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Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation supporting European society for medical oncology clinical practice guidelines

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Oncology Research 2024年第5期32卷 807-815页

作者： MARKO SKELiN BRUNA PERKOV-STiPiČiN SANJA VUŠKOViĆ MARiNAŠANDRK PLEHAČEK ane bašić DAViDŠARČEViĆ MAJA iLiĆ iVAN KREČAK Pharmacy Department General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia Faculty of Medicine University of RijekaRijekaCroatia Undergraduate Study in Nursing University of Applied SciencesŠibenikCroatia Department of Oncology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagrebCroatia Pharmacies Joukhadar Sveta NedeljaCroatia Pharmacies Prima Pharme ZagrebCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital ZadarZadarCroatia Pharmacy Department General Hospital PulaPulaCroatia Department of internal Medicine General Hospital ofŠibenik-Knin CountyŠibenikCroatia

background:The European Society for Medical Oncology(ESMO)guidelines are among the most comprehensive and widely used clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)***,the level of scientific evidence supporting ESMO CPG recommendations has not been systematically *** study assessed ESMO CPG levels of evidence(LOE)and grades of recommendations(GOR),as well as their trends over time across various cancer ***:We manually extracted every recommendation with the infectious Diseases Society of America(iDSA)classification from each *** examined the distribution of LOE and GOR in all available ESMO CPG guidelines across different topics and cancer ***:Among the 1,823 recommendations in the current CPG,30%were classified as LOEⅠ,and 43%were classified as GOR ***,there was a slight decrease in LOEⅠ(−2%)and an increase in the proportion of GOR A(+1%)in the current CPG compared to previous *** proportion of GOR A recommendations based on higher levels of evidence such as randomized trials(LOEⅠ–Ⅱ)shows a decrease(71%vs.63%,p=0.009)while recommendations based on lower levels of evidence(LOEⅢ–Ⅴ)show an increase(29%vs.37%,p=0.01)between previous and current *** the current versions,the highest proportion of LOEⅠ(42%)was found in recommendations related to pharmacotherapy,while the highest proportion of GOR A recommendations was found in the areas of pathology(50%)and diagnostic(50%)*** variability in LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations and their changes over time was observed across different cancer ***:One-third of the current ESMO CPG recommendations are supported by the highest level of *** well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to increase the proportion of LOEⅠand GOR A recommendations,ultimately leading to improved outcomes for cancer patients.

关键词： ESMO guidelines Clinical practice guidelines Level of evidence Grade of recommendation

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Calculating the Crystallite Size of Microsorum scolopendria AgCl Nanoparticles and Their Biological Activities

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 25-37页

作者： Christian Nanga Chick Mohammed Mahdaly Phillippe Belle Ebanda Kedi Kiuchi Sonoko Francois Eya’ane Meva Department of Materials and Life Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Sophia University Tokyo Japan Laboratory of innovative Nanostructured Material (NANO: C) Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Nanosciences African Network iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation Cape Town South Africa Department of Studies in Human Life Sciences Otsuma Womens University Tokyo Japan institute for inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry Heinrich-Heine-University Dsseldorf Dsseldorf Germany

in this work, AgCl nanoparticles were synthesized from Microsorum scolopendria (MS) aqueous extract and AgNO3 solution. Preliminary confirmation was a color change from a light brown to a dark-colored solution and a UV-Vis spectra surface plasmon resonance peak at 427 nm. Measured vibrational frequencies at 1713 cm1 and 1030 cm1 for C-O stretching of carboxylic acid or aliphatic ketone, and 1547 cm1 for possibly N-O stretching of nitro compounds by infrared (FTiR) analysis explain the possible biomaterial electronegative species or functional groups responsible for the reduction of Ag ( 1) to Ag (0) for the formation of MS-AgCl nanoparticles. XRD analysis studies revealed that these particles contained face-centered cubic crystallites of metallic AgCl of 100 % with an average calculated crystallite size range of 30.34 nm (SD = 5.10 nm) by Scherrers equation and a calculated crystallite size of 66.04 nm with a lattice strain of 0.00175 nm by Williamson Hall equation. The measured albumin denaturing activity of MS-AgCl nanoparticles gave an iC50 value of 26.70 g/mL and 1.35 g/mL for the positive control diclofenac. Additionally, the measured ability of phosphomolybdate complex formation, the antioxidant iC value of MS-AgCl nanoparticles was 35.29 g/mL, and positive control ascorbic acid was 13.91 g/mL. in all, using MS fern frond aqueous extracts, this preliminary work confirms MS-AgCl nanoparticles as potential therapeutic agents for oxidative stress, inflammatory problems, and related diseases.

