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Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： Roberto Quezada-garcia alvaro Fuentealba Eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （AD）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECD） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECD. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

Fertirrigation with Low-Pressure Multi-Gate Irrigation Systems in Sugarcane Agroecosystems:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第1期29卷 1-11页

作者： Arturo garcia-saldana Cesareo LANDEROS-SANCHEZ Maria del Refugio CASTANEDA-CHAVEZ Juan Pablo MARTINEZ-DAVILA Arturo PEREZ-VAZQUEZ Eugenio CARRILLO-AVILA Postgraduate College Campus Veracruz Tepetates C.P.91674(Mexico) Technological Institute of Boca del Rio(ITBOCA) Boca del Rio C.P.94290(Mexico) Postgraduate College Campus Campeche Campeche C.P.24450(Mexico)

There are very few studies on the application of fertilizers through irrigation water(fertirrigation) using a multi-gate irrigation system in sugarcane AES. Through fertirrigation, the application of fertilizers can be simplified, and their distribution uniformity in sugarcane fields improved. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art regarding fertirrigation with multi-gate irrigation in sugarcane agroecosystems(AES). In order to systematize, organize, and discuss the scientific data on fertirrigation with low-pressure multi-gate irrigation systems in sugarcane AES, bibliographic material from the following full-text scientific journal databases was screened: the Elsevier Science Direct Freedom Collection, Springer Link, and the International Society for Horticultural Science. Next,a matrix of keywords was used to analyze the interrelationships among the available literature, current issues, and the recent *** conclude that development of fertirrigation technologies with low-pressure multi-gate irrigation is much needed.

关键词： climate change crop water requirement fertilizer application fertilizer distribution uniformity sugarcane industry water use efficiency

Milk Yield of Holstein Cows Induced into Lactation Twice Consecutively and Lactation Curve Models Fitted to Artificial Lactations

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1349-1354页

作者： Jesus Mellado Edgar Sepulveda Jose E garcia alvaro Rodriguez Maria A De Santiago Francisco G Veliz Miguel Mellado Department of Animal Nutrition Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro Department of Veterinary Science Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro

Nineteen multiparous barren Holstein cows were subjected to an induction of lactation protocol for 21 d administering estradiol cypionate （2 mg kg-1 of body weight （BW） d-1, on day 1 to 14）, progesterone （0.10 mg kg-1 of BW, on day 1 to 7）, lfumethasone （0.03 mg kg-1 of BW, on day 18 to 20） and recombinant bovine somatotropin （rbST;500 mg per cow, on day 1, 6, 16 and 21）. At the end of lactation and with a minimum of a 2-mon dry period, the same cows were again hormonally induced into lactation. Cows in both lactations were not artiifcially inseminated, they were milked 3 times daily and received rbST throughout lactation. Mean accumulated milk yield at 305 d in milk （DIM） did not differ between the ifrst and second induced lactations （（9 710 ＆#177;1 728） vs. （9 309＆#177;2 150） kg;mean＆#177;SD）. Total milk yield （（12 707＆#177;3 406） vs. （12 306＆#177;4 218） kg;mean＆#177;SD） and lactation length （（405＆#177;100） vs. （410＆#177;91） d;mean＆#177;SD） were not different between the ifrst and second induced lactations. In a second study, 15 empirical models including exponential, power law, yield-density, sigmoidal and miscellaneous models were compared for their suitability by modeling 12-mon （n=334）, 18-mon （n=164） and 29-mon （n=22） lactation cycles of Holsteins cows induced into lactation and treated with rbST throughout the lactation. Hoerl （Y=ab1/xxc）, Wood （Y=axb exp（cx）） and Dhanoa （Y=ax（bc）exp（cx）） models were equally suitable to describe 12-mon lactations. An exponential model with ifve parameters （Y=exp（a＋bx＋cd2＋e/x）） showed the best ift for milk yield for 18-mon lactations. The rational model （Y=a＋bx/1＋cx＋dx2） was found to produce the closest ift for 29-mon lactations. It was concluded that, with the protocol used in the present study, multiparous cows respond favorably to a second cycle of induced lactation, with milk yield similar to that experienced during the ifrst cycle. Thus, dairy producers might be able to lengthen the productive life of infertile high prod

