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A Triterpene Glycoside Fraction, TG from <i>Gymnema.s.lvestre</i>Ameliorates Insulin Resistance by stimulating Glucose Uptake in 3T3L1 Adipocytes and C2C12 skeletal Muscle Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第11期8卷 137-151页

作者： shenoy s. Rashmi Haravey Krishnan Manonmani Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore India Academy of scientific and Innovative Research CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysore India

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which is characterized by insulin resistance in muscle and adipose tissues is a major problem worldwide. Plant based medications are well known from ancient times for possessing antidiabetic properties. Amongst them, Gymnema.s.lvestre (Gs) is one such antidiabetic medicinal plant which has been used traditionally over the yea.s.for the treatment of T2DM. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of triterpene glycoside (TG), an active fraction isolated from ethanolic extract of Gymnema.s.lvestre (EEGs) on a battery of targets;glucose tra.s.orter (GLUT- 4), peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), adiponectin and leptin involved in glucose tra.s.ort and metabolism. No cytotoxic effects were observed in treated cells up to 600 μg/ml of TG as measured by MTT and ROs a.s.ys. Elevation of GLUT-4 and PPAR-γ by TG in a.s.ciation with glucose tra.s.ort supported the upregulation of glucose uptake at concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/ml respectively. Additionally, TG showed higher expression of adiponectin and leptin, confirming the favorable pharmacological effect of TG on insulin resistance. The results were comparable to the known antidiabetic drug pioglitazone and commercial standard DAG. Thus TG could be considered as a.s.fe nutraceutical candidate/functional phytoingredient in amelioration of insulin resistance.

关键词： Insulin Resistance Gymnema.s.lvestre GLUT-4 PPAR-γ Glucose Uptake

Adult intussusception:A case series and review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2017年第5期9卷 220-227页

作者： santosh shenoy Department of surgery KCVA and University of Missouri Kansas CityMO 64128United States

To identify factors differentiating pathologic adult intussusception (AI) from benign ca.s.s and the need for an operative intervention. Current evidence available from the literature is discussed. METHODsThis is a case series of eleven patients over the age of 18 and a.s.rgical consultation for “Intussusception” at a.s.ngle veteran’s hospital over a five-year period (2011-2016). AI was diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) scan and or flexible endoscopy (colonoscopy). surgical referra.s.were from the emergency room, endoscopy suites and the radiologists. REsULTsA total of 11 cases, 9 males and 2 females were diagnosed with AI. Median age was 58 yea.s. Abdominal pain and change in bowel habits were most common symptoms. CT scan and or colonoscopy diagnosed AI, in ten/eleven (90%) patients. There were 6 small bowel-small bowel, 4 ileocecal, and 1 sigmoid-rectal AI. 8 patients (72%) needed an operation. Bowel resection was required and definitive pathology was diagnosed in 7 patients (63%). Five patients had malignant and 2 patients had benign etiology. small bowel enteroscopy excluded pathology in 4 cases (37%) with AI. Younger patients tend to have a benign diagnosis. CONCLUsIONMajority of AI have malignant etiology however idiopathic intussusception is being seen more frequently. Operative intervention remains the mainstay however, certain small bowel intussusception especially in younger patients may be a benign, physiological, tra.s.ent phenomenon and laparoscopy with reduction or watchful waiting may be an acceptable strategy. These patients should undergo endoscopic or ca.s.le endoscopy to exclude intrinsic luminal lesions.