关键词： Microsorum scolopendria SNPs iR UV-Vis Antioxidant

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Phytochemical Screening, Study of Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles from Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Leonard (Caesalpiniaceae)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 118-130页

作者： Ngoulé Charles Christian Eya’ane Meva François Sone Enone Bertin Ngo Nyobe Biwole Caroline Tankeu Séverin Elisée Songue Pascal Nguene Jean Pierre Etame-Loe Gisèle Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Biology of Plant Organisms Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

According to the World Health Organization, diabetes affects approximately 347 million people worldwide. its management is not within the reach of all social classes, therefore medicinal plants are still the first resort for many populations in Africa. The biological material used in this study was the trunk bark of Guibourtia tessmannii. 50 g of trunk bark powder were decocted in 500 ml of distilled water for 5 minutes were carried out. The method used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was an organometallic bio-reduction of silver nitrate salts mediated by various secondary metabolites contained in the plant extract. The study of the toxicity acute was conducted according to guideline 423 of the OECD protocol. The pharmacological activities were each carried out with 28 female rats divided into 7 groups of four rats. it was a question for the hypoglycemic activity of administering various doses of silver nanoparticles and other substances to the rats thirty minutes after the carbohydrate intake and for the anti-hyperglycemic activity of administering the same substances to the rats thirty minutes before the carbohydrate intake. The extraction yield was 8.76%. Only the alkaloid test was negative. After acute toxicity study, the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg. Blood sugar tests revealed that glibenclamide 5 mg/kg, which is the reference molecule, lowered blood sugar more than the other treatments applied in the other batches. it was followed by treatment with silver nanoparticles at a dose of 400 μg/kg in both tests. it was therefore concluded that silver nanoparticles from G. tessmannii are good for the formulation of improved traditional medicines and bring up their afficacity .

关键词： Guibourtia tessmannii Nanoparticles Hypoglycemia Anti-Hyperglycemia

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Recovery of carbon monoxide from flue gases by reactive absorption in ionic liquid imidazolium chlorocuprate(i): Mass transfer coefficients

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015年第5期23卷 769-774页

作者： Gabriel Zarca inmaculada Ortiz ane Urtiaga Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Universidad de Cantabria Av. Los Castros s/n.

Recovery of carbon monoxide from flue gases by selective absorption of carbon monoxide in an imidazolium chlorocuprate（l） ionic liquid is considered in this work as an alternative to the use of molecular volatile solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons. The present work evaluates the CO mass transfer rates from the gas phase to the ionic liquid solutions in the absence of chemical reaction. To that end, carbon dioxide was employed as an inert model gas and absorption experiments were performed to assess the influence of different process variables in a batch reactor with fiat gas-liquid interface. The experimental mass transfer coefficients showed significant var- iation with temperature, （3.4-10.9） × 10^-7 m·s^-1 between 293 and 313 K; stirring speed, （10.2- 33.1）× 10^-7 m.s 1 between 100 and 300 r·min^-1; and concentration of copper（1）, （6.6-10.2） × 10^-7 m·s^-1 between 0.25 and 2 mol· L^- 1. in addition, the mass transfer coefficients were eventually found to follow a poten- tial proportionality of the type kL ∝μ^-0.5 and the dimensionless correlation that makes the estimation of the mass transfer coefficients possible in the studied range of process variables was obtained： Sh=10^-2.64 Re^1.07 , Sc^0.75,These results constitute the first step in the kinetic analysis of the reaction between CO and imidazolium chlorocuprate（i） ionic liquid that determines the design of the separation units.

