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Tree clusters migration into alpine tundra,Siberia

Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3426-3440页

作者： KHARUK Viacheslav i. PETROV ii'ya A. iM Sergei T. GOLYUKOV alexey S. DViNSKAYA Maria L. SHUSHPANOV Alexander S. Sukacheu institute of Forest Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of ScienceSiberian BranchAcademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Siberian Federal University Svobodny str.79Krasnoyarsk 660041Russia Reshetneu Siberian State University of Science and Technology Krasnoyarsky rabochy str.31Krasnoyarsk 66014Russia Tomsk State University Leninastr.36Tomsk 634050Russia

We hypothesize that in mountain windy habitat trees formed clusters(hedges)as adaptive structures for seedlings’rooting,survival,and tress’upslope *** studied hedges formed by Siberian pine(Pinus sibirica du Tour)and larch(Larix sibirica Ledeb.)within the treeline ecotone in southern Siberian Mountains,investigated hedges formation,evolution,habitat amelioration,and analyzed tree’s growth index(Gi)dependence on the eco-climate variables(air temperature,precipitation,soil moisture,wind speed)and relief features(elevation,aspect,slope steepness,and terrain curvature).We conducted a ground survey,measured biometrical parameters of trees and hedges,determined species composition and tree physiognomy,soil types and nutrient contents,and sampled wood cores and applied dendrochronology for trees’Gi *** high-resolution satellite scenes for hedge detection and upslope migration,we found that winter winds and soil moisture are the main constraints of trees’settlement and *** formation always links with wind-sheltered microtopography features(boulders,local depressions or felled trees).Once the first tree is established,a positive feedback is aroused that facilitates seedling rooting and in-hedge habitat *** form a streamlined dense“common crown”that mitigates adverse winter wind *** always orient along the prevailing winds,and trees’uphill migration occurs by seedlings establishment within the leeward hedge *** growth facilitates soil formation and *** concentration of nutrients(K,P,N and S)within hedges exceeds the background by 1.5-5.5 *** extension leads to increased snow accumulation that mitigates the influence of desiccation and snow abrasion and mitigates seasonal water *** the extremely harsh windy habitat,inhedge trees present in mat,prostrate or krummholz *** warming,tree stems and even twigs turn *** that Gi dependence on the wind speed is insignificant unt

关键词： Treeline Timberline Hedges Tree migration Siberian pine Larch Tree growth Siberian mountain forests Wind stress Moisture stress

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Observation of Zitterbewegung in photonic microcavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第6期12卷 1084-1090页

作者： Seth Lovett Paul M.Walker alexey Osipov alexey Yulin Pooja Uday Naik Charles E.Whittaker ivan A.Shelykh Maurice S.Skolnick Dmitry N.Krizhanovskii Department of Physics and Astronomy University of SheffieldS37RH SheffieldUK Department of Physics and Technology ITMO UniversitySt.Petersburg 197101Russia Science institute University of IcelandDunhagi 3IS-107 ReykjavikIceland

We present and experimentally study the effects of the photonic spin–orbit coupling on the real space propagation of polariton wavepackets in planar semiconductor microcavities and polaritonic analogues of *** particular,we demonstrate the appearance of an analogue Zitterbewegung effect,a term which translates as‘trembling motion’in English,which was originally proposed for relativistic Dirac electrons and consisted of the oscillations of the centre of mass of a wavepacket in the direction perpendicular to its *** a planar microcavity,we observe regular Zitterbewegung oscillations whose amplitude and period depend on the wavevector of the *** then extend these results to a honeycomb lattice of coupled microcavity *** to the planar cavity,such lattices are inherently more tuneable and versatile,allowing simulation of the Hamiltonians of a wide range of important physical *** observe an oscillation pattern related to the presence of the spin-split Dirac cones in the *** both cases,the experimentally observed oscillations are in good agreement with theoretical modelling and independently measured bandstructure parameters,providing strong evidence for the observation of Zitterbewegung.

关键词： planar versatile analogues

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Suppressing small-scale self-focusing of high-power femtosecond pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 103-109页

作者： Mikhail Martyanov Vladislav Ginzburg alexey Balakin Sergey Skobelev Dmitry Silin Anton Kochetkov ivan Yakovlev alexey Kuzmin Sergey Mironov ilya Shaikin Sergey Stukachev Andrey Shaykin Efim Khazanov Alexander Litvak institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhny NovgorodRussia

it was shown experimentally that for a 65-fs 17-J pulse,the effect of filamentation instability,also known as small-scale self-focusing,is much weaker than that predicted by stationary and nonstationary theoretical models for high B-integral *** this discrepancy has been left unexplained at the moment,in practice no signs of filamentation may allow a breakthrough in nonlinear pulse post-compression at high laser energy.

