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Anomalies in the short-range local environment and atomic diffusion in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi highentropy alloy

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5336-5348页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova Daniel Gaertner alexei Kuzmin Ana Guilherme Buzanich Goetz Schuck Ivo Zizak Gerhard Wilde Kirill v.Yusenko Sergiy Divinski Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489 BerlinGermany Institute of Materials Physics University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063 RigaLatvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und–prüfung(BAM) D-12489 BerlinGermany

Multi-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)spectroscopy combined with reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)simulations was used to probe the details of element-specific local coordinations and component-dependent structure relaxations in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy as a function of the annealing *** representative states,namely a high-temperature state,created by annealing at 1373 K,and a low-temperature state,produced by long-term annealing at 993 K,were compared in *** features identified in atomic configurations of particular principal components indicate variations in the local environment distortions connected to different degrees of compositional disorder at the chosen representative *** detected changes provide new atomistic insights and correlate with the existence of kinks previously observed in the Arrhenius dependencies of component diffusion rates in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys diffusion short-range order extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) reverse Monte Carlo

What is the difference between marine and limnetic-terrestrial associations of nematodes with invertebrates?

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第4期17卷 481-510页

作者： alexei v.TCHESUNOv viatcheslav N.IvANENKO Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of BiologyM.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia

Zoo-and phyto-parasitic nematodes of the order Rhabditida and zooparasites of the subclass Dorylaimia are well known,due largely to their medical,veterinarian and agricultural ***,there have been many switches from a free-living to a symbiotic(including parasitism)mode of existence in the evolutionary trajectories of various nematode ***,we attempt to summarize all known cases of symbioses(from commensalism to true parasitism)between marine nematodes representing nonparasitic taxa and various larger animals,ranging from protists to *** cases are of nematodes relating to dwelling on crustaceans(ectocommensalism)or living in the body cavity and internal organs of various invertebrates(endoparasitism or parasitoidism).Ectocommensal species may differ from their free-living relatives in their longer filiform bodies and enlarged ventral and caudal glands,which may be interpreted as adaptations for the purpose of fixation on the body surface of a motile *** species are characterized by deep anatomical modification,including rudimentation of the alimentary tract and hypertrophy of reproductive *** terrestrial and limnetic invertebrates,marine invertebrates have almost no intestinal nematode *** evolutionary trajectories of nematode dwellers of marine and nonmarine invertebrates are compared.

关键词： commensalism marine invertebrates Nematoda parasitism symbiosis

Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics:Observations from the Crimean peninsula

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第1期13卷 67-68页

作者： alexei Birkun Department of Anesthesiology Resuscitation and Emergency MedicineMedical Academy named after S.I.Georgievsky of V.I.Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295051Russian Federation

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA)is widely recognized as a global health ***,little is known about OHCA epidemiology in the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)territories.[1,2]The15 post-Soviet states ... 详细信息

关键词： occupy Republic cardiac

Astrocytes in human central nervous system diseases: a frontier for new therapies

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5233-5269页

作者： alexei verkhratsky Arthur Butt Baoman Li Peter Illes Robert Zorec Alexey Semyanov Yong Tang Michael v.Sofroniew International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/School of Health and Rehabilitation Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology School of Forensic MedicineChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineLT-01102VilniusLithuania Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Rudolf Boehm Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Leipzig04109LeipzigGermany Celica Biomedical Lab Cell EngineeringTechnology Park1000LjubljanaSlovenia Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology—Molecular Cell Physiology Institute of PathophysiologyUniversity of LjubljanaFaculty of MedicineLjubljanaSlovenia Department of Physiology Jiaxing University College of Medicine314033JiaxingChina Key Laboratory of Acupuncture for Senile Disease(Chengdu University of TCM) Ministry of Education/Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduChina Department of Neurobiology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Astroglia are a broad class of neural parenchymal cells primarily dedicated to homoeostasis and defence of the central nervous system(CNS).Astroglia contribute to the pathophysiology of all neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders in ways that can be either beneficial or detrimental to disorder *** changes in astroglia can be primary or secondary and can result in gain or loss of *** respond to external,non-cell autonomous signals associated with any form of CNS pathology by undergoing complex and variable changes in their structure,molecular expression,and *** addition,internally driven,cell autonomous changes of astroglial innate properties can lead to CNS *** pathophysiology is complex,with different pathophysiological cell states and cell phenotypes that are context-specific and vary with disorder,disorder-stage,comorbidities,age,and ***,we classify astroglial pathophysiology into(i)reactive astrogliosis,(ii)astroglial atrophy with loss of function,(iii)astroglial degeneration and death,and(iv)astrocytopathies characterised by aberrant forms that drive *** review astroglial pathophysiology across the spectrum of human CNS diseases and disorders,including neurotrauma,stroke,neuroinfection,autoimmune attack and epilepsy,as well as neurodevelopmental,neurodegenerative,metabolic and neuropsychiatric *** cellular and molecular mechanisms of astroglial pathophysiology represents a new frontier to identify novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： diseases epilepsy degeneration