关键词： Carbon monoxide ionic liquid Copper(i)Reactive absorption Mass transfer kinetics Mass transfer coefficient Carbon dioxide

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The Chinese Dream： imagining China

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第4期8卷 585-595页

作者： ane Bislev Department of Culture and Global Studies Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark

This article will discuss how the official discourse on the Chinese Dream is transformed in the meeting with the public in China. The Chinese Dream will be discussed both as a political framing discourse and as a public communication campaign in order to understand how the very selective responsiveness to the central theme of the Chinese Dream, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation, influences the impact of the Dream discourse. An analysis of a selection of posts from Sina Weibo demonstrates how the Dream discourse contributes to national identity building, or in Benedict Anderson＇s words （in imagined communities： Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism, 1991）： to the imagined community that is China.

关键词： internet discourse · Public communication · The Chinese Dream ·Nation building

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Effect of wind damage on the habitat suitability of saproxylic species in a boreal forest landscape

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 879-889页

作者： ane Zubizarreta-Gerendiain Timo Pukkala Heli Peltola School of Forest Sciences Faculty of Science and ForestryUniversity of Eastern Finland

Many forest-dwelling species are dependent on deadwood. Sources of deadwood include competition- and senescence-related mortality of trees, and various damages. This study described a methodology for predicting the effect of wind damage on the amount of deadwood and suitability of the forest for saproxylic species. The methodology was used in a forested boreal landscape of 360 ha to analyze the effects of wind damage on the habitat quality for 27 groups of saproxylic species differing in their requirements for the species, size and decay stage of deadwood objects. A reference plan maximized net present value (MaxNPV) while others either minimized or maximized height differences between adjacent stands. Maximization of height differences resulted in high amount of wind damage and deadwood while minimizing height differences minimized wind damage and the amount of damage-related deadwood. The fourth plan maximized the average habitat suitability index (HSi) of the 27 groups of saproxylic species. The plans were compiled with and without even-flow harvesting constraints for three 10-year periods. Maximization of height differences between adjacent stands resulted in higher HSi values than obtained in the MaxNPV plan or in the plan than minimized height differences between adjacent stands. The average HSi of shade-demanding species correlated negatively with the amount of harvested timber. No strong correlations were found for light-demanding and indifferent species.

关键词： Biodiversity Habitat suitability index Deadwood Wind disturbance Optimization Simulated annealing

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Platelet-rich plasma,an adjuvant biological therapy to assist peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第1期12卷 47-52页

作者： Mikel Sánchez ane Garate Diego Delgado Sabino Padilla Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Hospital Vithas San JoseVitoria-GasteizSpain Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA BTi Biotechnology institute Vitoria-GasteizSpain

Therapies such as direct tension-free microsurgical repair or transplantation of a nerve autograft,are nowadays used to treat traumatic peripheral nerve injuries（PNi）,focused on the enhancement of the intrinsic regenerative potential of injured ***,these therapies fail to recreate the suitable cellular and molecular microenvironment of peripheral nerve repair and in some cases,the functional recovery of nerve injuries is ***,new biomedical engineering strategies based on tissue engineering approaches through molecular intervention and scaffolding offer promising outcomes on the *** this sense,evidence is accumulating in both,preclinical and clinical settings,indicating that platelet-rich plasma products,and fibrin scaffold obtained from this technology,hold an important therapeutic potential as a neuroprotective,neurogenic and neuroinflammatory therapeutic modulator system,as well as enhancing the sensory and motor functional nerve muscle unit recovery.

关键词： peripheral nerve injuries(PNi) Schwann cells axons platelet-rich plasma biomolecules fibrin scaffold intraneural perineural microenvironment

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Characterisation of Na-metasomatism in the Sveconorwegian bamble Sector of South Norway

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 659-672页

作者： ane K.Engvika Peter M.ihlena Hakon Austrheimb Geological Survey of Norway.P.O.Box 6315 Sluppen.N-7491 TrondheimNorway Department of Geosciences.University of Oslo P.O.Box 1047 BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