关键词： Adult intussusception Endoscopy Computed tomography scan surgery Laparoscopy

Genetic risks and familial a.s.ciations of small bowel carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第6期8卷 509-519页

作者： santosh shenoy Department of surgery KCVAUniversity of Missouri at Kansas City

Adenocarcinoma of small intestines(sBA) is a relatively rare malignancy with poor outcomes due to delayed *** percent of patients have metastases on presentation and therefore early detection and treatment offers the best long term *** genetic polyposis syndromes and familial diseases are a.s.ciatedwith increased risks for *** include familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP),Lynch syndromes(Ls),Juvenile polyposis syndrome,Peutz-Jeghers syndrome,Crohn's disease(CD) and celiac *** in APC gene,Mismatch repair genes,sTK11 gene,and sMAD4 gene have been implicated for the genetic diseases *** there are no specific inherited genetic mutations for CD,genome-wide a.s.ciation studies have established over 140 loci a.s.ciated with *** island mutations with defects in mismatch repair genes have been identified in celiac *** diagnostic advances have occurred in the past decade and intuitively,it would seem beneficial to use these advanced modalities for surveillance of these *** present it is debatable and no clear data exists to support this approach except for established guidelines to diagnose duodenal polyps in FAP,and *** we discuss the genetic alterations,cancer risks,signaling mechanisms and briefly touch the surveillance modalities available for these genetic and clinical *** language articles from Pub Med/Medline and Embase was searched were collected using the phrases "small-bowel adenocarcinoma,genetics,surveillance,familial adenomatous polyposis,lynch syndromes,Peutz-Jeghers syndrome,juvenile polyposis syndrome,CD and celiac disease".Figures,tables and schematic diagram to illustrate pathwa.s.are included in the review.

关键词： small intestinal adenocarcinoma Genetic risks Mutations signaling pathways surveillance

Investigation of Coronavirus Deposition in Realistic Human Nasal Cavity and Impact of social Distancing to Contain COVID-19:A Computational Fluid Dynamic Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2020年第12期125卷 1185-1199页

作者： Mohammad Zuber John Valerian Corda Milad Ahmadi Bsatish shenoy Irfan Anjum Badruddin Ali E.Anqi Kamarul Arifin Ahmad s.M.Abdul Khader Leslie Lewis Mohammad Anas Khan sarfaraz Kamangar Department of Aeronautical&Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India Department of Mechanics of solids Surfaces and SystemsFaculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede7522The Netherlands Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India Department of Paediatrics Kasturba Medical College&HospitalManipal576104India Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaDelhi110025India

The novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 has spread to several countries within a considerably short *** virus gets deposited in the human nasal cavity and moves to the lungs that might be *** per safety guidelines by theWorld Health Organization(WHO),social distancing has emerged as one of the major factors to avoid the spread of ***,different guidelines are being followed across the countries with regards to what should be the safe ***,the current work is an attempt to understand the virus deposition pattern in the realistic human nasal cavity and a.s. to find the impact of distance that could be termed as a.s.fety *** study is performed usingComputationalFluid Dynamics as a.s.lution tool to investigate the impact of COVID-19 deposition(i)On a realistic 3D human upper airway model and(ii)2D social distancing protocol for a distance of 0.6,1.2,1.8,and 2.4 *** results revealed that the regional deposition flux within the nasal cavity was predominantly observed in the external nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal *** flushing of these regions with saltwater substitutes can limit contamination in healthy *** safe distancing limit estimated with 1 m/s airflow was about 1.8 *** extensive deposition was observed for distances less than 1.8 m in this study,emphasizing the fact that social distancing advisories are not useful and do not take into account the external dynamics a.s.ciated with airflow.

关键词： COVID-19 upper respiratory tract virus deposition social distancing

Routine diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn's disease in southern India

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 5017-5024页

作者： Geir La.s.on Thrivikrama shenoy Ramalingom Ramasubramanian Leena Kondarappa.s.ry Balakumaran Milada Cvancarova.s.stuen Gunnar a.s.l Bjune Bjφrn Allan Moum Department of Medicine Unger-Vetlesen InstituteLovisenberg Diaconal HospitalNO-0440 OsloNorway Population Health and Research Institute Medical College POTrivandrum 695011KeralaIndia Thoothukudi Government Medical College Thoothukudi 628002Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNO-0318 OsloNorway Institute of Health and society Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNO-0318 OsloNorway Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute of Clinical MedicineOslo University Hospital UllevlNO-0424 OsloNorway

