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Formation of diffuse and spark discharges between two needle electrodes with the scattering of particles

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 32-39页

作者： victor F TARASENKO Dmitry v BELOPLOTOv alexei N PANCHENKO Dmitry A SOROKIN Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesTomsk 634055Russia National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk 634050Russia

The development of a nanosecond discharge in a pin-to-pin gap filled with air at atmospheric pressure has been studied with high temporal and spatial resolutions from a breakdown start to the spark *** and negative nanosecond voltage pulses with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts were ***-resolved images of the discharge development were taken with a fourchannel Intensified Charge Coupled Device(ICCD)*** minimum delay between the camera channels could be as short as≈0.1 *** made it possible to study the gap breakdown process with subnanosecond *** was observed that a wide-diameter streamer develops from the high-voltage pointed *** ionization processes near the grounded pin electrode started when the streamer crossed half of the *** bridging the gap by the streamer,a diffuse discharge was *** development of spark leaders from bright spots on the surface of the pointed electrodes was observed at the next *** was found that the rate of development of the spark leader is an order of magnitude lower than that of the wide-diameter *** thin luminous tracks were observed against the background of a discharge plasma *** has been established that the tracks are adjacent to brightly glowing spots on the electrodes and are associated with the flight of small particles.

关键词： needle electrodes short voltage pulses atmospheric air streamer breakdown diffuse and spark discharges scattering metal particles

Anomalies in the short-range local environment and atomic diffusion in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi highentropy alloy

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5336-5348页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova Daniel Gaertner alexei Kuzmin Ana Guilherme Buzanich Goetz Schuck Ivo Zizak Gerhard Wilde Kirill v.Yusenko Sergiy Divinski Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489 BerlinGermany Institute of Materials Physics University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063 RigaLatvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und–prüfung(BAM) D-12489 BerlinGermany

Multi-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)spectroscopy combined with reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)simulations was used to probe the details of element-specific local coordinations and component-dependent structure relaxations in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy as a function of the annealing *** representative states,namely a high-temperature state,created by annealing at 1373 K,and a low-temperature state,produced by long-term annealing at 993 K,were compared in *** features identified in atomic configurations of particular principal components indicate variations in the local environment distortions connected to different degrees of compositional disorder at the chosen representative *** detected changes provide new atomistic insights and correlate with the existence of kinks previously observed in the Arrhenius dependencies of component diffusion rates in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys diffusion short-range order extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) reverse Monte Carlo

What is the difference between marine and limnetic-terrestrial associations of nematodes with invertebrates?

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第4期17卷 481-510页

作者： alexei v.TCHESUNOv viatcheslav N.IvANENKO Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of BiologyM.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia

Zoo-and phyto-parasitic nematodes of the order Rhabditida and zooparasites of the subclass Dorylaimia are well known,due largely to their medical,veterinarian and agricultural ***,there have been many switches from a free-living to a symbiotic(including parasitism)mode of existence in the evolutionary trajectories of various nematode ***,we attempt to summarize all known cases of symbioses(from commensalism to true parasitism)between marine nematodes representing nonparasitic taxa and various larger animals,ranging from protists to *** cases are of nematodes relating to dwelling on crustaceans(ectocommensalism)or living in the body cavity and internal organs of various invertebrates(endoparasitism or parasitoidism).Ectocommensal species may differ from their free-living relatives in their longer filiform bodies and enlarged ventral and caudal glands,which may be interpreted as adaptations for the purpose of fixation on the body surface of a motile *** species are characterized by deep anatomical modification,including rudimentation of the alimentary tract and hypertrophy of reproductive *** terrestrial and limnetic invertebrates,marine invertebrates have almost no intestinal nematode *** evolutionary trajectories of nematode dwellers of marine and nonmarine invertebrates are compared.

