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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2012年第1期2卷 82-92页

作者： Abbas Khan Iram Bibi Seemab Pervaiz khalid mahmood Mohammad Siddiq Mohammad Siddiq Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The associative properties of methoxy (CH3O-) ended E58B11 and hydroxyl (-OH) ended E56B19 oxyethylene-oxybuty- lene diblock copolymers in aqueous solution at different temperature are reported in this paper. For both copolymers, E represents an oxyethylene (-[CH2CH2O]-) unit and B an oxybutylene (-[CH(C2H5)CH2O]-) unit while the subscripts denote the number average block length. Surface tension measurements were used to find out surface excess concentrations (Γm), area per molecule (αs1 ) at air/water interface and Gibbs free energy for adsorption (△G0ads ) for the pre-micellar region at four temperatures. Likewise thermodynamic parameters of micellization such as, critical micelle concentrations (CMC), enthalpy of micellization (△H0mic ), standard free energy of micellization (△G0mic) and entropy of micellization (△S0mic ), were also obtained using surface tension measurements. Solution densities were used to deter-mine the partial specific volume of micelle ( Vmic) and micellar density (ρmic). Dilute solution viscosities have been used to estimate the intrinsic viscosities [η], solute-solvent interaction parameter (KH) and hydration value of micelle (Wh) at various temperatures. The effect of temperature on the micelle properties is also discussed.

关键词： Block Copolymers Adsorption Micellization Surface Tension Density Viscosity

The thermoanalytical, infrared and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometric sifting of poly (methyl methacrylate) in the presence of phosphorus tribromide

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Natural Science 2010年第4期2卷 307-319页

作者： Muhammad Arshad khalid Masud Muhammad arif Saeed-ur Rehman Jamshed H. Zaidi Muhammad arif Aamer Saeed Tariq Yasin 不详

The behaviour of poly(methyl methacrylate) was examined in the presence of phosphorus tri-bromide (PBr3) with varying concentrations. Films were cast from common solvent and subjected to TG, DTA, DTG, IR and Py-GC-MS for evaluating the degradation routes. Despite early decomposition of the blends, certain tempera-ture zones were identified for stabilization of the system. New products were found and mecha-nisms of their formation were proposed. Pyro-lysis of the blends was also carried out at dif-ferent temperatures to ascertain the nature of interaction between the constituents of the system.

关键词： PMMA PBr3 Thermoanalytical Study IR Spectroscopy GC-MS Investigation

Spectrum of Diseases, Disease Related Mortality and Overall Financial Burden of Hospitalized Patients in Medical Wards of Tertiary Care Public Hospital

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2017年第4期7卷 337-348页

作者： Iftikhar Haider Naqvi khalid mahmood Abu Talib Syed Muhammad Kashif Ali Sajjad Department of Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan

Background: Detailed assessment of pattern of diseases and trend of mortalities tends to aid in formulating pivotal aspects of in-hospital policies, standards of care and so consequently promoting efficient work system. This also reserves limited resources keeping within the limit of financial grasp. The study aims to reimburse the colossal paucity of data covering epidemiological burden of diseases, impact on mortality as well as financial burden in socioeconomically challenged public health system. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional hospital based study conducted in department of Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, from February 2016 to July 2016 using questionnaire based data collection system. Results: Eight thousand and fifty three (8053) cases with almost equal gender proportion were analyzed. Chronic liver disease (CLD) was the most rampant disease, followed by cerebrovascular accident (CVA), tuberculosis and diabetes. Overall 51% cases were attributed to infectious diseases. Overall the average percentage mortality was found to be 20% of all cases. Mean duration of stay was 7.56 ± 7 days. Estimated average total in-hospital expenditure per patient on each visit or stay was 159.15 ± 41.2 $USD (16670.96 ± 4315.7 PKR). Average total diagnostic and medications costs per visit or stay were 89.74 ± 31.2 $USD (9400.26 ± 3268.2 PKR) and 48.68 ± 18.0 $USD (5099.23 ± 1885.5 PKR) respectively. Conclusion: Chronic liver disease, cerebrovascular accident and diabetes were most frequent reasons of hospital admission and mortality. Recognition of most common and fatal diseases with their expenditure is going to lead to formulation of targeted policies both of which would be effective and efficient.

关键词： Communicable Diseases Mortality Health Economics Epidemiology Infectious Diseases

Detection of Babesia bovis in blood samples and its effect on the hematological and serum biochemical profile in large ruminants from Southern Punjab

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第2期2卷 104-108页

作者： Samreen Zulfiqar Sadia Shahnawaz Muhammad Ali arif mahmood Bhutta Shahid Iqbal Sikandar Hayat Shazia Qadir Muhammad Latif Nazia Kiran Ali Saeed Muhammad Ali Furhan Iqbal Institute of Pure and Applied Biology.Zoology Division Bahauddin Zakariya University Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University Institute of Biotechnology Bahauddin Zakariya University