关键词： B-integral cubic Kerr nonlinearity filamentation instability high-power femtosecond laser nonlinear post-compression

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Phylogeography of the common hamster(Cricetus cricetus):paleoclimatic reconstructions of Late Pleistocene colonization

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integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 581-599页

作者： Natalia Yu.FEOKTiSTOVA ilya G.MESCHERSKY Georgy i.SHENBROT Andrey Yu.PUZACHENKO Sergey i.MESCHERSKY Pavel L.BOGOMOLOV alexey V.SUROV A.N.Severtsov institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert ResearchBen-Gurion University of the NegevMidreshet Ben-GurionIsrael institute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia

iNTRODUCTiON Anthropogenic activities and associated factors such as climate change and habitat destruction are causing the ongoing sixth mass extinction on Earth,which is a major characteristic of the ***,these factors pose the most serious environmental threat to the existence of civilization because it is *** than 500 species of mammals were found to be on the brink of extinction and likely to be lost within 20 years(Ceballos et al.2020).One example is the common hamster Cricetus cricetus(Linnaeus,1758).in 2020,this species was classified as Critically Endangered across its global range by the iUCN Red List(Banaszek et al.2020).The protection status of the common hamster was elevated by 4 levels at once—from Least Concern to Critically *** the causes behind the dramatic decline of the species are not fully understood,one may suppose it stems from the negative impact of habitat degradation and even climate change(Banaszek et al.2020).

关键词： extinction suppose irreversible

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Advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers:technology,sensor and laser applications

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第4期5卷 48-68页

作者： alexey Wolf Alexander Dostovalov Kirill Bronnikov Mikhail Skvortsov Stefan Wabnitz Sergey Babin Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090Russia institute of Automation and Electrometry of the SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090Russia Department of information Electronics and Telecommunications EngineeringSapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy

in this article,we review recent advances in the technology of writing fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs)in selected cores of multicore fibers(MCFs)by using femtosecond laser *** writing technology of such a key element as the FBG opens up wide opportunities for the creation of next generation fiber lasers and sensors based on *** advantages of the technology are shown by using the examples of 3D shape sensors,acoustic emission sensors with spatially multiplexed channels,as well as multicore fiber Raman lasers.

关键词： multicore fiber fiber Bragg grating femtosecond laser micromachining fiber laser fiber sensor

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investigation into the operation of an autothermal two-section subbituminous coal fluidized bed gasifier

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international Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第3期10卷 190-203页

作者： Nikolay Abaimov Alexander Ryzhkov alexey Dubinin Lu Ding Vladimir Tuponogov Sergey Alekseenko Ural Federal University EkaterinburgRussia 6200022 institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China institute of Thermophysics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesNovosibirskRussia 630090

Using a newly developed experimental setup,the features and advantages of an autothermal single-casing atmospheric sub-bituminous coal fluidized bed air-blown gasifier,combining a combustion and gasification section,and mixing the dispersed phase(inert material,char)and heat exchange between them through an annular transfer device,have been *** increase the efficiency of the gasifier,an experimental-computational method was developed find the conditions for optimal operation,combining changing the annular flow's geometry and regulating the primary air for gasification.A simple and reliable multizone thermodynamic calculation model makes it possible to predict the composition of char and syngas in the gasification section with acceptable *** method confirmed that a two-section fluidized bed gasifier can provide efficient gasification of solid fuels and is suitable for use in small-scale cogeneration *** with a heating value of 3.6-4.5 MJ/m^(3)and CGE of 38.2%-42.3%was obtained in the experimental setup without optimizing the primary air flow *** optimization,the indicators increased to the heating value of syngas of 5.20-5.34 MJ/m^(3)and CGE of 42.5%-50.0%.With heat regeneration of 0.8,CGE increases to 70%.

关键词： Coal Syngas Gasification Bubbling fluidized bed Thermodynamics Modeling

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Recent strategies to improve moisture stability in metal halide perovskites materials and devices

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第2期31卷 219-235页

作者： Chenxiao Zhou alexey B.Tarasov Eugene A.Goodilin Pengwan Chen Hao Wang Qi Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Materials Science Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLenin Hills119991 MoscowRussia Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLenin Hills119991 MoscowRussia State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing institute of Technology Chongqing innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

At present,the stability of the new generation of solar cells based on hybrid perovskites is the bottleneck for their practical *** effects,high temperature,ultraviolet light,humidity and other known or still unknown factors might cause reduction of effectiveness or even irreversible loss of materials properties due to decomposition of functional layers within perovskite solar cells(PSCs).These factors alone have a serious impact on each component of the device,while their combinations lead to much more complicated effects and *** review focuses on the stability of PSCs and the degradation of the device in a humid *** assess the instability factors and deep-seated principles of evolution of the device structure in a humidity environment with the emphasis on the influence on their *** related solutions are reviewed from the perspective of the encapsulation,perovskite active layer,carrier transport layer and *** with the latest research,we believe that the waterproof strategy of PSCs requires either tight encapsulation or thorough modifications in the device ***,it is important to develop feasible strategies to improve the overall device stability over humid according to the target characteristics of various devices.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Water Stability Composition Encapsulation

