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The Projected Changes of Precipitations over Niger Under the Scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2022年第6期11卷 248-266页

作者： Mounkaila saley Moussa Yacoubou Mahamadou abdou saley Inoussa Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and TechniquesAbdou Moumouni UniversityBP:10662NiameyNiger Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences of EducationAndre Salifou UniversityBP:656ZinderNiger

The socio-economic activities of Niger rely on agriculture which is strongly affected by changes in precipitation during the rainy *** ultimate aim of this study is to assess the projected changes of precipitation over Niger under the Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)scenarios 4.5(RCP 4.5)and RCP 8.5 using multi-RCM(Multi-Regional Climate)model *** observation data are from CHIRPS(Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station)and the RCMs are from the SMHI(Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute)model(RCA4)driven by ten(10)different GCMs(General Circulation Model)(e.g.,CCCma,CSIRO,ICHEC,IPSL,MIROC,MOHC-HadGEM2,MPI,NCC-NorESM1,NOOA,and NRCM)within the framework of CORDEX(Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment)Africa *** reference and projections periods in this study are respectively 1981-2005 for the present and 2011-2100 for the near,medium and far future divided into three periods,2011 to 2040(P1),2041 to 2070(P2)and 2071 to 2100(P3).The methodology used,consists of assessing the performance of the multi-RCMs of RCA4 model(with respect of CHIRPS)in simulating the precipitations changes by computing the spatial distribution and anomalies of precipitations;and their indices of RMSE(Root Mean Square Error),the bias,SPI(Standardized Precipitation Anomaly Index),correlation coefficient,statistical t-test,spatial evolution rate and the rate of temporal *** the validation of the multi-RCMs RCA4 models,the ensemble mean of the models is used to assess the projected changes of precipitations over Niger in the *** results show that most of the multi-RCMs capture the four climatic zone except for *** the ensemble mean of the models simulates(as compared to CHIRPS)more accurately the monthly,annual precipitations anomalies and their indices than individual’s models in the reference period,some RCMs(e.g.,CSIRO-IPSL and CCCma-HadGEM)poorly reproduce *** projected changes of precip

关键词： Climate projection precipitation changes anomaly scenarios RCP Niger Sahel

Could ERA5 Deliver Better Climate Services Than ERA-Interim over the West African Sahel Region?

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2024年第4期13卷 144-158页

作者： Mahamane Rabilou Iro Ousmane Inoussa abdou saley Saidou Chaibou abdoul Aziz Mounkaila saley Moussa Kone Diakaria Ibrah Seidou Sanda Manga Ousmane Adamou Dungall Laouali Département de Physique Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéAbdou MoumouniBP 10662NiameyNiger Diori Hamani International Airport BP 1096NiameyNiger West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Doctoral Research Program in Climate Change and Energy(DRP-CCE)Abdou Moumouni UniversityBP 10662NiameyNiger African School of Meteorology and Civil Aviation(EAMAC) B.P 746NiameyNiger Centre Climatique Régional pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest et Sahel(AGRHYMET-CCR-AOS) BP 11011NiameyNiger

Our paper assessed the improvement performance of the reanalysis(ERA5)compared to ERAI(ERA-Interim)both from the ECMWF(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast)in representing the WAM(West African Monsoon)*** aim is to evaluate the reliability of ERA5 to deliver better climate services than ERAI in the West African Sahel *** complementary observational databases namely the CRU(Climate Research Unit)and the GPCC(Global Precipitation Climatology Center)data are used to evaluate precipitation and temperature representation by the two ***,the representation of some major features of the WAM system,such as the SHL(Saharan Heat Low),the AEJ/TEJ(African and Tropical Easterly Jets)was assessed using the two reanalysis *** obtained results show a better representation of the seasonal accumulated precipitation and average temperature by ERA5 compared to ERAI with higher spatial correlation and lower bias relative to the ***,ERAI appears to be rainier than ERA5 but ERA5 produces more heavy rainfall *** the period of intense monsoon,the frequency of the SHL is higher for ERAI which would favor intensification of monsoon inflow and *** lower SHL frequency observed in the ERA5 could explain the observed weakening intensity of AEJ which is favorable for moist conditions over the *** findings confirm the progress made by ERA5 compared to ERAI in representing the WAM dynamic and demonstrate its reliability for delivering better climate services over the West African Sahel.

