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Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post‑weaning period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law Eduardo Rosa Medina Garcia Chad Hastad deborah Murray Pedro E.Urriola andres Gomez department of Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashion Pork 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Background Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare *** challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous *** is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig ***,the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic *** weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a standard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post-weaning(Pdifferences in community composition observed at d 21(R^(2)=0.03,P=0.04).When analyzing the effects of maternal parity within each treatment,only the Preb diet triggered significant microbiome distinc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu *** Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance

关键词： Aspergillus prebiotic Copper Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig microbiome Parity Swine microbiome Trace minerals Zinc

Ventriculo-atrial shunt with occlusion of the internal jugular vein: operative experience and surgical technique

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第2期10卷 1-8页

作者： Quintero Silvia Tatiana Ramirez-Velandia Felipe Moreno andres Felipe Hortua Vera Lina Rugeles Paula Gonzalez Rafael Augusto Azuero Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Clinica Medilaser S.A.S. Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Santander Colombia Neurology and Neurosurgery Research Group Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá D.C. Colombia Universidad Industrial de Santander Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Colombia Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Colombia Clinica Chicamocha Bucaramanga Santander Colombia

Background Ventricular shunts are one of the most frequent techniques used for the management of hydrocephalus. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is the most commonly performed procedure, and the ventriculoatrial shunt (VAS) is the second option in most medical centers. The main objective of this study is to introduce and describe a surgical approach for VAS outlining our experience and comparing it with traditional shunting *** In this retrospective cohort comparison study, we included patients with hydrocephalus treated with a surgical procedure between January 2010 and February 2021 at a single academic institution. We categorized the procedures into two groups: patients with VPS and conventional VAS grouped together into the conventional technique (CT) group, and the second group was patients with whom we performed VAS with complete internal jugular vein occlusion (IJVOT). We compared the surgical time, postoperative complications, and occurrence of shunt failure among the groups by performing univariate analysis using the Fisher exact *** Out of the 106 patients included in the analysis, IJVOT was performed in 66 patients, and CT in 40 patients. The median surgical time was 60 min (IQR 60-90) for IJVOT versus 100 min (IQR 60-120) for CT (p dure, 83.3% of patients with IJVOT and 62.5% of patients with CT did not require shunt removal or shunt revision (p d 1.5% for CT while 1.5% and 2.5% for IJVOT at 1 and 6 months after the *** Our findings demonstrate that VAS with IJVOT is a safe method that exhibited shorter surgical times and outcomes comparable to CT. However, since the present study represents the first cohort evaluating IJVOT, it is imperative to conduct larger prospective studies, along with clinical trials, to fully explore and establish efficacy, long-term outcomes, and an in-depth comparison among shunting techniques

关键词： Hydrocephalus Ventriculoatrial shunting Internal jugular vein Operative time Complications Shunt removal

Role of second look endoscopy in endoscopic submucosal dissection and peptic ulcer bleeding:Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 214-226页

