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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第11期9卷 1602-1611页

作者： XIE Fu-ti ZHANG Hui-jun WANG Hai-ying ao xue St. Martin Steven K Agricultural College Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 P.R.China Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210-1086. USA

Understanding the changes in agronomic and physiological traits associated with yield genetic gain is important for soybean production and future breeding strategy. The objective of this study was to compare the older and modern cultivars to learn whether the yield improvements depend on preplant fertilizer or the plant productivity improvement, A set of older cultivars, with their modern counterparts derived from breeding programs in Liaoning and Ohio were evaluated for their agronomic and physiological traits under different fertilizer levels from 2004 to 2006. There was no improvement of response to N and P preplant fertilizer for genotypes. After more than 70 yr breeding, soybean breeders made some improvements in agronomic and physiological traits that contribute to yield increase. When compared to older cultivar, modern Liaoning and Ohio cultivars were shorter and more resistance to lodging, had greater leaf density, higher harvest index, more leaf area per plant, and greater photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance at the beginning of seed development. Ohio cultivars were more resistant to lodging as if selected for easy harvest by combine, even under high N and P preplant fertilizer level, which resulted in Ohio cultivars with higher and stable yield productivity.

关键词： soybean [Giycine max (L.) Merr.] fertilizer agronomic trait physiology breeding

Rural labor migration and farmers’arrangements of rice production systems in Central China:Insight from the intergenerational division of labor

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3200-3214页

作者： xue Shen Quanyu Yang Rongjun ao Shengsheng Gong Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&Simulation of Hubei Province/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Rice production is crucial for food security in China,and its relationship with rural labor migration has been studied *** migration in rural China has taken new forms in recent *** has been a discernible trend wherein adult children have started migrating to cities while their elderly parents return to villages to re-engage in on-farm *** phenomenon has notably shaped the intergenerational division of labor(IDL)within ***,it remains to be seen how farmers adjust their rice production systems in response to the *** age of 60 years for employment injury insurance is the eligibility threshold for off-farm employment and is used to obtain a source of exogenous variation in the *** on a representative household survey of 1,752 rice farmers in the Hubei Province of Central China,our fuzzy regression discontinuity analysis reveals that farmers in IDL households are more likely to adopt ratoon rice(RR)than single cropping rice(SR)or double cropping rice(DR).The effect of the IDL varies under different levels of operational scales and specialized agricultural service *** analysis suggests that farmers’arrangements are associated with two potential mechanisms of downward intergenerational *** transfer for urban housing purchases increases RR in IDL households,and time transfer for intergenerational childcare significantly promotes SR in IDL *** study enhances the understanding of the relationship between rural labor migration and rice production in China,providing a reference for adjusting rice production systems to ensure food security.

关键词： labor migration intergenerational division of labor rice production systems fuzzy regression discontinuity Central China

Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第10期18卷 2242-2254页

作者： ZHU Qian KONG Ling-jian SHAN Yu-zi Yao Xing-dong ZHANG Hui-jun XIE Fu-ti ao xue Soybean Research Institute Agronomy College Shenyang Agricultural University

This study was conducted with two soybean cultivars, Liaodou 13 (L13, phosphorus (P)-efficient) and Tiefeng 3 (T3, P-inefficient), to investigate the effects of biochar on soybean yield and photosynthetic physiological parameters, at four biochar application rates (0, 1, 5, and 10%, w/w), and two fertilization treatments (0 and 150 kg ha–1). Grain yield, plant biomass, P accumulation, leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll index (Chl), nitrogen balance index (NBI), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and sucrose synthase (SS) activities, soluble sugar, sucrose and starch contents, and leaf area duration (LAD) were measured. Biochar had positive effects on Pn, Chl, NBI, SPS, and SS activities, and leaf soluble sugar, sucrose, and starch contents of both genotypes, these effects increased with biochar application rate. L13 benefited more efficiently from biochar than T3 did, as the grain yield of L13 significantly increased by 31.0 and 51.0%, at 5 and 10% biochar, respectively, while that of T3 increased by 40.4 at 10% biochar application rate, as compared with controls. The combined application of biochar and fertilizer boosted the positive effects described, but no difference was found for grain yield in L13 among biochar application rates, while grain yield of T3 continually increased with biochar rate, among which, 1% biochar combined with 150 kg ha–1 fertilizer resulted in T3 yield increment of more than 23%, compared with the application of 150 kg ha–1 fertilizer alone. Altogether, our results indicated that the application of biochar enhanced carbon assimilation in soybean, resulting in increased biomass accumulation and yield. Differences in genotypic responses to biochar highlight the need to consider specific cultivars and biochar rate, when evaluating the potential responses of crops to biochar.