关键词： ERA5 ERAI West African Monsoon System Sahel SHL

Agro-Morphological Variability in Eight Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Morphotypes from Zinder (Niger)

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Oumarou Zango Rabiou abdou saley Adamou Salamatou Agbo So Timothée Kouassi Bakasso Yacoubou Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation de la Biodiversité au Sahel Département de Biologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Abdou Moumouni Niamey Niger

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) has economic importance for the producers and the traders as cash crop since it generates substantial income for households in Niger. The objective of this study was to assess eight (8) Bambara groundnut morphotype from Université André Salifou de Zinder in Niger Republic by their morphological and agronomic characters. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the rainy season of 2020-2021. Data were collected on the Number of leaves, Plant height (cm), Growth habit (cm), Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Number of nodes/stem, Number of stems/plant, Number of pods/plant, Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g), Length of seeds (mm), Width of seeds (mm), Weight of seeds/Plot (kg). There were significant differences for all characters, except Number of leaves, Terminal leaflet length, Terminal leaflet width, Length of seeds (mm) Weight of 100 pods (g), Weight of 100 seeds (g). The morphotypes UZ-VZ-04, UZ-VZ-03, UZ-VZ-06, UZ-VZ-02 and UZ-VZ-05 have demonstrated good performance for grain weight per plot and can be useful for a breeding program.

关键词： Vigna subterranea Accessions Agro-Morphological Traits Weight of 100 Seeds

Hepatic Elastometry in the Management of Hepatitis B at National Hospital of Niamey

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期14卷 313-321页

作者： Ousseini Fanta Hamidine Illa Moussa saley Sahada abdourahamane Idrissa Fatouma abdou Nafissatou Ali Cheik Rakia abdou Boubé abdou Djibo Ben Moctar Ky Lawagoulé Joseph Emile Daou Mamane Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Laboratoire de Recherche Clinique et Systme de Sant Niger Universit Andr Salifou of Zinder Zinder Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Zinder National Hospital Zinder Niger Department of Infectiology National Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Regional Hospital Centre of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology The University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine General Reference Hospital of Niamey Niamey Niger

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem in Niger which is classified as a high endemicity area with a prevalence ranging from 8 to 17% depending on the studies [1] and that of HBV-related cirrhosis is about 40.26% in 2024. The decision to treat is based on a combination of three parameters: viral load, ALT values and the degree of hepatic fibrosis [2]. The latter is assessed by hepatic elastography (Fibroscan), which is a decisive factor in treatment. In Niger, until 2024, the decision to treat or not to treat a patient with HBV was based on the determination of viral load B and transaminases, and no work evaluating the contribution of this third element, liver elasticity, has been done, hence the interest of our study. Objective: To study the contribution of Fibroscan in measuring hepatic elasticity in the management of patients with HBV. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 05 to November 30, i.e. a period of 11 months, on clinically asymptomatic HBsAg-positive patients who had undergone FibroScan liver elasticity measurement. The examination was carried out by a hepatogastroenterologist who had received training in the Fibroscan. The median of ten measures of liver elasticity at the same point with an IQR of less than 30% was considered the valid measure and no or minimal fibrosis was defined as a value ˂7 Kpa, moderate fibrosis as a value between 7 and 10 kpa, severe fibrosis as a value greater than 10 Kpa, and the existence of cirrhosis as a value greater than 14 Kpa were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Out of 398 patients monitored for HBV, 60 cases met the inclusion criteria, i.e., a frequency of 15.07%. The mean age of the patients was 35.63 years, with extremes of 18 and 70 years. They were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 3.2. Married patients accounted for 61.67% (n = 37). Jaundice was absent in 91.67% (n = 55). The circumstances of discovery of HBV were the routine health

关键词： Hepatic Elasticity Fibroscan Fibrosis Hepatitis B Niger

Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Infections in Sickle Cell Children in Two Referral Hospitals in Niamey, Niger

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 36-42页

作者： Kamaye Moumouni Samaila Aboubacar Garba Moumouni Georges Thomas Ibrahim Mamoudou abdou Djafar Mamane Halima Hamadou Ibrahim Hamani Issaka Djibrilla Almoustapha Amadou Yacouba abdourahamane Marou Soumana Boubacar Moussa saley Sahada Bade Malam abdou Soumana Alido Service de Pédiatrie A H&#244pital National de Niamey Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Pédiatrie H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger Service d’Onco-Hématologie H&#244pital national de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Biologie Médicale H&#244pital national Amirou Boubacar Diallo Niamey Niger