Objective:To determine the presence of Babesia bovis(***)in large ruminants in southern Punjab and its effect on hematological and serum biochemical profile of host ***:Blood samples were collected from 144 large ruminants,including 105 cattle and 39 buffaloes,from six flistricts in southern Punjab including Multan,Layyali,Muzaffar Garh,*** and *** on the characteristics of animals and herds were collected through *** blood(hemoglobin,glucose)and serum(***,***,cholesterol)parameters of calves and cattle were measured and compared between parasite positive and negative samples to demonstrate the effect of *** on the blood and serological profile of infected ***:27 out of 144 animals,from 5 out of 6 sampling districts,produced the541-bp fragment specific for *** of animals(P=0.02),presence of ticks on animals(P=0.04)and presence of ticks on dogs associated with herds(P=0.5)were among the major risk factors involved in the spread of bovine babesiosis in the study *** concentrations were the only serum biochemical values that significantly varied between parasite positive and negative ***:This study has reported for the first time the presence of *** in large ruminant and the results can lead to the prevention of babesiosis in the region to increase the livestock output.

关键词： Babesia bovis PCR amplification Cattle Hematology Serum biochemistry Ruminant Babesiosis Serological profile

Dielectric Properties of Multi-Layers Hexagonal Boron Nitride

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第6期11卷 339-346页

作者： M. Fazail khalid Ibtisam Riaz Rashid Jalil Usamah mahmood Rehan Rahat Mir Hafiz Amir Sohail Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

A higher value of the dielectric constant of h-BN makes it quite favourable material in energy storing device. The variation in dielectric constant was observed as a function of thickness. In this research work multilayers of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) was fabricated by using the Chemical exfoliation method. Two solvents Dimethylformamide (DMF) and Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) were used for the exfoliation of h-BN. Successful sonication of hexagonal boron nitride led to the formation of Boron Nitride nanosheets (BNNs). The stable dispersibility of h-BN in Dimethylformamide and Isopropyl Alcohol was confirmed by UV Visible Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the mono crystallite structure (002) and nanoflakes like morphology of h-BN respectively. This appropriate strategy offered a feasible route to produce multilayer of hexagonal boron nitride. After the successful fabrication of h-BN multilayers its dielectric properties were calculated by using LCR meter. Profilometer revealed the variation in thickness and value of Dielectric constant was calculated by using its formula.

关键词： Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) Boron Nitride Nanosheets (BNNs) Dimethylformamide (DMF) Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)

Sedimentology of Marl and Marly Limestone Sequence of Upper Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation from Northern Kalachitta Range, Attock Hazara Fold and Thrust Belt, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第1期9卷 1-14页

作者： Saif Ur Rehman khalid Mehmood Muhammad Fahad Ullah Naveed Ahsan Faisal Rehman Tariq mahmood Mahboob Ahmed Department of Earth Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan Oil and Gas Development Corporation Limited Islamabad Pakistan

Upper Cretaceous Kawagarh Formation is well exposed in the Attock Hazara Fold and Thrust Belt (AHFTB) and shows significant lateral and vertical variations in lithology. The present work deals with the sedimentological studies of marl and marly limestone sequence of Kawagarh Formation exposed at the Bagh Neelab, Ghariala north and Sojhanda villages in Northern Kalachitta Range. Detailed petrographic studies of marly limestone and hard marl substrate show that planktons and oysters are the main skeletal constituents of studied samples and clay and detrital quartz mainly composed the non skeletal fraction. X-Ray diffraction analyses of selected marl samples confirm the petrographic data. On the basis of skeletal and non skeletal content, two microfacies—marl microfacies and Planktonic microfacies are constructed. The faunal content, their paleoecology and detrital content of microfacies suggest that marl and marly limestone sequence of Kawagarh Formation was deposited over the mid and outer ramp settings.

关键词： Attock Hazara Fold & Thrust Belt Fauna Kalachitta Range Microfacies Ramp

A New Attempt to Neutrosophic Soft Bi-Topological Spaces

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1565-1585页

作者： arif Mehmood Muhammad Aslam Muhammad Imran Khan Humera Qureshi Choonkil Park Jung Rye Lee Department of Mathematics&Statistics Riphah International UniversitySector I-14Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics(Statistics) University of HaripurHaripur22630Pakistan Research Institute for Natural Sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea Department of Data Science Daejin UniversityKyunggi11159Korea

In this article,new generalized neutrosophic soft∗b open set is introduced in neutrosophic soft bi-topological structurers(NSBTS)concerning soft points of the *** new set is produced by making the marriage of soft semi-open set with soft pre-open set in neutrosophic soft topological *** ample of results are investigated in NSBTS on the basis of this new neutrosophic soft∗b open *** examples are settled for justification of these *** non-validity of some results is vindicated with examples.