关键词： lactation curve modeling extended lactations peak milk yield somatotropin Holstein cows

Inflammation-induced PINCH expression leads to actin depolymerization and mitochondrial mislocalization in neurons

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第3期9卷 393-408页

作者： Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan Santhanam Shanmughapriya Prema Velusamy Matthew Sayre alvaro garcia Nestor Mas Gomez Dianne Langford Department of Neurosciences and Center for Neurovirology Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140USA Department of Microbiology Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli 620024India Heart and Vascular Institute Department of MedicineDepartment of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyPenn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033USA

Background:Diseases and disorders with a chronic neuroinflammatory component are often linked with changes in brain *** neurodegenerative disorders,people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)are particularly vulnerable to metabolic disturbances,but the mechanistic connections of inflammation,neurodegeneration and bioenergetic deficits in the central nervous system(CNS)are poorly *** particularly interesting new cysteine histidine-rich-protein(PINCH)is nearly undetectable in healthy mature neurons,but is robustly expressed in tauopathy-associated neurodegenerative diseases including HIV infection and *** robust PINCH expression has been reported in neurons in the brains of patients with HIV and AD,the molecular mechanisms and cellular consequences of increased PINCH expression in CNS disease remain largely ***:We investigated the regulatory mechanisms responsible for PINCH protein-mediated changes in bioenergetics,mitochondrial subcellular localization and bioenergetic deficits in neurons exposed to physialogical levels of TNFa or the HIV protein *** in the PINCH-ILK-Parvin(PIP)complex association with cofilin and TESK1 were assessed to identify factors responsible for actin depolymerization and mitochondrial *** and pharmacological inhibition experiments were conducted to confirm PINCH specificity and to reinstate proper protein-protein complex ***:We identified MEF2A as the PINCH transcription factor in neuroinflammation and determined the biological consequences of increased PINCH in ***-mediated activation of MEF2A via increased cellular calcium induced PINCH,leading to disruption of the PIP ternary complex,cofilin activation by TESK1 inactivation,and actin *** disruption of actin led to perinuclear mislocalization of mitochondria by destabilizing the kinesin-dependent mitochondrial transport machinery,resulting i

关键词： Neuron Mitochondria Actin PINCH Neuroinflammation

RANS simulations of the U and V grooves effect in the subcritical flow over four rotated circular cylinders

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第4期27卷 569-578页

作者： ALONZO-garcia A. GUTIERREZ-TORRES C.del C. JIMENEZ BERNAL J.A. MOLLINEDO-PONCE de LEON H.R. MARTINEZ-DELGADILLO S.A. BARBOSA-saldana J.G. Instituto Politécnico Nacional SEPI ESIME ZacatencoLABINTHAP U.P.Adolfo López Mateos Edif.5 3er.PisoMéxicoD.F.México Instituto Politécnico Nacional UPIITAAv.IPN 2580C.P.07340MéxicoD.F.México Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco Depto.Ciencias BásicasAv.San Pablo 180Azcapotzalco C.P 07740MéxicoD.F.México

This paper presents a CFD study about the effect of the V and U grooves in the flow over four cylinders in diamond shape configuration at subcritical flow conditions（Re= 41 000）. The k- ε Realizable turbulence model was implemented to fully structured hexahedral grids with near-wall refinements. Results showed that the numerical model was able to reproduce the impinging flow pattern and the repulsive forces present in the lateral cylinders of the smooth cylinder array. As a consequence of the flow alignment induced by the grooves, a jet-flow is formed between the lateral cylinders, which could cause an important vortex induced vibration effect especially in the rear cylinder. The magnitudes of the shear stresses at the valleys and peaks for the V grooved cylinders were lower than those of the U grooved cylinders, but the separation points were delayed due the U grooves presence. It is discussed the presence of a blowing effect caused by counter-rotating eddies located near the grooves peaks that cause a decrease of the shear stresses in the valleys, and promote them at the peaks.