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High-temperature transport properties of BaSn_(1−x)Sc_(x)O_(3−δ) ceramic materials as promising electrolytes for protonic ceramic fuel cells

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第7期11卷 1131-1143页

作者： inna A.ZVONAREVA alexeyМ.MiNEEV Natalia A.TARASOVA Xian-Zhu FU Dmitry A.MEDVEDEV institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620066Russia Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002Russia Boreskov institute of Catalysis Novosibirsk 630090Russia College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs)offer a convenient means for electrochemical conversion of chemical energy into electricity at intermediate temperatures with very high *** BaCeO_(3)-and BaZrO_(3)-based complex oxides have been positioned as the most promising PCFC electrolytes,the design of new protonic conductors with improved properties is of paramount *** the present work,we studied transport properties of scandium-doped barium stannate(Sc-doped BaSnO_(3)).Our analysis included the fabrication of porous and dense BaSn_(1−x)Sc_(x)O_(3−δ)ceramic materials(0≤x≤0.37),as well as a comprehensive analysis of their total,ionic,and electronic conductivities across all the experimental conditions realized under the PCFC operation:both air and hydrogen atmospheres with various water vapor partial pressures(p(H2O)),and a temperature range of 500–900℃.This work reports on electrolyte domain boundaries of the undoped and doped BaSnO_(3)for the first time,revealing that pure BaSnO_(3)exhibits mixed ionic–electronic conduction behavior under both oxidizing and reducing conditions,while the Sc-doping results in the gradual improvement of ionic(including protonic)conductivity,extending the electrolyte domain boundaries towards reduced *** latter property makes the heavilydoped BaSnO_(3)representatives attractive for PCFC applications.

关键词： BaSnO_(3) protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs) proton transport perovskite hydration electronic conductivity

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Uncertainty of Climate Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings Due to Different Land Use Scenarios

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第5期28卷 1215-1232页

作者： alexey V.ELiSEEV igor i.MOKHOV A. M. Obukhov institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow Russia

The *** institute of Atmospheric Physics,Russian Academy of Sciences （iAP RAS） climate model （CM） of intermediate complexity is extended by a spatially explicit terrestrial carbon cycle *** experiments with the iAP RAS CM are performed forced by the reconstructions of anthropogenic and natural forcings for the 16th to the 20th centuries and by combined SRES （Special Report on Emission Scenarios） A2-LUH （Land Use Harmonization） anthropogenic scenarios for the 21st ***,the impact of uncertainty in land-use scenarios on results of simulations with a coupled climate-carbon cycle model is *** simulations of the model realistically reproduced historical changes in carbon cycle *** the iAP RAS CM,climate warming reproduced in the 20th and 21st centuries enhanced terrestrial net primary production but terrestrial carbon uptake was suppressed due to an overcompensating increase in soil *** year 2100,the simulations the model forced by different land use scenarios diverged markedly,by about 70 Pg （C） in terms of biomass and soil carbon stock but they differed only by about 10 ppmv in terms of atmospheric carbon dioxide content.

关键词： terrestrial carbon cycle climate model anthropogenic scenarios uncertainty in projections

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采用丝网印刷法基于Bi_(2)Te_(2.8)Se_(0.2)和Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Те_(3)悬浮液制备柔性热电发电机

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Journal of Central South University 2023年第9期30卷 2906-2918页

作者： VOLOSHCHUK irina BABiCH alexey PEREVERZEVA Svetlana TEREKHOV Dmitry SHERCHENKOV alexey National Research University of Electronic Technology Bld.1Shokin SquareZelenogradMoscowRussia

本研究开发了利用磷酸锌水泥和碱性硅酸钠水溶液作为黏合剂的丝网印刷形成n型和p型热元件腿的技术,研究了厚膜的热电性能。以碱性硅酸钠水溶液为黏合剂,利用基于Bi_(2)Te_(3)-Sb_(2)Te_(3)(p型)和Bi_(2)Te_(3)-Bi_(2)Se_(3)(n型)的悬浮... 详细信息

本研究开发了利用磷酸锌水泥和碱性硅酸钠水溶液作为黏合剂的丝网印刷形成n型和p型热元件腿的技术,研究了厚膜的热电性能。以碱性硅酸钠水溶液为黏合剂,利用基于Bi_(2)Te_(3)-Sb_(2)Te_(3)(p型)和Bi_(2)Te_(3)-Bi_(2)Se_(3)(n型)的悬浮液的丝网印刷结果,制备了柔性热电发电机(TEG)的原型。开发的原型包括6对由铜线连接的n型和p型腿,和一个硅胶基质被用作柔性底座。对样机的研究表明,在室温(298 K)下,柔性厚膜TEG在温差?T=2.5 K和10.0 K下的输出电压分别为0.8 mV和14.8 mV。

关键词：热电装置柔性热电发电机能量收集热电材料丝网印刷热电性能

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