关键词： biochar P efficiency photosynthesis soybean yield

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of semi-solid squeeze casting AZ91D

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China Foundry 2020年第3期17卷 219-226页

作者： Zhi-yong You ao-xue Jiang Zhuang-zheng Duan Gang-ping Qiao Jing-lei Gao Ling-bing Guo College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Huaxiang Group Co. Ltd.Linfen 011600China

Semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy billets were prepared by near-liquidus heat ***-solid squeeze casting was conducted at 575,585 and 595℃,respectively,with 1 mm·s^-1 squeeze *** semisolid squeeze casting AZ91D samples were heat treated by T4(solution at 415℃for 24 h)and T6(solution at 415℃for 24 h+220℃for 8 h)processes,*** microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy in different states were investigated by means of OM,SEM and tensile testing *** results show that compared to as-cast alloy,the grain size of the semi-solid squeezed AZ91D decreased significantly,and with the increase of semi-solid squeeze temperature,the grain size of AZ91D *** grains of the alloy were refined by T4 treatment,and further refined by T6 treatment.T6 treatment greatly improved the tensile strength,elongation,and hardness,but did not significantly improve yield *** 575℃squeeze casting and T6 treatment,the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)reached 285 MPa,the elongation reached 13.36%,and the hardness also reached the maximum(106.8 HV),but the yield strength(YS)was only 180 *** the process of semi-solid squeeze casting and heat treatment,the matrix grain was refined and a large number of precipitated and secondary precipitated phases of Mg17Al12 *** the average size of matrix grain and secondary precipitated phase decreased,while the volume fraction of secondary precipitated phase *** these resulted in high tensile strength,elongation and hardness.

关键词： AZ91D semi-solid squeeze casting solution aging treatment microstructure mechanical properties

Effects of SiC_(p) on microstructures of semi-solid extruded AZ91D magnesium alloys in recrystallization process

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China Foundry 2021年第6期18卷 565-573页

作者： ao-xue Jiang Zhi-yong You Zhuang-zheng Duan Gang-ping Qiao Jin-shan Zhang Ling-bing Guo College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Huaxiang Group Co. Ltd.Linfen 041000ShanxiChina

AZ91 D and 8.5 vol.%SiC_(p)/AZ91 D magnesium matrix composites were fabricated by a semi-solid extruded processing method,and treated with solution and aging heat *** effects of SiC_(p)on the microstructures of the semi-solid extruded AZ91 D magnesium alloy during recrystallization were studied by observing and analyzing the microstructure evolution during extrusions and heat *** results show that the addition of SiC_(p)inhibits the dynamic recrystallization of AZ91 D during the semi-solid extrusion with only 26% of the volume fraction of ***,the addition of SiC_(p)refines the sizes of grains and second phases,and upgrades the volume fraction of second *** solution and aging treatment,the recrystallization continues,and the addition of SiC_(p)promotes the recrystallization and the recrystallized microstructure is much more ***,the sizes of grains and second phases continue to be refined,and the volume fraction of second phases continues to increase.