作者： Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar Jose andres Perez Akshat Banga Rakhtan K Qasba Ruman K Qasba Harsha Pattnaik Muhammad Hussain Yatinder Bains Salim Surani department of Medicine Saint Francis Health Science CenterNewarkNJ 07107United States department of Medicine Saint Francis Health SystemsTulsaOK 74133United States department of Internal Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical CollegeJaipur 302004India department of Medicine Green Life Medical College and HospitalDhaka 1205Bangladesh department of Medicine Sher-i-kashmir Institute of Medical ScienceJammuSrinagar 190011India department of Medicine Lady Hardinge Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110001India department of Gastroenterology Saint Michaels Medical CenterNewarkNJ 07102United States department of Medicine and Pharmacology Texas AM UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGROUNd Second-look endoscopy(SLE)to prevent recurrent bleeding in patients with peptic ulcer disease(PUd)and those undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESd)is routinely being *** evidence exists regarding efficacy,risk,benefit,and *** To identify the role and effectiveness of SLE in ESd and PUd,associated rebleeding and PUd-related outcomes like mortality,hospital length of stay,need for endoscopic or surgical intervention and blood *** A systematic review of literature databases PubMed,Cochrane,and Embase was conducted from inception to January 5,*** controlled trials that compared patients with SLE to those who did not have SLE or evaluated the role of prophylactic hemostasis during SLE compared to other conservative interventions were *** study was conducted per PRISMA guidelines,and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO(Id CRd42023427555:).RevMan was used to perform meta-analysis,and Mantel-Haenszel Odds ratio(OR)were generated using random effect *** A total of twelve studies with 2687 patients were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis,of which 1074 patients underwent SLE after ESd and 1613 patients underwent SLE after PUd-related *** ESd,the rates of rebleeding were 7%in the SLE group compared to 4.4%in the non-SLE group with OR 1.65,95%confidence intervals(CI)of 0.96 to 2.85;P=0.07,whereas it was 11%in the SLE group compared to 13%in the non-SLE group with OR 0.895%CI:0.50 to 1.29;P=*** mean difference in the blood transfusion rates in the SLE and no SLE group in PUd was OR 0.01,95%CI:-0.22 to 0.25;P=*** SLE vs non-SLE groups with PUd,the OR for Endoscopic intervention was 0.29,95%CI:0.08 to 1.00;P=0.05 while it was OR 2.03,95%CI:0.95 to 4.33;P=0.07,for surgical *** mean difference in the hospital length of stay was-3.57 d between the SLE and no SLE groups in PUd with 95%CI:-7.84 to 0.69;P=0.10,denoting an average of

关键词： Endoscopy Endoscopic submucosal dissection Peptic ulcer Gastrointestinal bleeding

Pre-operative visceral adipose tissue radiodensity is a potentially novel prognostic biomarker for early endoscopic post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 740-750页

作者： Phillip Gu Shishir dube Norman Gellada So Yung Choi Susan Win Yoo Jin Lee Shaohong Yang Talin Haritunians Gil Y Melmed Eric A Vasiliauskas Niru Bonthala Gaurav Syal andres J Yarur david Ziring Shervin Rabizadeh Phillip Fleshner Cindy Kallman Suzanne devkota Stephan R Targan dalin Li dermot PB McGovern department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States department of Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States department of Medicine University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093United States department of Pediatrics Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States department of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUNd Evidence suggests inflammatory mesenteric fat is involved in post-operative recurrence(POR)of Crohn’s disease(Cd).However,its prognostic value is INTROdUCTION Crohn’s disease(Cd)is a debilitating chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease(IMId)of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence and prevalence globally[1].Cd patients often undergo surgery for disease-related complic-ations and/or medically refractory ***,surgery is not curative,and many patients develop post-operative recurrence(POR)of Cd with a significant proportion eventually requiring additional *** advances in early detection and therapeutics,the contemporary 10-year risk of surgery has improved from 50%to 26%,but the risk of recurrent surgery has remained unchanged at 30%,suggesting a need to improve post-operative management strategies[2].Presently,there are two accepted strategies to mitigate POR,but each have potential ***,patients start early post-operative pharmacologic prophylaxis within 4-6 wk after *** strategy can potentially overtreat a subset of patient who may not develop long-term disease recurrence off ***,these patients are at risk of medication-related adverse events and the direct and indirect costs associated with therapy with little or no benefit[3].The second strategy is performing early colonoscopy within 6-12 months after surgery and escalating therapy based on FOOTNOTES Author contributions:Gu P is the guarantor of the article and was involved in concept and design,data collection,statistical analysis,drafting of manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;dube S and Choi SY were involved in statistical analysis,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Gellada N,Win S,Lee YJ and Yang S were involved in the data collection,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Haritunians T and Li d were involved in data analysis and interpretation,drafting

关键词： Crohn’s disease Surgery Visceral adipose tissue Mesenteric adipose tissue Creeping fat Computed tomography