Introduction: Infections are significant causes of mortality in sickle cell children in resource-limited countries. This study aimed to determine the clinical profile and bacterial ecology of infections in children with sickle-cell disease in two referral hospitals in Niamey. Patients and methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from January 2018 to July 2020 in two referral hospitals in Niamey. All children aged one (1) to 15 years with sickle cell disease admitted for suspected infection, including at least one bacterial culture, were studied. Bacteriological analysis was performed using the appropriate culture media, using BactAlert (Reference 4700003 BTA3D60 BioMérieux). Results: Over 36-months, 350 children with a mean age of 10.9 months were admitted. The sex ratio was 1.2. The SS electrophoretic profile was the most common (93.4%). Immunization status was up to date in 66% of patients. Fever was the common reason for consultation (55.1%). Infection was confirmed in 62 patients (17.7%). The primary diagnoses were bacterial gastroenteritis (24.2%) and urinary tract infection (19.4%). Blood cultures were isolated from Salmonella typhi (13.0%) and Escherichia coli (8.7%). Klebsiella spp (7.1%) and Escherichia coli (5.0%) were detected in cytobacteriological examination of urine. Salmonella typhi (23.5%) and Escherichia coli (5.9%) were isolated on coproculture. Conclusion: Bacterial ecology appears not different from that usually observed in sickle-cell children. Salmonella and Escherichia coli were predominant.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Child Infection Niger

Mathematical Analysis and Simulation of an Age-Structured Model of Two-Patch for Tuberculosis (TB)

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第15期7卷 1882-1902页

作者： Badjo Kimba abdoul Wahid saley Bisso Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

This paper studied a structured model by age of tuberculosis. A population divided into two parts was considered for the study. Each subpopulation is submitted to a program of vaccination. It was allowed the migration of vaccinated people only between the two patches. After the determination of and , the local and global stability of the disease-free equilibrium was studied. It showed the existence of three endemic equilibrium points. The theoretical results were illustrated by a numeric simulation.

关键词： Age-Structured Reproductive Number Two-Patch TB Stability Simulation

Mathematical Analysis of an Optimal Control Problem of Surface Water Pollution

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Applied Mathematics 2017年第2期8卷 164-179页

作者： Djibo Moustapha Hamidou Haoua saley Bisso Department of Mathematics and Informatics Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

We present in this paper a new technique based on Gelfand’s triplet [1] and include differential theory to make a theoretical analysis of an optimal control problem with constraints governed by coupled partial differential equations. This technique allowed us to give some theoretical results of existence and uniqueness of the solution of constraints and characterize the optimal control.

关键词： Sand Dune Formation Objective Function Operators State Equation

Female Genital Fistula Deemed Incurable in a National Obstetric Fistula Reference Center in Niger

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第10期12卷 1079-1085页

作者： Idi Nafiou abdoulaye Idrissa Allassane saley Nana Hadiza Université abdou MOUMOUNI Niamey Niger CNRFO Niamey Niger

Introduction Female genital fistula remains a global concern especially in incoming countries. The majority of cases resulted from obstructed delivery labor. The treatment is by surgery exceptional by probe for very small cases. But some ones remain incurable after several surgery theaters. The objective of this study is to establish the epidemiology anatomopathological types and prognosis of FGF considered being incurable in our center. Methods This is a retrospective and prospective descriptive study from January 2, 2017 to July 14, 2021 on incurable cases of female genital fistula recorded at the Centre National de Réparation de Fistule Obstétricale (CNRFO) of Niamey for complex cases of fgf. The epidemiology, the lesions of vagina, uretra, bladder, the treatment and prognosis have been studied. Results A total of 522 cases were operated within 5 cases given incurable (0.95%). The 5 cases were 37 - 49 years old, they had fistula at their first delivery, the mean age of the fistula was around 9 years. The anatomopathological founds were vaginal severe sclerosis, extensive supra-trigonal fistula, total ureteral destruction, and partial bladder destruction. All the 5 patients treated by surgery were declared incurable. Conclusion Female genital fistula is not life-threatening but a major definitive handicap for theses prim parous. The treatment fail is linked with local lesions, continuous urine and fecal incontinency, added by iterative surgery. They remain judged incurable whether a surgery was by skilled practitioner.

关键词： Fistula FGF Incurable Niamey Niger

Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Sand Dune Formation in an Incompressible Out-Flow

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第5期6卷 864-876页

作者： Yahaya Mahamane Nouri[alassanenouri@yahoo.fr] saley Bisso Department of Mathematics and Informatic Abdou Moumouni Unversity Niamey Niger

In this paper, we are concerned with computation of a mathematical model of sand dune formation in a water of surface to incompressible out-flows in two space dimensions by using Chebyshev projection scheme. The mathematical model is formulate by coupling Navier-Stokes equations for the incompressible out-flows in 2D fluid domain and Prigozhin’s equation which describes the dynamic of sand dune in strong parameterized domain in such a way which is a subset of the fluid domain. In order to verify consistency of our approach, a relevant test problem is considered which will be compared with the numerical results given by our method.

关键词： Sand Dune Formation Navier-Stokes Equations Incompressible Out-Flows Chebyshev Projection Scheme