关键词： SiC_(p)/AZ91D composites semi-solid extrusion recrystallization microstructure

基于ERG理论的免疫检查点抑制剂治疗癌症患者护理需求方案的构建

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护理学报 2024年第7期31卷 1-5页

作者：陈芮王梅唐晓霞朱傲雪毛惠娜南方医科大学珠江医院护理部广东广州510280 南方医科大学珠江医院肿瘤内科广东广州510280 南方医科大学护理学院广东广州510515

目的构建免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者护理需求方案,为提高患者生活质量、治疗依从性和降低不良反应发生率提供借鉴。方法成立研究小组,前期调查研究和文献调研结合生存-成长-关系(ERG)需要理论初步拟定免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症... 详细信息

目的构建免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者护理需求方案,为提高患者生活质量、治疗依从性和降低不良反应发生率提供借鉴。方法成立研究小组,前期调查研究和文献调研结合生存-成长-关系(ERG)需要理论初步拟定免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者护理需求方案,通过2轮德尔菲专家函询修订方案条目,确定最终方案。结果2轮专家函询问卷回收率均为100%;专家权威系数为0.845和0.862;肯德尔和谐系数为0.205和0.157(P<0.001)。最终方案包括6个1级指标、12个2级指标、39个3级指标。结论本研究基于ERG理论构建的免疫检查点抑制剂治疗癌症患者护理需求方案,具有可靠性、针对性和科学性,可为接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者的需求支持护理提供一定参考价值。

关键词：癌症免疫检查点抑制剂免疫治疗需求支持德尔菲法

Screening and identification of soybean varieties with high phosphorus efficiency at seedling stage

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Oil Crop Science 2021年第1期6卷 41-49页

作者： Hui Wang Ahui Yang Guang Yang Hongyu Zhao Futi Xie Huijun Zhang Haiying Wang xue ao College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina

In order to simplify the workload and find a reliable method for screening soybeans with different phosphorus(P)efficiencies,47 soybean varieties were screened from 90 varieties according to yield under normal phosphorus,and 10 indicators including root phenotype,phosphorus utilization efficiency at the seedling stage and yield were *** single-index cluster analysis,the performance value and relative value of the abovementioned indexes under low-phosphorus conditions were analyzed,and then,the combined indexes were analyzed by principal components *** membership function method and the cluster analysis method was used to calculate and analyze the comprehensive score *** indexes of root P utilization efficiency(X_(1)),relative value of root P utilization efficiency(X_(2)),and root volume(X_(3))under low P at the seedling stage were selected as the most consistent with the yield screening results under low P condition,and the mathematical model of the comprehensive score value was obtained:D=1.218X_(1)t 0.320X_(2)t 0.007X_(3)-0.664(P=0.000,R^(2)=1.000).The comprehensive score can screen and identify the P efficiency of soybeans with fewer indexes in the early growth stages,which provides a more rapid and reliable mathematical model for screening and identifying a larger number of germplasm resources for P efficiency.

关键词： Soybean Low phosphorus stress Seedling stage Phosphorus efficiency

Formation characteristics of long-term memory in Bactrocera dorsalis

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 829-843页

作者： Jin-Xin Yu Yan-Min Hui Jun-ao xue Jia-Bao Qu Si-Quan Ling Wei Wang Xin-Nian Zeng Jia-Li Liu Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Insect Behavior Regulation College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protectionand UtilizationGuangdong Academyof ForestryGuangzhouChina

Studies on insects have contributed significantly to a better understanding of learning and memory,which is a necessary cognitive capability for all *** the formation of memory has been studied in some model insects,more evidence is required to clarify the characteristics of memory formation,especially long-term memory(LTM),which is important for reliably storing ***,we explored this question by examining Bactrocera dorsalis,an agricultural pest with excellent learning *** the classical conditioning paradigm of the olfactory proboscis extension reflex(PER),we found that paired conditioning with multiple trials(>3)spaced with an intertrial interval(≥10 min)resulted in stable memory that lasted for at least 3 ***,even a single conditioning trial was sufficient for the formation of a 2-d *** the injection of protein inhibitors,protein-synthesis-dependent memory was confirmed to start 4 h after training,and its dependence on translation and transcription ***,the results revealed that the dependence of memory on protein translation exhibited a time-window effect(4-6 h).Our findings provide an integrated view of LTM in insects,suggesting common mechanisms in LTM formation that play a key role in the biological basis of memory.

