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Biological,pathological,and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 73-94页

作者： VIGNESH BALAJI E DIVYA RAMESH MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU akshara kumar SAMYAK PANDEY RAKSHA NAYAK V.ALKA SRISHTI MUNJAL AMIR SALIMI K.SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI SHANKAR M.BAKKANNAVAR Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India School of Health and Community Services Durham CollegeOshawaOntarioL1G2G5Canada Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Clinical Psychology Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Speech and Hearing Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India

Exosomes,small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human *** is considered a“double-edged sword”,and depending on its biological source,the action of exosomes varies under physiological ***,the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome ***,the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological *** are different mechanisms present in the exosomes’cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor *** the exosomal uptake takes place,it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological *** though exosomes have lavish functions,there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic ***,overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.

关键词： Exosomes Physiology Cancer Therapeutics Challenges

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Soil Carbon Pool as Influenced by Soil Microbial Activity—An Overview

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 175-193页

作者： Goutham Thotakuri Srushtideep Angidi akshara Athelly Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Soil is a significant carbon reservoir with the capacity to store carbon twice as much as the atmosphere or plants. Given the significant potential of soil to capture and store atmospheric CO2, it presents a viable solution for mitigating the present and future impacts of climate change. However, due to its high susceptibility to global environmental issues like land degradation, loss of biodiversity, and climate change, monitoring and protecting soil carbon pools is a complex challenge. Intensive agricultural operations have detrimental effects on the soil, including the rapid breakdown of soil organic carbon, which releases excess carbon into the air, causing increased atmospheric CO2 levels and a depletion of the soil carbon reserves. The diversity and abundance of soil microbial communities play a crucial role in controlling essential ecosystem processes, including the decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling, including carbon. Heterotrophic soil microorganisms facilitate the soil organic matter turnover to obtain the nutrients and energy required for their growth and maintenance. Therefore, the microbial residues and exudates have up to 80% carbon in the stable soil organic matter fractions. This overview attempts to summarize the information on various carbon pools, soil carbon interaction with microbes, impacts on environmental changes, and strategies to enhance the storage of belowground carbon.

关键词： Soil Carbon Microorganisms Decomposition Carbon Storage and Land-Use Management

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Two-dimensional finite element model to study temperature distribution in peripheral regions of extended spherical human organs involving uniformly perfused tumors

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2015年第6期8卷 57-86页

作者： akshara Makrariya Neeru Adlakha Department of Applied Science SIRTE Bhopal MP 462041 India Department of Applied Mathematics and Humanalities SVNIT Surat Gurat 395007 India

Temperature as an indicator of tissue response is widely used in clinical applications. In view of above a problem of temperature distribution in peripheral regions of extended spherical organs of a human body like, human breast involving uniformly perfused tumor is investigated in this paper. The human breast is assumed to be spherical in shape with upper hemisphere projecting out from the trunk of the body and lower hemisphere is considered to be a part of the body core. The outer surface of the breast is assumed to be exposed to the environment from where the heat loss takes place by conduction, convection, radiation and evaporation. The heat transfer from core to the surface takes place by thermal conduction and blood perfusion. Also metabolic activity takes place at different rates in different layers of the breast. An elliptical-shaped tumor is assumed to be present in the dermis region of human breast. A finite element model is developed for a two-dimensional steady state case incorporating the important parameters like blood flow, metabolic activity and thermal conductivity. The triangular ring elements are employed to discretize the region. Appropriate boundary conditions are framed using biophysical conditions. The numerical results are used to study the effect of tumor on temperature distribution in the region.

关键词： Thermal conductivity triangular ring element uniformly perfused tumor metabolic heat generation.

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SIMULATION OF NORTH INDIAN OCEAN TROPICAL CYCLONES USING RAMS NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION MODEL

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2014年第1期3卷 44-52页

作者： ANCY THOMAS BASANTA kumar SAMALA akshara KAGINALKAR Centre for Development of Advanced Computing Pune University Campus

Performance of non-hydrostatic Regional Atmospheric Modeling System(RAMS)in simulating the tropical cyclones of different intensities,formed during pre and post monsoon is *** is carried out for Orissa,Sidr,Mala,h04B,01A,and Agni *** simulated cyclone track,winds at 850 hpa and 200 hpa and other thermodynamical features associated with the development of cyclones such as vertical wind shear and mid tropospheric humidity and sea surface temperature are compared with *** tracks of all cyclones are reasonably well simulated by the model except for *** track error increases with the simulation *** model overestimates the lowest mean sea level pressure as compared to the *** model represents the low level circulation and upper air divergence of wind realistic during all the cyclone cases.

关键词： RAMS tropical cyclones cyclone track simulation

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TWO-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN DERMAL TISSUES OF EXTENDED SPHERICAL ORGANS OF A HUMAN BODY

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2013年第1期6卷 69-83页

作者： akshara MAKRARIYA NEERU ADLAKHA Department of Applied Mathematics and Humanities SVNIT Surat Gujarat 395007 India

In the present study the thermal model of skin and subdermal tissues （SST） of human breast have been developed. The human breast is assumed to be spherical in shape with upper hemisphere projecting out from the trunk of the body and lower hemisphere is considered to be a part of the body core. The upper hemisphere represents the breast and its SST region is divided into three layers namely epidermis, dermis and subdermal tissues. The inner part of the breast represents the core/shell of the breast. The outer surface of the breast is assumed to be exposed to the environment from where the heat loss takes place by conduction, convection, radiation and evaporation. The heat transfer from core to the surface takes place by thermal conduction and blood perfusion. Also metabolic activity takes place at different rates in different SST layers of the breast. Boundary conditions have been framed on the basis of physical conditions. A finite element model has been developed for a two-dimensional steady state case.

关键词： Extended spherical organs finite element method temperature distribution.

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