Al-driven peculiarities of local coordination and magnetic properties in single-phase Al_(x)-CrFeCoNi high-entropy alloys

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4845-4858页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova alexei Kuzmin Konrad Siemensmeyer Chen Luo Kai Chen Florin Radu Eugen Weschke Uwe Reinholz Ana Guilherme Buzanich Kirill v.Yusenko Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489Germany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063Latvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung(BAM) D-12489Germany

Modern design of superior multi-functional alloys composed of several principal components requires in-depth studies of their local structure for developing desired macroscopic ***,peculiarities of atomic arrangements on the local scale and electronic states of constituent elements in the single-phase face-centered cubic(fcc)-and body-centered cubic(bcc)-structured high-entropy Alx-CrFeCoNi alloys(x=0.3 and 3,respectively)are explored by element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy in hard and soft X-ray energy *** based on the reverse Monte Carlo approach allow to perform a simultaneous fit of extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra recorded at K absorption edges of each 3d constituent and to reconstruct the local environment within the first coordination shells of absorbers with high *** revealed unimodal and bimodal distributions of all five elements are in agreement with structure-dependent magnetic properties of studied alloys probed by magnetometry.A degree of surface atoms oxidation uncovered by soft X-rays suggests different kinetics of oxide formation for each type of constituents and has to be taken into account.X-ray magnetic circular dichroism technique employed at L2,3 absorption edges of transition metals demonstrates reduced magnetic moments of 3d metal constituents in the sub-surface region of in situ cleaned fcc-structured Al0.3-CrFeCoNi compared to their bulk *** to nanostructured versions of multicomponent alloys,such studies would bring new insights related to effects of high entropy mixing on low dimensions.

关键词： high-entropy alloys reverse Monte Carlo magnetism element-specific spectroscopy extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) X-ray magnetic circular dichroism(XMCD)

Geometric metasurface for polarization synthesis and multidimensional multiplexing of terahertz converged vortices

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Photonics Research 2022年第6期10卷 1517-1532页

作者： YANG ZHU BINBIN LU ZHIYUAN FAN FUYONG YUE XIAOFEI ZANG alexei v.BALAKIN ALEXANDER P.SHKURINOv YIMING ZHU SONGLIN ZHUANG Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical SystemUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

The investigation of converged twisted beams with a helical phase structure has a remarkable impact on both fundamental physics and practical *** metasurfaces consisting of individually orientated metal/dielectric meta-atoms provide an ultracompact platform for generating converged ***,it is still challenging to simultaneously focus left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized incident beams with pure geometric phase modulation,which hinders the independent operation on topological charges between these two helical *** we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach to design terahertz geometric metasurfaces that can generate helicity-independent converged vortices with homogeneous polarization states by the superposition of two orthogonal helical vortices with identical topological ***,the multiplexing of polarization-rotatable multiple vortices in multiple dimensions,i.e.,in both longitudinal and transverse directions,and a vortex with an extended focal depth is confirmed by embedding polarization modulation into the geometric *** demonstrated approach provides a new way to simultaneously manipulate orthogonal helical components and expand the design dimension,enabling new applications of geometric metasurface devices in polarization optics,twisted-beam related image and edge detection,high capacity optical communication,and quantum information processing,to name a few.

