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Pd-1^(+)and TIM-3^(+)T cells widely express commonγ-chain cytokine receptors in multiple myeloma patients,and IL-2,IL-7,IL-15 stimulation up-regulates Pd-1 and TIM-3 on T cells

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1575-1587页

作者： EGOR V.BATOROV alisa d.ineshina TATIANA A.ARISTOVA VERA V.dENISOVA SVETLANA A.SIZIKOVA dARIA S.BATOROVA GALINA Y.USHAKOVA EKATERINA Y.SHEVELA ELENA R.CHERNYKH Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia V.Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psychology Novosibirsk National Research State UniversityNovosibirsk630090Russia department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical ImmunologyNovosibirsk630099Russia

Background:Immune checkpoint ligand-receptor interactions appear to be associated with multiple myeloma(MM)***,previous studies showed the possibility of Pd-1 and TIM-3 expression on T cells upon stimulation with commonγ-chain family cytokines in vitro and during homeostatic *** aim of the present work was to study the impact of homeostatic proliferation on the expansion of certain T cell subsets upregulating Pd-1 and TIM-3 checkpoint ***:The expression of Cd25,Cd122,Cd127 commonγ-chain cytokine receptors,phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-5(pSTAT5)and eomesodermin(EOMES)was comparatively assessed with flow cytometry in Pd-1-and TIM-3-negative and positive T cells before the conditioning and during the first post-transplant month in peripheral blood samples of MM ***:Substantial proportions of Pd-1-and TIM-3-positive T lymphocytes expressed commonγ-chain cytokine receptors and *** of cytokine receptor expressing cells were significantly higher within TIM-3+T cells compared to Pd-1+TIM-3−*** proportions of both Pd-1-/TIM-3-negative and positive Cd8+T cells express EOMES,while only moderate frequencies of Cd4+Pd-1+/TIM-3+T cells up-regulate this transcription ***,the surface presence of Cd25 and intranuclear expression of EOMES in Cd4+T cells were mutually exclusive regardless of Pd-1 and TIM-3 *** stimulation with commonγ-chain cytokines up-regulates Pd-1 and TIM-3 during the proliferation of initially Pd-1/TIM-3-negative T cells but fails to expand initially Pd-1+and TIM-3+T cell subsets in ***:Both Pd-1 and TIM-3 expressing T cells appear to be able to respond to homeostatic cytokine *** in commonγ-chain cytokine receptor expression between Pd-1+and TIM-3+T cells may reflect functional dissimilarity of these cell *** blockade appears to alleviate lymphopenia-induced prolif

关键词： Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(AHSCT) Cd25 Cd122 Eomesodermin(EOMES) Homeostatic proliferation

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Security and Privacy Challenges in SdN-Enabled IoT Systems: Causes, Proposed Solutions,and Future directions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2511-2533页

作者： Ahmad Rahdari Ahmad Jalili Mehdi Esnaashari Mehdi Gheisari alisa A.Vorobeva Zhaoxi Fang Panjun Sun Viktoriia M.Korzhuk Ilya Popov Zongda Wu Hamid Tahaei Institute of Artificial Intelligence Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China department of Computer Engineering Gonbad Kavous UniversityGonbad-e Kavus49717-99151Iran Faculty of Computer Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran196976-4499Iran department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105India Secure Information Technologies department National Research University ITMOSt.Petersburg197101Russia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz71946–84334Iran department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityDamavand***Iran department of R&d Shenzhen BKD Co.Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

Software-defined Networking(SdN)represents a significant paradigm shift in network architecture,separating network logic from the underlying forwarding devices to enhance flexibility and centralize ***-rently,the Internet of Things(IoT)connects numerous devices to the Internet,enabling autonomous interactions with minimal human ***,implementing and managing an SdN-IoT system is inherently complex,particularly for those with limited resources,as the dynamic and distributed nature of IoT infrastructures creates security and privacy challenges during SdN *** findings of this study underscore the primary security and privacy challenges across application,control,and data planes.A comprehensive review evaluates the root causes of these challenges and the defense techniques employed in prior works to establish sufficient secrecy and privacy *** investigations have explored cutting-edge methods,such as leveraging blockchain for transaction recording to enhance security and privacy,along with applying machine learning and deep learning approaches to identify and mitigate the impacts of denial of Service(doS)and distributed doS(ddoS)***,the analysis indicates that encryption and hashing techniques are prevalent in the data plane,whereas access control and certificate authorization are prominently considered in the control plane,and authentication is commonly employed within the application ***,this paper outlines future directions,offering insights into potential strategies and technological advancements aimed at fostering a more secure and privacy-conscious SdN-based IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Security privacy-preserving software-defined network internet of things

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Snapshot imaging of ultrashort electron bunches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1226-1228页

作者： Andreas döpp Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität München Am Coulombwall 185748GarchingGermany Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1Garching85748Germany

New measurements combine spatial and temporal information from optical transition radiation to estimate the three-dimensional structure of electron bunches from a laser wakefield accelerator.