关键词： RANS model grooved cylinder four cylinders subcritical flow impinging flow

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沥青混合料微胶囊自修复技术的研究综述

长安大学学报（自然科学版） 2018年第2期38卷 9-18,77页

作者：何亮蔡卓冯畅 garcia alvaro 马育重庆交通大学交通土建工程材料国家地方联合工程实验室重庆400074 重庆交通大学山区桥梁结构与材料教育部工程研究中心重庆400074 重庆高速公路集团有限公司重庆401121 诺丁汉大学诺丁汉交通工程研究中心诺丁汉诺丁汉NG72RD

为了进一步促进微胶囊自修复技术在中国道路工程领域中的发展与应用,综合国内外最新研究成果对沥青混合料微胶囊自修复技术展开全面的分析,总结微胶囊自修复技术的基本原理、研究现状及进展,系统梳理了自修复微胶囊的性能表征方法、掺... 详细信息

为了进一步促进微胶囊自修复技术在中国道路工程领域中的发展与应用,综合国内外最新研究成果对沥青混合料微胶囊自修复技术展开全面的分析,总结微胶囊自修复技术的基本原理、研究现状及进展,系统梳理了自修复微胶囊的性能表征方法、掺加微胶囊沥青材料的自修复性能评价方法,并重点分析不同评价方法的优点与不足。在此基础上,从囊芯材料的选择、囊壁材料的研发、微胶囊的粒径与形状等3个方面概述沥青混合料自修复微胶囊的设计方法;介绍了沥青混合料微胶囊自修复技术的最新室外试验研究进展。结果表明:当前沥青混合料微胶囊自修复技术研究中存在着路用性能研究不系统、评价方法不成熟、微胶囊设计方法不完善等问题;下一步应开展通过数值模拟的方法探讨微胶囊在沥青混合料中的多维受力特性,为微胶囊的精细化设计提供可靠的理论依据;开发能够多次缓释、高耐久性的自修复微胶囊,使其可以在整个路面预养护周期内发挥自修复作用;研发复合自修复路面养护技术,实现沥青路面在预养护阶段不同时间节点的按需自修复。

关键词：道路工程沥青混合料自修复封装再生剂综述

Reconstruction of lateral root formation through single-cell RNA sequencing reveals order of tissue in itiation

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1362-1378页

作者： Laura Serrano-Ron Pablo Perez-garcia alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero Inmaculada Gude Javier Cabrera Pui-Leng Ip Kenneth D.Birnbaum Miguel A.Moreno-Risueno Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-lnstituto Naci on al de Investigacion y Tec no logia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Pozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 MadridSpain Center for Genomics and Systems Biology Department of BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Postembryonic organogenesis is critical for plant ***,lateral roots(LRs)form the bulk of mature root systems,yet the ontogeny of the LR primordium(LRP)is not *** this study,we performed the single-cell RNA sequencing through the first four stages of LR formation in *** analysis led to a model in which a single group of precursor cells,with a cell identity different from their pericycle origins,rapidly reprograms and splits into a mixed ground tissue/stem cell niche fate and a vascular precursor *** ground tissue and stem cell niche fates soon separate and a subset of more specialized vascular cells form sucrose transporting phloem cells that appear to connect to the primary *** did not detect cells resembling epidermis or root cap,suggesting that outer tissues may form later,preceding LR *** this stage,some remaining initial precursor cells form the primordium flanks,while the rest create a reservoir of pluripotent cells that are able to replace the LR if *** ablation of the central and lateral LRP regions showed that remaining cells restart the sequence of tissue initiation to form a ***,our study reveals an ontological hierarchy for LR formation with an early and sequential split of main root tissues and stem cells.