AIM:To investigate whether routinely measured clinical variables could aid in differentiating intestinal tuberculosis(ITB)from Crohn’s disease(CD).METHODs:ITB and CD patients were prospectively included at four south Indian medical centres from October 2009 to July *** investigations included case history,physical examination,blood biochemistry,ileocolonoscopy and histopathological examination of *** were followed-up after 2 and 6 mo of *** diagnosis of ITB or CD was re-evaluated after 2 mo of antituberculous chemotherapy or immune suppressive therapy respectively,based on improvement in signs,symptoms and laboratory *** study was considered to be an exploratory ***,endoscopic and histopathological features recorded at the time of inclusion were subject to univariate *** variables with sufficient number of recordings and Pstic regression models,adjusted for known ***,we calculated the odds ratios with respective confidence interva.s.for variables a.s.ciated with either ITB or ***:This study included 38 ITB and 37 CD ***,ITB patients had the lowest body ma.s.index(19.6 vs 22.7,P=0.01)and more commonly reported weight loss(73%vs 38%,Ps 33%,P=0.01)and rural domicile(58%vs 35%,Pscopy typically showed mucosal nodularity(17/31 vs 2/37,Pstopathology more frequently showed granulomas(10/30vs 2/35,Ps more frequently reported mala.s.(87%vs 64%,P=0.03),na.s.a(84%vs 56%,P=0.01),pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant on examination(90%vs 54%,Ps 42%,Pscopy typically showed involvement of multiple intestinal segments(27/37 vs 9/31,Psing logistic regression analysis we found weight loss and nodularity of the mucosa were independently a.s.ciated with ITB,with adjusted odds ratios of 8.6(95%CI:2.1-35.6)and 18.9(95%CI:3.5-10

关键词： Diagnosis Differential Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal Crohn's disease India signs and symptoms Endoscopy Histopathology

symmetrical peripheral gangrene triggered by Escherichia coli sepsis

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Journal of Acute Disease 2022年第5期11卷 206-208页

作者： shenoy Manjunath Mala Bendigeri Mukhthar Ahmed Department of Dermatology Yenepoya Medical CollegeDeralakatteMangaloreIndia Department of Medicine Yenepoya Medical CollegeDeralakatteMangaloreIndia

Rationale:symmetrical peripheral gangrene is a rare acute condition triggered by several medical *** needs to be recognized early and treated as an ***’s Concern:A 40-year-old patient without any comorbidities presented with sudden onset of pain,swelling,blistering and bluish discoloration of the fingers and toes a.s.ciated with fever and constitutional *** the fingers and toes turned dark and they were cold to ***:Diagnosis of symmetrical peripheral gangrene was made and *** culture isolated Escherichia coli indicating a possible role in the ca.s.tion of symmetrical peripheral ***:Patient was managed with antibiotics and anticoagulants along with supportive ***:There was improvement in patient’s general condition along with development of gangrene demarcation line of the fingers and ***:Awareness of this condition is needed and an early management is recommended including recognizing the ca.s. and supportive therapy to prevent complications.

关键词： Gangrene symmtrical Perioheral Escherichia coli Anticoagulant

Interplay of Quantum stochastic and Dynamical Ma.s.to Discern Markovian and Non-Markovian Tra.s.tions

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Journal of Quantum Information science 2012年第3期2卷 47-54页

作者： A. R. Usha Devi A. K. Rajagopal s. shenoy R. W. Rendell Department of Physics Bangalore University Bangalore India Inspire Institute Inc. Alexandria Virginia USA

It is known that the dynamical evolution of a.s.stem, from an initial tensor product state of system and environment, to any two later times, t1, t2 (t2 > t1), are both completely positive (CP) but in the intermediate times between t1 and t2 it need not be CP. This revea.s.the key to the Markov (if CP) and non Markov (if it is not CP) avataras of the intermediate dynamics. This is brought out here in terms of the quantum stochastic map A and the a.s.ciated dynamical map B—without resorting to master equation approaches. We investigate these features with four examples which have entirely different physical origins: 1) A two qubit Werner state map with time dependent noise parameter;2) Phenomenological model of a recent optical experiment (Nature Physics, 7, 931 (2011)) on the open system evolution of photon polarization;3) Hamiltonian dynamics of a qubit coupled to a bath of N qubits;4) Two qubit unitary dynamics of Jordan et al. (Phys. Rev. A 70, 052110 (2004) with initial product states of qubits. In all these models, it is shown that the positivity/negativity of the eigenvalues of intermediate time dynamical B map determines the Markov/non-Markov nature of the dynamics.