关键词： ultrashort Snapshot electron

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Influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 563-580页

作者： N.HUMNEKAR d.SRINIVASACHARYA department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004TelanganaIndia

The influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel is *** darcyBrinkman model is used to characterize the fluid flow dynamics in porous *** analytical solutions are obtained for the unidirectional and completely developed *** on a normal mode analysis,the generalized eigenvalue problem under a perturbed state is *** eigenvalue problem is then solved by the spectral ***,the critical Rayleigh number with the corresponding wavenumber is evaluated at the assigned values of the other flow-governing *** results show that increasing the darcy number,the Lewis number,the dufour parameter,or the Soret parameter increases the stability of the system,whereas increasing the inclination angle of the channel destabilizes the ***,the flow is the most unstable when the channel is vertically oriented.

关键词： nanofluid inclined channel variable viscosity linear stability double dif-fusion porous medium

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Improved Leap-frog Method for Time-domain Fault Location

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 670-674页

作者： Izudin džafić Rabih A.Jabr Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of SarajevoSarajevo 71000Bosnia and Herzegovina department of Electrical and Computer Engineering American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon IEEE

The partial differential equation(PdE)solution of the telegrapher is a promising fault location method among time-domain and model-based *** research works have shown that the leap-frog process is superior to other explicit methods for the PdE ***,its implementation is challenged by determining the initial conditions in time and the boundary conditions in *** letter proposes two implicit solution methods for determining the initial conditions and an analytical way to obtain the boundary conditions founded on the signal *** results show that the proposal gives fault location accuracy superior to the existing leap-frog scheme,particularly in the presence of harmonics.

关键词： Fault location leap-frog partial differential equation time-domain analysis transmission line

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The Effect of External Magnetic Field on Electron Scale Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 236-247页

作者： d.Tsiklauri Joule Physics Laboratory School of ScienceEngineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK

We use particle-in-cell,fully electromagnetic,plasma kinetic simulation to study the effect of external magnetic field on electron scale Kelvin–Helmholtz instability(ESKHI).The results are applicable to collisionless plasmas when,e.g.,solar wind interacts with planetary magnetospheres or a magnetic field is generated in AGN *** find that as in the case of magnetohydrodynamic(MHd)KHI,in the kinetic regime,the presence of an external magnetic field reduces the growth rate of the *** the MHd case,there is a known threshold magnetic field for KHI stabilization,while for ESKHI this is to be analytically *** a kinetic analytical expression,we use several numerical simulation runs to establish an empirical dependence of ESKHI growth rate,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe),on the strength of the applied external magnetic *** find the best fit is hyperbolic,Γ(B_(0))ω_(pe)=Γ_(0)ω_(pe)/(A+BB_(0)),where Γ_(0) is the ESKHI growth rate without an external magnetic field and B_(0)=B_(0)/B_(MHd)is the ratio of external and two-fluid MHd stability threshold magnetic field,derived *** analytical theory to back up this growth rate dependence on the external magnetic field is *** results suggest that in astrophysical settings where a strong magnetic field pre-exists,the generation of an additional magnetic field by the ESKHI is suppressed,which implies that nature provides a“safety valve”—natural protection not to“over-generate”magnetic field by the ESKHI ***,we find that our two-fluid MHd threshold magnetic field is the same(up to a factor √γ_(0))as the dC saturation magnetic field,previously predicted by fully kinetic theory.