关键词： commensalism marine invertebrates Nematoda parasitism symbiosis

High frequency of latent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第6期9卷 863-868页

作者： Ernest v.Bolko alexei L.Pozniak Dmitrii S.Maltsev alexei A.Suetov Irina v.Nuralova St.Petersburg Branch of the Academician S.Fyodorov IRTC "Eye Microsurgery"St.Petersburg 192283Russia Department of Ophthalmology Military Medical AcademySt.Petersburg 194044Russia

AIM： To determine the frequency of detection of ocular and extraocular Chlamydia trachomatis （CT） infection in non -high myopes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment （RRD）. METHODS： This was a single-center, nonrandomized, prospective, case-control study. One hundred and four patients were divided into a study group with RRD （n= 63） and a control group with traumatic retinal detachment （n=41）. Samples of subretinal fluid （SFR）, conjunctival, urethral/cervical swabs, and blood were collected. The frequency of detection of CT infection in SRF samples was determined by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, direct fluorescence assay （DFA） and cell culture, whereas that in conjunctival swabs was determined by PCR and DFA, and those in urethral/cervical swabs and blood were determined by DFA. Yates Chi-square test （with Bonferroni correction） and two-tailed Student＇s t-test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS： SRF CT infection was detected more frequently in the study group （50.8%-71.4%） than in the control group （9.8%-12.2%） by all the methods used （P〈 0.01）. The frequency of detection of conjunctival CT infection by DFA was higher in the RRD patients compared with the controls （81.0% vs 24.4%, P=0.004）. The PCR detected conjunctival CT infection more often in the study group than in the controls （46.0% vs89.8%, P= 0.007）. The DFA detected CT in blood specimens almost as frequently as in urogenital specimens, for the RRD patients （61.2% vs 63.5%） and the controls （7.3% vs 9.8%）. CONCLUSION： CT infection is detected with high frequency in non-high myopes with RRD.

关键词： rhegmatogenous retinal detachment Chlamydia trachomatis myopia latent infection

Biological protection of plants in agricultular landscape—state of the art, problems and ways of their decision

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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版） 2004年第4期30卷 398-400页

作者： sokolov M S Kolombet L v Research Center for Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations State Research Center for Applied Microbiology 142279 Obolensk Moscow Region Russia 142253 Serpukhov Moscow reg. Russia

Biological protection of plants: definition and objectives. Technologically, biological protection of plants (hereinafter bioprotection) is a high agricultural technology involving agricultural landscape approach and basee on an ecological imperative, namely “use living beings against living beings”. In a wide sense, present-day bioprotection is a fundamental and applied field of knowledge providing harmless suppression of harmful agents during cultivation and storage of agricultural crops by use natural and (or) artificially constructed organisms (including genetically modified ones having pesticidal properties) and products of their live cycle. The overall objective of bioprotection consists in producing harmless, profitable and high-quality vegetative raw material, food, fodder. At the same time, bioprotection agrotechnologies are important environment forming and environment maintaining factors, steady and positively influencing the health of both rural ethnos, and agrosphere as a whole. Realization of integrated bioprotection approaches should provide minimum destruction of beneficial and non-target organisms, excluding the succession of harmful species and appearance of species resistant to biocontrol agents. 2. Theoretical foundation of bioprotection. The following postulates and imperatives of biosphere science, agrarian and social ecology make the scientific basis of bioprotection: “The Nature knows the how and why of things better”; Steady, balanced development of agrosphere (proceeding from a presumption of life support) is based on biocentrism and biosystem relations, or consortism of its consorbents; Control of the agrosphere by human beings could be effective only in case of primary realization of biocenotic regulation; Biocenotic regulation, dynamics of the number and species diversity of agrosphere is realized through trophically similar cenoconsorcia and tritrophic systems, that provides maintenance and preservation of trophically proved critica

关键词：植物生物保护农业景观农业气候设施园艺

Antiproton-nucleus reactions at intermediate energies

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2015年第2期26卷 104-110页

作者： alexei Borisovich Larionov Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute

Antiproton-induced reactions on nuclei at the beam energies from hundreds Me v up to several Ge v provide an excellent opportunity to study interactions between the antiproton and secondary particles(mesons, baryons and antibaryons) with nucleons. The antiproton projectile is unique in the sense that most of the annihilation particles are relatively slow in the target nucleus frame. Hence, the prehadronic effects do not much influence their interactions with the nucleons of the nuclear residue. Moreover, the particles with momenta less than about 1 Ge v/c are sensitive to nuclear mean field potentials. This paper discusses the microscopic transport calculations of the antiproton-nucleus reactions and is focused on three related problems:(i) antiproton potential determination,(ii) possible formation of strongly bound antiproton-nucleus systems, and(iii) strangeness production.