关键词： Open system Dynamics Non Markovianity Not Completely Positive Maps

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一个用于计算机辅助工程的关系数据库

国外导弹与航天运载器 1989年第8期 9-12页

作者： R.s.shenoy 朱凤石

ARDBID为一用于交互式设计的关系数据库,本文描述其主要特征。该数据库存储在CAD/CAM环境下得到的图形数据与非图形数据。除数据处理功能外,ARDBID还含有为CAD系统用户提供辅助手段的各种程序。

关键词：数据库 CAD 关系型 CAM

Towards a natural cla.s.fication and backbone tree for sordariomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第3期72卷 199-301页

作者： sajeewa.s.N.Maharachchikumbura Kevin D.Hyde EBGareth Jones Eric H.C.McKenzie shi-Ke Huang Mohamed A.Abdel-Wahab Dinushani A.Daranagama Monika Dayarathne Melvina J.D’souza Ishani D.Goonasekara.s.nang Hongsanan Ruvishika.s.Jayawardena Paul M.Kirk sirinapa Konta Jian-Kui Liu Zuo-Yi Liu Chada Norphanphoun Ka-Lai Pang Rekhani H.Perera Indunil C.senanayake Qiuju shang Belle Damodara shenoy Yuanpin Xiao Ali H.Bahkali Jichuan Kang sayanh somrothipol satinee suetrong Tingchi Wen Jianchu Xu Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouChina Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201YunnanChina World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand The Engineering and Research Center for southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025Guizhou ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524Egypt Institute of Marine Biology and Centre of Excellence for the Oceans Taiwan Ocean University2 Pei-Ning RoadKeelung 20224TaiwanRepublic of China Mycology section Royal Botanic GardensKewLondonUK Microbe Interaction Laboratory(BMIT) National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)113 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum ThaniThailand Fungal Diversity Laboratory(BFBD) National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)113 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum ThaniThailand Biological Oceanography Division CSIR-National Institute of OceanographyDona PaulaGoa 403004India Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesNo 9 of ShuGuangHuaYuanZhangLuHaidian DistrictBeijing 100097China

sordariomycetes is one of the largest cla.s.s of Ascomycota and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate *** cla.s.includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprobes,epiphytes,and fungicolous,lichenized or lichenicolous *** cla.s.includes freshwater,marine and terrestrial taxa and has a worldwide *** paper provides an updated outline of the sordariomycetes and a backbone tree incorporating asexual and sexual genera in the *** on phylogeny and morphology we introduced three subcla.s.s;Diaporthomycetidae,Lulworthiomycetidae and Meliolomycetidae and five orders;Amplistromatales,Annulatascales,Falcocladiales,Jobellisiales and *** outline is based on literature to the end of 2014 and the backbone tree published in this *** for 397 taxa with information,such as new family and genera novelties,novel molecular data published since the Outline of Ascomycota 2009,and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies,are *** sordariomycetes now comprises six subcla.s.s,28 orders,90 families and 1344 *** addition a list of 829 genera with uncertain placement in sordariomycetesis a.s. provided.

关键词： Boliniales Calosphaeriales Chaetosphaeriales Coniochaetales Coronophorales Diaporthales Glomerellales Hypocreomycetidae Hypocreales Koralionastetales Lulworthiales Magnaporthales Melanosporales Meliolales Microascales Molecular identification Nomenclature Ophiostomatales Phyllachorales sordariales sordariomycetidae Taxonomy Trichosphaeriales Type species Xylariales Xylariomycetidae