关键词： converge helical twisted

Submonolayer Eu superstructures—A class of 2D magnets

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1500-1506页

作者： Dmitry v.Averyanov Ivan S.sokolov Alexander N.Taldenkov Oleg E.Parfenov Andrey M.Tokmachev vyacheslav G.Storchak National Research Center“Kurchatov Institute” Kurchatov Sq.1Moscow 123182Russia

Two-dimensional(2D)magnetic materials promise unconventional properties and quantum phases as well as advances in ultracompact *** of 2D magnets often reaches a single monolayer but in general can go beyond this limit,as demonstrated by 2D magnetism of submonolayer Eu superstructures coupled with *** question is whether the submonolayer magnetism constitutes a general ***,we demonstrate that regular Eu lattices form a class of 2D magnets displaying various structures,stoichiometries,and chemical *** synthesized and studied a set of Eu superstructures on Ge(001).Their magnetic properties are consistent with the emergence of a magnetic order such as ferro-or *** particular,control over the magnetic transition temperature by weak magnetic fields indicates the 2D nature of the *** together,Eu/Ge and Eu/Si superstructures seed a nucleus of the research area addressing the emergence of magnetism in submonolayer chemical species.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)magnetism submonolayer superstructure surface reconstruction germanium

Segmental closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean:Insight from detrital geochronology in the East Transbaikalia Basin

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 15-27页

作者： Anastasia v.Arzhannikova Elena I.Demonterova Marc Jolivet Ekaterina A.Mikheeva alexei v.Ivanov Sergey G.Arzhannikov valentin B.Khubanov vadim S.Kamenetsky Institute of the Earth’s Crust Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchIrkutskRussia Laboratoire Géosciences Rennes CNRS-UMR6118Universitéde RennesRennesFrance Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesSiberian BranchUlan-UdeRussia

The Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean extended between the Siberian and Amur–North China *** timing and modalities of the oceanic closure are widely *** is largely accepted that the ocean closed in a scissor-like manner from southwest to northeast(in modern coordinates),though the timing of this process remains *** studies have shown that both western(West Transbaikalia)and eastern(Dzhagda)parts of the ocean closed almost simultaneously at the Early–Middle Jurassic ***,little information on the key central part of the oceanic suture zone is *** performed U-Pb(LA-ICP-MS)dating of detrital zircon from wellcharacterized stratigraphic sections of the central part of the Mongol-Okhotsk suture *** include the initial marine and final continental sequences of the East Transbaikalia Basin,deposited on the northern Argun-Idemeg terrane *** provide new stratigraphic ages for the marine and continental *** revised chronostratigraphy allows assigning an age of~165–155 Ma,to the collisionrelated flexure of the northern Argun-Idemeg terrane and the development of a peripheral foreland *** collisional process took place 5 to10 million years later than in the western and eastern parts of the *** demonstrate that the northern Argun-Idemeg terrane was the last block to collide with the Siberian continent,challenging the widely supported scissor-like model of closure of the MongolOkhotsk *** segments of the ocean closed independently,depending on the initial shape of the paleo continental margins.

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology Mongol-Okhotsk collision East Transbaikalian Basin

A class of high-mobility layered nanomaterials by design

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第33期164卷 179-187页

作者： Dmitry v.Averyanov Ivan S.sokolov Oleg E.Parfenov Alexander N.Taldenkov Oleg A.Kondratev Andrey M.Tokmachev vyacheslav G.Storchak National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” Kurchatov Sq.1Moscow 123182Russia

Design of materials with particular functional properties is indispensable albeit very *** and structural analogies can be helpful in this endeavor,especially when a particular combination of properties is sought *** aim is to bundle together 3 characteristics:high carrier mobility,magnetism,and scalability to nanomaterials in the form of a film–such a combination is particularly advantageous for ***,inspired by recent studies of MAl_(2)Si_(2)and related compounds,we develop magnetic EuAl_(2)Ge_(2)and non-magnetic SrAl_(2)Ge_(2)nanomaterials with high carrier *** syntheses employing sacrificial 2D templates result in epitaxial films of MAl_(2)Ge_(2)seamlessly integrated with *** syntheses are followed by a study of the atomic structure,magnetic and electron transport *** particular,the films demonstrate high carrier mobility,exceeding 10,000 cm^(2)v^(-1)s^(-1)in the case of EuAl_(2)Ge_(2),making the materials appealing for *** together,MAl_(2)Ge_(2)and MAl_(2)Si_(2)form a class of high-mobility layered nanomaterials.

关键词： High carrier mobility Magnetism SrAl_(2)Ge_(2) EuAl_(2)Ge_(2) Germanium