关键词： organogenesis patterning stem cells single-cell RNA-seq cell fate regeneration

Effectiveness of dry needling on reducing pain intensity in patients with myofascial pain syndrome： a Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第1期36卷 1-13页

作者： Juan Rodriguez-Mansilla Blanca Gonzalez-Sanchez alvaro De Toro garcia Enrique Valera-Donoso Elisa Maria Garrido-Ardila Maria Jimenez-Palomares Maria Victoria Gonzalez Lopez-Arza Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Extremadura School of MedicineAdolor Research Group of the University of ExtremaduraBadajoz 06006Spain IMC Physiotherapy clinic Department of Physiotherapy.Caceres 10001Spain Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department Complutense University School of MedicineMadrid 28040Spain

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the literature about the effectiveness of dry needling(DN) on relieving pain and increasing range of motion(ROM) in individuals with myofascial pain syndrome(MPS).METHODS: Papers published from January 2000 to January 2013 were identified through an electronic search in the databases MEDLINE, Dialnet, Cochrane Library Plus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro) and Spanish Superior Council of Scientific Research(CSIC). The studies included were randomized controlled trials written in English and/or Spanish about the effectiveness of DN on pain and ROM in individuals with ***: Out of 19 clinical trials that were potentially relevant, a total of 10 were included in the Meta-analysis. Regarding pain intensity reduction when measured before and immediately after the intervention, DN achieved improvement compared with the placebo treatment [d =-0.49; 95% CI(-3.21, 0.42)] and with the control group [d =-9.13;95% CI(- 14.70,- 3.56)]. However, other treatments achieved better results on the same variable compared with DN, considering the measurements for pre-treatment and immediately after [d = 2.54;95% CI(-0.40, 5.48)], as well as the pre-treatment and after 3-4 weeks [d = 4.23; 95% CI(0.78, 7.68)].DN showed a significantly increased ROM when measured before the intervention and immediately after, in comparison with the placebo [d = 2.00;95% CI(1.60, 2.41)]. However, other treatments achieved a significant better result regarding ROM when it was measured before the intervention and immediately after, as compared with DN [d =-1.42;95% CI(-1.84,-0.99)].CONCLUSION: DN was less effective on decreasing pain comparing to the placebo group. Other treatments were more effective than DN on reducing pain after 3-4 weeks. However, on increasing ROM,DN was more effective comparing to that of placebo group, but less than other treatments.

关键词： Dry needling Myofascial pain syndromes Rehabilitation Meta-analysis

The cold-induced factor CBF3 mediates root stem cell activity,regeneration,and developmental responses to cold

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Plant Communications 2023年第6期4卷 197-211页

作者： Pablo Perez-garcia Ornella Pucciariello alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero Javier Cabrera Cristina del Barrio Juan Carlos del Pozo Mariano Perales Krzysztof Wabnik Miguel A.Moreno-Risueno Centro de Biotecnologíay Genómica de Plantas(Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigacióny Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria–CSIC(INIA-CSIC)) MadridSpain

Plant growth and development involve the specification and regeneration of stem cell niches(SCNs).Although plants are exposed to disparate environmental conditions,how environmental cues affect developmental programs and stem cells is not well *** stem cells are accommodated in meristems in SCNs around the quiescent center(QC),which maintains their *** a combination of genetics and confocal microscopy to trace morphological defects and correlate them with changes in gene expression and protein levels,we show that the cold-induced transcription factor(TF)C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 3(CBF3),which has previously been associated with cold acclimation,regulates root development,stem cell activity,and ***3 is integrated into the SHORT-ROOT(SHR)regulatory network,forming a feedback loop that maintains SHR ***3 is primarily expressed in the root endodermis,whereas the CBF3 protein is localized to other meristematic tissues,including root *** of cbf3-1 using a wild-type CBF3 gene and a CBF3 fusion with reduced mobility show that CBF3 movement capacity is required for SCN patterning and regulates root ***,cold induces CBF3,affecting QC ***,exposure to moderate cold around 10℃–12℃promotes root regeneration and QC respecification in a CBF3-dependent manner during the recuperation *** contrast,CBF3 does not appear to regulate stem cell survival,which has been associated with recuperation from more acute cold(-4℃).We propose a role for CBF3 in mediating the molecular interrelationships among the cold response,stem cell activity,and development.

关键词： stem cells regeneration organ patterning protein movement cell fate low temperature