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Photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 I0048-I0054页

作者： FRANCESCO DA Ros ANDRZEJ GAJDA ERIK LIEBIG EDSON P.DA SILVA ANNA PECZEK PETER D.GIROUARD andreas mai KLAUS PETERMANN LARS ZIMMERMANN MICHAEL GALILI LEIF K.OXENLOWE DTU Fotonik Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark IHP Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany IHP Solutions GmbH Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany Institut for Hochfrequenz-und Halbleiter-Systemtechnologien TU BerlinEinsteinufer 2510587 BerlinGermany AMETEK CTS Europe GmbH L unener StraBe 211-21259174 KamenGermany

A polarization-diversity loop with a silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode as a nonlinear medium is used to realize polarization insensitive four-wave mixing. Wavelength conversion of seven dual-polarization 16-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) signals at 16 GBd is demonstrated with an optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty below 0.7 dB. High-quality converted signals are generated thanks to the low polarization dependence(≤0.5 dB) and the high conversion efficiency(CE) achievable. The strong Kerr nonlinearity in silicon and the decrease of detrimental free-carrier absorption due to the reverse-biased p-i-n diode are key in ensuring high CE levels.

关键词： Invited Dual-polarization wavelength conversion of 16-QAM signals in a single silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode QAM

Solvents incubatedπ-πstacking in hole transport layer for perovskite-silicon 2-terminal tandem solar cells with 27.21%efficiency

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 25-30,I0002页

作者： Qiaoyan Ma Jufeng Qiu Yuzhao Yang Fei Tang Yilin Zeng Nanxi Ma Bohao Yu Feiping Lu Chong Liu andreas Lambertz Weiyuan Duan Kaining Ding Yaohua mai Institute of New Energy Technology College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632GuangdongChina School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina IEK-5 Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Department of Physics Tianshui Normal UniversityTianshui 741000GansuChina Guangdong Mellow Energy Co. LimitedHuajing RoadGuangzhou 510630GuangdongChina

Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiO_(x))is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL)for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layers to passivate the surface *** this study,the aromatic solvent with different substituent groups was used to regulate the conformation of poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)am ine](PTAA)*** a result,the single-junction perovskite solar cell(PSC)gained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 20.63%,contributing to a 27.21%efficiency for monolithic perovskite/silicon(double-side polished)2-terminal tandem solar cell,by applying the alkyl aromatic solvent to enhance theπ-πstacking of PTAA molecular *** tandem solar cell can maintain 95%initial efficiency after aging over 1000 *** study provides a universal approach for improving the photovoltaic performance of NiO_(x)/polymer-based perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and other single junction inverted PSCs.

关键词： Tandem solar cells Low temperature deposition Hole transporting property π-πstacking Alkyl aromatic solvent

Epidural anaesthesia restores pancreatic microcirculation and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第6期12卷 915-920页

作者： AlpDemirag CatherineMPastor PhilippeMorel NilgunGüvener Gangmai ThierryBerney LeoHBühler CopinJean-Christophe Jean-LouisFrossard andreas W.Sielenk mper Gang mai Surgical Research Unit Department of SurgeryUniversity Hospital Geneva24Rue Micheli-du-Crest1211Geneva 14 Switzerland Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital Geneva24Rue Micheli-du-Crest1211Geneva 14 Switzerland Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine MUnster Germany Department of General Surgery West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan Province China

AIM： To investigate the effect of epidural anaesthesia （EA） on pancreatic microcirculation during acute pancreatitis （AP）. METHODS： AP was induced by injection of sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct of Sprague-Dawley rats. To realize EA, a catheter was introduced into the epidural space between T7 and T9 and bupivacaine was injected. Microcirculatory flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Arterial blood gas analyses were performed. At the end of the experiment （≤ 5 h）, pancreas was removed for histology. The animals were divided into three groups： Group 1 （n =9）, AP without EA, Group 2 （n = 4）, EA without AP; and Group 3 （n = 6）, AP treated by EA. RESULTS： In Group 1, pancreatic microcirculatory flow prior to AP was 1414, 39 perfusion units （PU）. After AP, microcirculatory flow obviously decreased to 9 4-6 PU （P〈0.05）. Metabolic acidosis developed with base excess （BE） of - 14 4, 3 mmol/L. Histology revealed extensive edema and tissue necrosis. In Group 2, EA did not significantly modify microcirculatory flow. BE remained unchanged and histological analysis showed normal pancreatic tissue. In Group 3, AP initially caused a significant decrease in microcirculatory flow from 155 ± 25 to 11± 7 PU （P〈0.05）. After initiation of EA, microcirculatory flow obviously increased again to 81±31 PU （P〈0.05）. BE was -6±4 retool/L, which was significantly different compared to Group 1 （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, histology revealed less extensive edema and necrosis in pancreatic tissue in Group 3 than that in Group 1. CONCLUSION： AP caused dramatic microcirculatory changes within the pancreas, with development of metabolic acidosis and tissue necrosis. EA allowed partial restoration of microcirculatory flow and prevented development of tissue necrosis and systemic complications. Therefore, EA should be considered as therapeutic option to prevent evolution from edematous to necrotic AP.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Epidural anaesthesia Pancreatic blood flow Microcirculation Taurocholic acid