Topological circuit of a versatile non-Hermitian quantum system

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第1期65卷 53-60页

作者： david-andres Galeano Xiao-Xiao Zhang Jorge Mahecha Instituto de F´ısica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de AntioquiaMedell´ın 050010Colombia Unidad Transacciones T&d Energ´ıa Gerencia Comercial T&D Energ´ıaV.P.T&D Energ´ıaEPMMedell´ın 050015Colombia department of Physics and Astronomy&Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science(CEMS) Saitama 351-0198Japan department of Chemistry University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4Canada

We propose a resistors,inductors and capacitors(RLC)electrical circuit to theoretically analyze and fully simulate a new type of non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)model with complex *** formulate its construction and investigate its properties by taking advantage of the circuit’s *** physical properties can be identified in this system from the normal modes of oscillation of the RLC circuit,including the highly tunable bulk-edge correspondence between topological winding numbers and edge states and the non-Hermitian skin phenomenon originating from a novel complex energy plane *** present study is able to show the wide and appealing topological physics inherent to electric circuits,which is readily generalizable to a plenty of both Hermitian and non-Hermitian nontrivial systems.

关键词： topolectric circuit SSH model non-Hermitian topology skin effect

Biaxial versus uniaxial strain tuning of single-layer MoS_(2)

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Nano Materials Science 2022年第1期4卷 44-51页

作者： Felix Carrascoso Riccardo Frisenda andres Castellanos-Gomez Materials Science Factory Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMM-CSIC)28049Madrid Spain

Strain engineering has arisen as a powerful technique to tune the electronic and optical properties of twod imensional semiconductors like molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)).Although several theoretical works predicted that biaxial strain would be more effective than uniaxial strain to tune the band structure of MoS_(2),a direct experimental verification is still missing in the *** we implemented a simple experimental setup that allows to apply biaxial strain through the bending of a cruciform polymer *** used the setup to study the effect of biaxial strain on the differential reflectance spectra of 12 single-layer MoS_(2)flakes finding a redshift of the excitonic features at a rate between-40 meV/%and-110 meV/%of biaxial *** also directly compare the effect of biaxi al and uniaxial strain on the same single-layer MoS_(2)finding that the biaxial strain gauge factor is 2.3 times larger than the uniaxial strain one.

关键词： finding layer gauge

deep Learning Based Intelligent Industrial Fault diagnosis Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6323-6338页

作者： R.Surendran Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Carlos andres Tavera Romero Center for Artificial Intelligence&Research(CAIR) Chennai Institute of TechnologyChennai600069India Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy Research Center Al-Nahrain UniversityBaghdad64074Iraq COMBA I+d Research Group of Universidad Santiago de Cali Santiago de CaliColombia

In the present industrial revolution era,the industrial mechanical system becomes incessantly highly intelligent and ***,it is necessary to develop data-driven and monitoring approaches for achieving quick,trustable,and high-quality analysis in an automated *** diagnosis is an essential process to verify the safety and reliability operations of rotating *** advent of deep learning(dL)methods employed to diagnose faults in rotating machinery by extracting a set of feature vectors from the vibration *** paper presents an Intelligent Industrial Fault diagnosis using Sailfish Optimized Inception with Residual Network(IIFd-SOIR)*** proposed model operates on three major processes namely signal representation,feature extraction,and *** proposed model uses a Continuous Wavelet Transform(CWT)is for preprocessed representation of the original vibration *** addition,Inception with ResNet v2 based feature extraction model is applied to generate high-level ***,the parameter tuning of Inception with the ResNet v2 model is carried out using a sailfish ***,a multilayer perceptron(MLP)is applied as a classification technique to diagnose the faults *** experimentation takes place to ensure the outcome of the presented model on the gearbox dataset and a motor bearing *** experimental outcome indicated that the IIFd-SOIR model has reached a higher average accuracy of 99.6%and 99.64%on the applied gearbox dataset and bearing *** simulation outcome ensured that the proposed model has attained maximum performance over the compared methods.