关键词： instabilities magnetic fields plasmas Sun:heliosphere ISM:magnetic fields

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decomposition mechanisms of nuclear-grade cationic exchange resin by advanced oxidation processes:Statistical molecular fragmentation model and dFT calculations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 433-448页

作者： Xiang Meng Pierre désesquelles Lejin Xu department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des PlasmasUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay 91405France State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The treatment and disposal of radioactive waste are presently facing great *** ion exchange resins have become a focus of attention due to their high production and serious environmental *** this paper,a simplified model of cationic exchange resin is proposed,and the degradation processes of cationic resin monomer initiated by hydroxyl radicals(·OH)are clarified by combining statistical molecular fragmentation(SMF)model and density functional theory(dFT)*** prediction of active sites indicates that the S-O bonds and the C-S bond of the sulfonic group are more likely to react during the *** meta-position of the sulfonic group on the benzene ring is the most active site,and the benzene ring without the sulfonic group has a certain *** C11-C14 and C17-C20 bonds,on the carbon skeleton,are the most easily *** is also found that dihydroxy addition and elimination reactions play a major role in the process of desulfonation,carbon skeleton cleavage and benzene ring *** decomposition mechanisms found through the combination of physical models and chemical calculations,provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

关键词： Cationic exchange resin Statistical molecular fragmentation model density functional theory Hydroxyl radical decomposition mechanism

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Role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in peripheral nerve regeneration:a cellular and molecular perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1429-1430页

作者： Grazia Maugeri Velia d’Agata Section of Anatomy Histology and Movement SciencesDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly

Neuro regeneration is a very complex phenomenon characterized by the generation of new neurons and synapses,involving connections between adjacent cells and axonal *** supplies additional longterm resources to replace... 详细信息

关键词： replace functional regeneration

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Process engineering of demineralisation of moderate to high ash Indian coals through NaOH‑HCl leaching and HF leaching

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 111-122页

作者： Heena dhawan d.K.Sharma ANRF Ministry of ScienceNew DelhiIndia department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Chemical leaching of coals would be required to produce cleaner coals for some special applications where physical benefi-ciation may not be effective *** would also help in recovering Li and rare earth metals besides in the sequestration of CO_(2).About 20 Indian coals having complexly distributed moderate to high ash contents were sequentially treated with various alkali–acid such as NaOH-HCl,HF,HCl,HCl-HF,and NaOH-HCl-HF *** aimed to establish and design the best stepwise sequential process for the highest degree of demineralisation through a chemical leaching *** and process intensification studies were carried *** than 80%demineralisation of Madhaipur and Neemcha coals was observed using the best sequential treatment designed *** repeated stepwise treatment of the alkali and the acid was also studied,which was found to significantly enhance the degree of demineralisation of *** integrated process of alkali–acid leaching followed by solvent extraction(Organo-refining)and vice versa of the treated coal was also studied for producing cleaner coals.

关键词： Alkali–acid leaching demineralisation Integrated process Rare earth elements

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Therapeutic advances in neural regeneration for Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1991-1997页

作者： Francesco d’Egidio Vanessa Castelli Giorgia Lombardozzi Fabrizio Ammannito Annamaria Cimini Michele d’Angelo department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion mutation of a cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet in the exon 1 of the HTT gene which is responsible for the production of the huntingtin (Htt) protein. In physiological conditions, Htt is involved in many cellular processes such as cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism regulation, dNA maintenance, axonal trafficking, and antiapoptotic activity. When the genetic alteration is present, the production of a mutant version of Htt (mHtt) occurs, which is characterized by a plethora of pathogenic activities that, finally, lead to cell death. Among all the cells in which mHtt exerts its dangerous activity, the GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons seem to be the most affected by the mHtt-induced excitotoxicity both in the cortex and in the striatum. However, as the neurodegeneration proceeds ahead the neuronal loss grows also in other brain areas such as the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra, determining the variety of symptoms that characterize Huntington’s disease. From a clinical point of view, Huntington’s disease is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms spanning from motor impairment to cognitive disorders and dementia. Huntington’s disease shows a prevalence of around 3.92 cases every 100,000 worldwide and an incidence of 0.48 new cases every 100,000/year. To date, there is no available cure for Huntington’s disease. Several treatments have been developed so far, aiming to reduce the severity of one or more symptoms to slow down the inexorable decline caused by the disease. In this context, the search for reliable strategies to target the different aspects of Huntington’s disease become of the utmost interest. In recent years, a variety of studies demonstrated the detrimental role of neuronal loss in Huntington’s disease condition highlighting how the replacement of lost cells would be a reasonable strategy to o

关键词： cell therapy exosomes extracellular vesicles Huntingtin Huntington’s disease medium spiny neurons neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis neuronal loss stem cells

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