Participatory and Integrated Research in Mountainous Regions of Thailand and Vietnam:Approaches and Lessons Learned

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 305-324页

作者： andreas Neef Franz Heidhues Karl Stahr Pittaya Sruamsiri University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany Chiang mai University Thailand

Participatory and integrated research approaches employed by a long-term Thai- Vietnamese-German collaborative research program, ‘The Uplands Program’, that address the vicious circles of resource scarcity, environmental degrada- tion and rural poverty in mountainous regions of northern Thailand and northern Vietnam are discussed in this paper. We present two examples from the Thai component of the research program to show how different disciplines and stakeholders need to cooperate at different scales to make meaningful scientific contributions towards sustainable land use and rural development in mountainous regions. The case of resource conservation in the Thai highlands shows that local and scientific knowledge, conven- tional surveys and participatory modeling can be creatively combined. Integrated research on the potential of integrating fruit trees and associated technologies into mountain farming systems suggests that natural scientists have to work alongsideeconomists and social scientists to avoid harmful effects of purely technology-driven and productivity- enhancing approaches. The success of new technologies cannot be measured solely by adoption rates and yield increases, but also needs to take into account their long-term impact on various groups of farmers and the ecological, economic and social trade-offs that they entail. Technical and institutional innovations need to go hand in hand to provide viable livelihood opportunities for smallholder farmers in mountain watersheds. The major lesson learned from the first six years of our research in the mountains of Thailand and Vietnam is that conventional and participatory approaches are not antagonistic; if scientists from various disciplines and research paradigms are open-minded, the combination of both approaches can produce meaningful results that cater for the needs of both the academic community and local stakeholders in mountain environments.

关键词： Integrated research participatory approaches local and scientific knowledge Thailand Vietnam

Lessons Learned and Future Challenges for Integrated and Participatory Approaches to Mountain Research——Conclusions from the Mountain Symposium and this Special Issue

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 347-354页

作者： Franz Heidhues Karl Stahr Uwe Jens Nagel David Thomas andreas Neef University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany Humboldt University Berlin Germany World Agroforestry Center Chiang Mai Thailand

The International Symposium ‘Towards Sustainable Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Mountainous Regions＇, held in Chiang mai from 7-9 March 2006 （hereafter referred to as ‘Mountain Symposium＇）, brought together a wealth of experience from mountain research and development in four continents. Some of its highlights are presented in this Special Issue. If one were to choose a ＇leitmotif that would best capture the present state of knowledge in mountain research, it would be recognizing heterogeneity, complexity, interdependency, and learning how to deal with it. We are in the middle of a learning process and it is important to remember Rod Lefroy＇s statement in the panel discussion of the Mountain Symposium：＂perfection is the enemy of progress＂（Lefroy 2006）.

关键词：山区开发国际研讨会专刊可持续民生可持续生态系统综合研究分担研究

Integrated and Participatory Research Approaches towards Sustainable Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Mountainous Regions

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 271-275页

作者： andreas Neef Franz Heidhues Karl Stahr David Thomas Pittaya Sruamsiri University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany World Agroforestry Center Chiang Mai Thailand Chiang mai University Thailand

Mountainous regions cover about 27 per cent of the world＇s land surface and are home to some 22 per cent of the global population （UNEP 2002）. A much greater number of people depend on mountain environments for a wide range of services, including clean water, energy, timber, biodiversity, recreation, and protection from environmental hazards, such as landslides and floods. At the same time, mountain areas are extremely vulnerable ecosystems and under continuous threat of environmental degradation due to such diverse factors as climate change, extraction of their rich natural resources, high population pressure, and insecure and inequitable resource ownership. Mountain people are often among the most marginalized groups in society. Political and social discrimination is largely accompanied by pervasive poverty and food insecurity. A recent FAO study on vulnerability in mountains found that as many as 245 million people in the mountains of developing and transition countries are at risk of, or actually suffering from hunger and food insecurity （Diouf 2006）. At the same time, mountain areas are major sources and production areas of narcotic plants, such as opium poppy in Afghanistan and Myanmar, qat in Yemen and Ethiopia, and coca in Colombia, Peru and Bolivia. The remoteness and frequent position of mountain regions along disputed political and ethnic borders also make them more prone to armed conflict. It was estimated that between 1946 and 2ool, around 41 per cent of mountainous areas experienced violent conflicts compared to 26 per cent of non-mountain regions （UNEP 2002）. On the other hand, mountainous regions are treasures of biological and agricultural diversity. Perhaps no other life zone contains such high degree of variation between habitats and ecosystems as mountains （Denniston 1995）. Genetic diversity in agricultural resources also tends to be higher in mountainous regions than in the lowlands, largely due to ethnic and cultural diversity and the extreme m

关键词：山区可持续民生可持续农业-生态系统综合研究法参与式研究法多学科研究