关键词： Intelligent models fault diagnosis industrial control deep learning feature extraction

Fetkin-hydro,a new thermo-hydrological algorithm for low-temperature thermochronological modeling

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 186-200页

作者： Francisco Sánchez andres Barrea Federico M.dávila andres Mora Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra(CICTERRA) CONICET-UNCFCEFyNCiudad UniversitariaAv.Vélez Sarsfield 16115000 CórdobaArgentina Facultad de Matemática AstronomíaFísica y Computación(FAMAF)Ciudad UniversitariaAv.Medida Allende 21445000 CórdobaArgentina Ecopetrol BotafogoRio de JaneiroBrazil

despite two decades of major advances in the field of thermochronological modeling,state-of-the-art numerical implementations still rely mostly on burial and exhumation processes to explain radiometric *** though such an approach has proved valuable,failing to account for other first-order geological variables has led to misinterpretations and therefore,calls for a *** this study a new version of the Fetkin(finite element temperature kinematics,Ecopetrol)program is *** new algorithm couples time-dependent hydrological and thermal calculations,thus rendering thermochronological ages that,instead of being solely dependent on the kinematical evolution of a system,conditioning by the fluid flow is also *** contrast with previous thermochronological models,this work considers the influence of effective stress on rock properties(porosity and permeability)and therefore,in thermal *** analyses addressing relevant geological questions show not only the versatility of the code but also,new perspectives on forward low-temperature thermochronological *** circulation through pure-sandstone settings produce colder thermal architectures than those obtained in impermeable *** in cooling ages from models with and without fluid circulation are up to 5 Myr.A 4-fold variation in thrusting rates(0.5 km/Myr to 2 km/Myr)produces a 15-Myr difference in cooling ages in models with fluid flow,which contrasts to much lower differences,only 2 Myr,in domains without(or minimal)fluid circulation.2d thermal solutions in fold-bend-fold thrust belts composed of sandstones remain static despite substantial relief development by kinematic folding.A case-study from Western Argentina,in the Andean Precordillera,confirms the plausibility of the numerical algorithm here posed and raises new questions on the first-order thermal controls in settings under deformation.

关键词： Thermochronology Hydrogeology Fluid flow Numerical modeling

Agronomic assessment of two populations of intermediate wheatgrass—Kernza^(®)(Thinopyrum intermedium)in temperate South America

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Grassland Research 2022年第4期1卷 262-278页

作者： andres Locatelli Lucia Gutierrez Olivier duchene Pablo R.Speranza Valentin d.Picasso Risso Polo agro-alimentario Centro Universitario Litoral NorteEstacion Experimental Mario Antonio CassinoniUniversidad de la RepúblicaPaysanduUruguay departamento de Producción Vegetal Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaPaysanduUruguay departamento de Biometría Estadística y ComputaciónFacultad de AgronomíaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Agroecology and Environment Research Unit ISARALyonFrance departamento de Biología Vegetal Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas Facultad de AgronomiaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay

Background Kernza®intermediate wheatgrass is a perennial grain and forage crop that can provide several ecosystem *** research efforts focused on Kernza have taken place in high *** goal of this study was to evaluate,for the first time,the agronomic performance of Kernza in a low-latitude region with mild *** A KS-cycle 4 Kernza population(A)was planted in spring in Wisconsin,USA,and selected in one cycle for lower vernalization requirements,obtaining a new population(B).These two populations,at three nitrogen(N)fertilization rates,were evaluated in a full factorial,completely randomized field experiment in Uruguay over 2 *** The populations were similar in grain yields and flowering time in the 1st year,but population B had 63%lower grain yield in the 2nd year and 20%lower forage yield throughout the *** the N rate to 160 kg ha−1 led to a 63%increase in grain yield and 28%increase in forage yield across *** yields and nutritive values were similar to those reported in the northern ***,grain yields for both the 1st(316 kg ha−1)and 2nd year(41 kg ha−1)were lower due to reduced flowering and weed *** Expansion of Kernza to lower-latitude regions will require further breeding to improve reproductive performance.

关键词： low-latitude regions nitrogen fertilization rates perennial grains Thinopyrum intermedium vernalization requirements