关键词：原子核反应反质子能量相互作用次级粒子核平均场核系统 iii

Comparison of diode laser in soft tissue surgery using continuous wave and pulsed modes in vitro

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2015年第2期8卷 212-219页

作者： Andrey v.BELIKOv alexei v.SKRYPNIK Ksenia v.SHATILOvA Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)

In this study, the interaction between diode laser radiation and chicken soft tissue was studied in vitro by a high-speed digital video camera. We used a diode laser with a wavelength of(980 ± 10) nm and average power of 10 W. The diode laser was operated in continuous wave(CW) and pulsed modes. In CW mode, the average laser radiation power was 10 W; in pulsed mode, the average laser radiation power was 10 W and the peak power was 20 W. Diode laser radiation was delivered to soft tissue(chicken meat) using a quartz optical fiber with either a clear distal end(clear tip) or a distal end containing an optothermal converter(hot tip). Application of the diode laser in pulsed mode resulted in crater depths and areas of collateral damage in soft tissue about 1.6 times greater than those observed in CW mode at treatment with the clear *** differences in the crater depth and collateral damage width of chicken meat were not found after hot-tip treatment with the diode laser in CW and pulsed *** tissue treated with the hot tip showed crater depths about 3.4 times greater than those observed after treatment with the clear tip. Hot tip treatment further resulted in collateral damage widths about 2.7 times lower than those obtained after treatment with the clear tip.

关键词： diode laser thermo-optically powered surgery hot tip surgery laser surgery soft tissue

Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics:Observations from the Crimean peninsula

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第1期13卷 67-68页

作者： alexei Birkun Department of Anesthesiology Resuscitation and Emergency MedicineMedical Academy named after S.I.Georgievsky of V.I.Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295051Russian Federation

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA)is widely recognized as a global health ***,little is known about OHCA epidemiology in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)territories.[1,2]The15 post-Soviet states ... 详细信息

关键词： occupy Republic cardiac

Store-operated calcium entry in neuroglia

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第1期30卷 125-133页

作者： alexei verkhratsky vladimir Parpura Faculty of Life Sciences The University of Manchester Achucarro Center for Neuroscience IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48011 Bilbao Spain and Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Department of Neurobiology Center for Glial Biology in Medicine Atomic Force Microscopy & Nanotechnology aboratories Civitan International Research Center Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute University of Alabama Department of Biotechnology University or Rijeka

Neuroglial cells are homeostatic neural cells. Generally, they are electrically non-excitable and their activation is associated with the generation of complex intracellular Ca^2＋ signals that define the ＂Ca^2＋ excitability＂ of glia. In mammalian glial cells the major source of Ca^2＋ for this excitability is the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, which is ultimately （re）filled from the extracellular space. This occurs via store-operated Ca^2＋ entry （SOCE） which is supported by a specific signaling system connecting the ER with plasmalemmal Ca^2＋ entry. Here, emptying of the ER Ca^2＋ store is necessary and sufficient for the activation of SOCE, and without Ca^2＋ influx via SOCE the ER store cannot be refilled. The molecular arrangements underlying SOCE are relatively complex and include plasmalemmal channels, ER Ca^2＋ sensors, such as stromal interaction molecule, and possibly ER Ca^2＋ pumps （of the SERCA type）. There are at least two sets of plasmalemmal channels mediating SOCE, the Ca2＊-release activated channels, Orai, and transient receptor potential （TRP） channels. The molecular identity of neuroglial SOCE has not been yet identified unequivocally. However, it seems that Orai is predominantly expressed in microglia, whereas astrocytes and oligodendrocytes rely more on TRP channels to produce SOCE. In physiological conditions the SOCE pathway is instrumental for the sustained phase of the Ca^2＋ signal observed following stimulation of metabotropic receptors on glial cells.

关键词： calcium signaling astrocyte oligodendrocyte microglia store-operated calcium entry TRP STIM Orai