Na-metasomatism in the form of albitisation is regionally extensive in the Precambrian crust of southern Scandinavia and is particularly widespread in the bamble Sector, the Kongsberg-Modum Sector and the Norwegian part of the Mylonite Zone. Sites of albitisation outside these belts are associated with hy- drothermal breccia pipes and fracture-bound alteration. The albitites are composed of near end-member sodic plagioclase （Ano 5Ab94-99） with minor carbonate （calcite and dolomite）, rutile, clinopyroxene （En30Fs21-23W047 49）, amphibole （edenite-pargasite）, quartz, titanite, tourmaline, epidote （Fe3＋ - 0.20 -0.85 a.p.f.u） and chlorite （Mg# = 0.81-0.89）. The albitites have been studied in detail in the region around the town of Kragem, and are described as albitisation along veins, as breccias, alhitic felsites, massive carbonate-bearing albitites and megascale clinopyroxene-titanite-bearing albitite. The strong fluid control on their formation is illustrated by the veining and mineral replacement reactions, showing fluid transport by a H20-CO2 fluid rich in Na, depleting Fe and Mg from the host rock, in accordance with calculated mass transfer. A study of the mineralogical replacement reactions in combination with a regional compilation has demonstrated the relationship between metasomatic processes and the for- mation of apatite, ruti｜e and Fe deposits. The albitites occur spatially associated with other metasomatic rocks such as scapolitised metagabbros. We document that metasomatism is an important mineral- and rock-forming process in the continental crust, which in the bamble Sector is a part of the tectonome- tamorphic evolution of the Sveconorwegian orogen.

关键词： AlbititeMetasomatismbamble SectorFluidsSveconorwegianSouth Norway

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Effect of Velocity Ratio,Viscosity Ratio,Contact Angle,and Channel Size Ratio on Droplet Formation

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第10期19卷 2471-2480页

作者： Mohammed Bourega ibrahim Kromba Khadidja Feah Arbi Soﬁane Souimane Biomedical Engineering Laboratory Abu Bakr Belkaid UniversityTlemcen13000Algeria

This study uses a T-junction to examine the effects of different parameters(velocity ratio,viscosity,contact angle,and channel size ratio)on the generation of microdroplets,related rate,and *** speciﬁcally,numerical simulations are exploited to investigate situations with a velocity varying from 0.004 to 1.6 m/s for the continuous phase and from 0.004 to 0.8 m/s for the dispersed phase,viscosity ratios(0.668,1,6.689,10,66.899),contact angle 80°ifferent canal size ratios(1,1.5,2 and 4).The results show that canal size inﬂuences droplet size and the generation *** contact angle has an impact on the form and the quality of generated ***,the relationship between velocity and viscosity ratios,droplet size,and generation rate is non-monotonic.

关键词： Microﬂuidics T-junction droplet generator droplet size droplet diameter generation rate

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Multi-resistant bacteria in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: A new step in management?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14079-14086页

作者： Angelo Alves de Mattos ane Micheli Costabeber Livia Caprara Lion?o Cristiane Valle Tovo Department of Gastroenterology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90430-080 Brasil

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is the most typical infection observed in cirrhosis patients. SBP is responsible for an in-hospital mortality rate of approximately 32%. Recently, pattern changes in the bacterial flora of cirrhosis patients have been observed, and an increase in the prevalence of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria has been noted. The wide-scale use of quinolones in the prophylaxis of SBP has promoted flora modifications and resulted in the development of bacterial resistance. The efficacy of traditionally recommended therapy has been low in nosocomial infections(up to 40%), and multi-resistance has been observed in up to 22% of isolated germs in nosocomial SBP. For this reason, the use of a broad empirical spectrum antibiotic has been suggested in these situations. The distinction between community-acquired infectious episodes, healthcare-associated infections, or nosocomial infections, and the identification of risk factors for multi-resistant germs can aid in the decision-making process regarding the empirical choice of antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, such as carbapenems with or without glycopeptides or piperacillin-tazobactam, should be considered for the initial treatment not only of nosocomial infections but also of healthcare-associated infections when the risk factors or severity signs for multi-resistant bacteria are apparent. The use of cephalosporins should be restricted to community-acquired infections.

关键词： Spontaneous peritonitis Multi-resistant bacteria Cirrhosis infection Ascites

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