关键词： Neutrosophic soft set(NSS) neutrosophic soft points(NSP) neutrosophic soft bi-topological structurers(NSBTS) neutrosophic soft∗b-open set and neutrosophic soft∗b-separation axioms

Growth, Yield and Quality Performance of Pearl Millet (<i>Pennisetum americanum</i>L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2215-2223页

作者： mahmood Ul Hassan Azraf-ul-Haq Ahmad Shahid Ibni Zamir Ihtishamul Haq Farhan khalid Tassadduq Rasool Adil Hussain Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Livestock industry of Pakistan is expanding day by day. To meet its growing demand high fodder yielding and nutritious varieties of fodder crops are needed. Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) is an excellent choice for this purpose. In order to explore the possibility of the better yield potential varieties of pearl millet performed in a good manner under agro ecological conditions of Faisalabad during the year 2012. A field experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Randomized complete block design was used with three replications;the net plot size was 1.8 m × 6 m. The experiment was comprised of nine millet varieties named Cholistani Bajra, Barani Bajra, MB-87, Sargodha Bajra 2011, 18-BY, Super Bajra-1, PARC-MS-2, 86-M-52 and FB-822. All other agronomic practices were kept normal and constant. Data on yield and yield components were recorded by standard procedure. Significant results were recorded among the varieties for forage growth and yield. The variety 86-M-52 produced maximum forage and dry matter yield because of more number of leaves (14), leaf area (3540.1 cm2) followed by Sargodha Bajra-2011. All cultivars have statistically significant differences in respect of quality characteristics. However, non-significant differences were observed among cultivars regarding ash contents. The cultivar Sargodha Bajra-2011 has the highest crude protein (10.347%) and the cultivar FB-822 has the minimum crude protein percentage (6.733%). While PARC-MS-2 has the highest crude fiber percentage (34.667%) but variety MB-87 has the minimum crude fiber (24.333%). Variety 86-M-52 proved better for getting higher forage yield followed by Sargodha Bajra-2011 than all other varieties. Sargodha Bajra-2011 is the best cultivar that performed well in respect of quality parameters under irrigated conditions of Faisalabad.

关键词： Forage Fiber Varieties Quality

Iron-deficiency anemia. A study of risk factors among adult population of Quetta Valley

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Health 2012年第9期4卷 607-611页

作者： khalid mahmood Hasan Salman Siddiqi Ashif Sajjad Sohail Shoukat Zahid Mehmood Amir Wasim Alia B. Munshi Center for Environmental Studies PCSIR Labs Complex Karachi Pakistan Department of Chemistry University of Baluchistan Quetta Pakistan Department of Medicine Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta Pakistan Institute of Biochemistry University of Baluchistan Quetta Pakistan

Risk factors for iron deficiency anemia among the adult population of the Quetta valley have been investigated. Anemic adult patients, both males and females, who were admitted in the Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta, were invited to participate in this study. After detailed history and examination, preliminary blood tests including full blood counts, platelets count, retics count, absolute blood values and blood film examination were done. A clinical diagnosis was made based upon the findings of history, examination and blood tests. In patients suspected to have iron deficiency anemia, serum iron studies (i.e. serum iron, Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and serum ferritin) were done to confirm the diagnosis. Among the selected anemic patients, 60% were iron deficiency anemic, while 40% were non-iron deficiency anemic. Iron deficiency anemia was more common among females than males, as 70% patients were female and 30% were male. The risk factors were found to be pregnancy (40%), nutritional inadequacy (17%), menorrhagia (9%), hemorrhoids (9%), hook worms (8%), hematuria (2%) and blood loss due to various gastro-intestinal pathologies (15%).

关键词： Anemia Iron Deficiency Risk Factors Quetta Valley

基于静稳天气下气球探空实验的中国沙漠地区沙尘气溶胶的垂直分布（英文）

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2019年第1期12卷 12-20页

作者： HABIB Ammara CHEN Bin SHI Guangyu IWASAKA Yasunobu NATH Debashis khalid Bushra TAN Saichun mahmood Tariq JIAO Reguang NTWALI Didier Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Kanazawa Univeristy Department of Environmental Science International Islamic University International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics

塔克拉玛干沙漠是亚洲沙尘气溶胶的重要源地。为探讨塔克拉玛干地区沙尘气溶胶的理化特性与时空变化,研究其环境与气候效应,本文分析了四个季节在中国敦煌(塔克拉玛干沙漠内)取得的探空气球观测数据,包括气溶胶的数浓度、粒径分布、质... 详细信息

塔克拉玛干沙漠是亚洲沙尘气溶胶的重要源地。为探讨塔克拉玛干地区沙尘气溶胶的理化特性与时空变化,研究其环境与气候效应,本文分析了四个季节在中国敦煌(塔克拉玛干沙漠内)取得的探空气球观测数据,包括气溶胶的数浓度、粒径分布、质量浓度及在西风主导下的水平输送通量。气溶胶数浓度的垂直廓线显示,来自沙漠地区的矿物粒子对局地环境与气候有重要影响,且所有季节都存在长距离输送。粒子谱分布显示局地有大量粗粒子输入。结果说明,源于塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘气溶胶的背景输送有着重要的科学意义,需进一步研究其对东亚和西太平洋地区环境与气候的影响。

关键词：气溶胶光学粒子计数器气球观测敦煌