关键词： Bactrocera dorsalis interval long-term memory protein synthesis trial

Overexpression of IbSINA5 Increases Cold Tolerance through a CBF SINA-COR Mediated Module in Sweet Potato

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第3期90卷 761-772页

作者： Shiyang Li xue-ao Liu Lizi Zhao Huiqing Huang Bei Li Zhizhong Song Meixia Liang Hongxia Zhang Limin Wang Shenglin Zhou Shandong Technology and Business University Yantai264005China The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China School of Life Sciences Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Seven in absentia(SINA)family proteins play a central role in plant growth,development and resistance to abiotic ***,their biological function in plant response to cold stress is still largely *** this work,a seven in absentia gene IbSINA5 was isolated from sweet *** real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)analyses demonstrated that IbSINA5 was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and organs of sweet potato,with a predominant expression in fibrous roots,and was remarkably induced by cold,drought and salt *** localization assays revealed that IbSINA5-GFP fusion protein was mainly localized in cytoplasm and *** of IbSINA5 in sweet potato led to dramatically improved resistance to cold stress in transgenic plants,which was associated with the up-regulated expression of IbCOR(cold-regulated)genes,increased proline production,and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)and H2O2 accumulation in the leaves of transgenic ***,transient expression of IbCBF3,a C-repeat binding factor(CBF)gene,in the leaf protoplasts of wild type sweet potato plants up-regulated the expression of both IbSINA5 and IbCOR *** results suggest that IbSINA5 could function as a positive regulator in the cold signaling pathway through a CBF-SINA-COR mediated module in sweet potato,and have a great potential to be used as a candidate gene for the future breeding of new plant species with improved cold resistance.

关键词： Cold stress IbSINA5 seven in absentia sweet potato transgenic plant

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辽宁省精细化暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估与预评估

气象科技 2024年第3期52卷 403-414页

作者：敖雪翟晴飞赵春雨周晓宇崔妍李经纬李明倩辽宁省气候中心沈阳110166 辽宁省气象信息中心沈阳110166

基于辽宁省61个国家气象站1961—2020年和998个区域自动气象观测站建站至2020年逐小时、逐日降水资料,分析了辽宁省暴雨洪涝灾害主要致灾因子,计算了暴雨洪涝孕灾环境指标,完成了辽宁省暴雨洪涝灾害危险性评估。结果表明:暴雨洪涝高危... 详细信息

基于辽宁省61个国家气象站1961—2020年和998个区域自动气象观测站建站至2020年逐小时、逐日降水资料,分析了辽宁省暴雨洪涝灾害主要致灾因子,计算了暴雨洪涝孕灾环境指标,完成了辽宁省暴雨洪涝灾害危险性评估。结果表明:暴雨洪涝高危险性地区主要位于丹东;暴雨洪涝灾害人口高风险区主要位于沈阳和大连市区;经济高风险区主要位于大连和盘锦市区;水稻、玉米高风险区主要位于锦州、盘锦和丹东。利用辽宁省无缝隙智能网格预报数据对2022年7月28—29日的暴雨过程灾害风险进行了预评估,发现暴雨灾害危险性高值区域主要分布在朝阳、葫芦岛以及辽宁中部。暴雨灾害可能造成的人口、经济高风险区域主要位于辽宁西部和中部地区;暴雨灾害可能造成的水稻和玉米高风险区主要位于沈阳、铁岭和朝阳北部等地区。预计高风险区主要影响人口约为449万人,经济损失约为1432万元,受影响的水稻面积约为1.028万公顷、玉米面积约为1.798万公顷。通过灾后效果检验,发现预评估模型效果良好,可在实际的暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估业务中使用。

关键词：精细化暴雨洪涝风险预评估辽宁省