model in Green Suppliers Selection Using Interactional Aggregation Operators for Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Soft Sets

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1829-1862页

作者： Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain Wen-Xiu Ma Imran Siddique Hijaz Ahmad Sameh askar School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of South FloridaTampaFL 33620-5700USA School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences North-West UniversityMafikeng CampusMmabatho2735South Africa Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele IIRoma00186Italy Near East University Operational Research Center in HealthcareNicosia/Mersin99138Turkey Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Green supplier selection is an important debate in green supply chain management(GSCM),attracting global attention from scholars,especially companies and *** frequently search for new ideas and strategies to assist them in realizing sustainable *** of the speculative character of human opinions,supplier selection frequently includes unreliable data,and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set(IVPFSS)provides an exceptional capacity to cope with excessive fuzziness,inconsistency,and inexactness through the decision-making *** main goal of this study is to come up with new operational laws for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft numbers(IVPFSNs)and create two interaction operators-the intervalvalued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted average(IVPFSIWA)and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft interaction weighted geometric(IVPFSIWG)operators,and analyze their *** operators are highly advantageous in addressing uncertain problems by considering membership and non-membership values within intervals,providing a superior solution to other ***,specialist judgments were calculated by the MCGDM technique,supporting the use of interaction AOs to regulate the interdependence and fundamental partiality of green supplier assessment ***,a statistical clarification of the planned method for green supplier selection is presented.

关键词： Interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set IVPFSIWA operator IVPFSIWG operator MCGDM SCM

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Experimental investigations of freezing soils at ground conditions of Astana, Kazakhstan

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2015年第4期7卷 399-406页

作者： Zhussupbekov askar Shakhmov Zhanbolat Faculty of Civil Engineering L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University

Kazakhstan regions is seasonal climatic with transient freezing of soil ground during the winter. Roadbed integrity is important to resist the sustained load transmitted by traffic on the road surface. Freezing of soil ground could significantly influence roadbed integrity in the seasonal freezing climate of Kazakhstan. The proper determination magnitude of frost heave and heaving pressure by the influence of freezing temperatures during the winter season are necessary for design and construction of highways. Thus, experimental tests were conducted on specimens obtained from Astana （Kazakhstan） to determine the freezing pressure and magnitude of frost heaving.

关键词： frost depth frost susceptibility frost heaving

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Improvement of visual acuity based on optical coherence tomography patterns following intravitreal bevacizumab treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第2期7卷 251-255页

作者： Haider R.Cheema Ahmed Al Habash Essam Al-askar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin 1 Ireland Department of Ophthalmology University of Dammam Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital

AIMTo report the visual outcome based on various patterns of optical coherence tomography (OCT) morphology in diabetic macular edema (DME), following treatment with anti-VEGF intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection.

关键词： optical coherence tomography diabetic macular edema intravitreal injection bevacizumab

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A Mathematical Approach for Generating a Highly Non-Linear Substitution Box Using Quadratic Fractional Transformation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2565-2578页

作者： Abid Mahboob Muhammad Asif Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain Imran Saddique Hijaz Ahmad Sameh askar Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot Campus51310Pakistan School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele IIRoma39-00186Italy Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Nowadays,one of the most important difficulties is the protection and privacy of confidential *** address these problems,numerous organizations rely on the use of cryptographic techniques to secure data from illegal activities and *** cryptographic ciphers use the non-linear component of block cipher to ensure the robust encryption process and lawful decoding of plain data during the decryption *** the designing of a secure substitution box(S-box),non-linearity(NL)which is an algebraic property of the S-box has great ***,the main focus of cryptographers is to achieve the S-box with a high value of *** this suggested study,an algebraic approach for the construction of 16×16 S-boxes is provided which is based on the fractional transformation Q(z)=1/α(z)^(m)+β(mod257)and finite *** technique is only applicable for the even number exponent in the range(2-254)that are not multiples of ***,we choose a quadratic fractional transformation,swap each missing element with repeating elements,and acquire the initial *** the second stage,a special permutation of the symmetric group S256 is utilized to construct the final S-box,which has a higher NL score of 112.75 than the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)S-box and a lower linear probability score of *** addition,a tabular and graphical comparison of various algebraic features of the created S-box with many other S-boxes from the literature is provided which verifies that the created S-box has the ability and is good enough to withstand linear and differential *** different analyses,it is ensured that the proposed S-boxes are better than as compared to the existing *** these S-boxes can be utilized in the security of the image data and the text data.

关键词： Block cipher S-box data security fractional transformation

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Explainable Conformer Network for Detection of COVID-19 Pneumonia from Chest CT Scan: From Concepts toward Clinical Explainability

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1171-1187页

作者： Mohamed Abdel-Basset Hossam Hawash Mohamed Abouhawwash S.S.askar Alshaimaa A.Tantawy Faculty of Computers and Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Computational Mathematics Scienceand Engineering(CMSE)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The early implementation of treatment therapies necessitates the swift and precise identification of COVID-19 pneumonia by the analysis of chest CT *** study aims to investigate the indispensable need for precise and interpretable diagnostic tools for improving clinical decision-making for COVID-19 *** paper proposes a novel deep learning approach,called Conformer Network,for explainable discrimination of viral pneumonia depending on the lung Region of Infections(ROI)within a single modality radiographic CT ***,an efficient U-shaped transformer network is integrated for lung image ***,a robust transfer learning technique is introduced to design a robust feature extractor based on pre-trained lightweight Big Transfer(BiT-L)and finetuned on medical data to effectively learn the patterns of infection in the input ***,this work presents a visual explanation method to guarantee clinical explainability for decisions made by Conformer *** evaluation of real-world CT data demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of ourmodel outperforms cutting-edge studies with statistical *** Conformer Network achieves 97.40% of detection accuracy under cross-validation *** model not only achieves high sensitivity and specificity but also affords visualizations of salient features contributing to each classification decision,enhancing the overall transparency and trustworthiness of our *** findings provide obvious implications for the ability of our model to empower clinical staff by generating transparent intuitions about the features driving diagnostic decisions.

关键词： Deep learning COVID-19 multi-modal medical image fusion diagnostic image fusion

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