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Study of Smart Grid Communication Network Architectures and Technologies

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2019年第3期7卷 19-29页

作者： naeem Raza Muhammad Qasim Akbar Aized Amin Soofi Samia Akbar Department of Computer Science National Textile University Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan

Smart Grid (SG) is an emerging paradigm of the modern world to upgrade and enhance the existing conventional electrical power infrastructure from generation to distribution to the consumers in a two-way communication fashion to automate the electrical power demand and supply and make this a cyber-physical system. SG infrastructure key elements, such as smart meters, circuit breakers, transformers, feeders, substations, control centers, grid stations, are required well-formed communication network architectures. SG infrastructure is divided into three main communication networks architectures, such as HAH, NAN, and WAN. Each of these communication network architectures requires reliable, stable, secure, high data rate at real-time with the help of different wireline and wireless communication technologies from HAN to WAN networks. To understand the complete concepts about SG, a concise review is presented and it will help the readers to get foundations of communication network architectures and technologies of SG.

关键词： Smart Grid Communication Network Architectures Wireline and Wireless Communication Technologies HAN NAN WAN

Quantitative Determination of Fluoxetine in Pharmaceuticals and Plasma Samples Using Bromatometric Method

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第12期3卷 828-835页

作者： Jasmin Shah Muhammad Rasul Jan Muhammad naeem Khan Sadaf Durrani Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan

Asensitive and simple spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative determination of fluoxetine using bromatometric method. The method is based on the addition of measured excess amount of bromate-bromide mixture to fluoxetine in hydrochloric acid medium. The residual bromine was determined by reacting with a fixed amount ofmethyl orange and absorbance was measured at 505 nm. The amount of bromine reacted corresponds to the amount of fluoxetine. Linear relationship between absorbance and fluoxetine concentration was found and Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.4 - 12 μg·mL–1. The molar absorptivity was found to be 3.8 × 104 L·mol–1·cm–1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification was calculated and found to be 0.32 μg·mL–1 and 1.0 μg·mL–1respectively. The common excipients were investigated for their interferences effect in the assay. The validity of the developed method was checked through recoveries studies and successfully applied to the determination of fluoxetine in bulk powder, pharmaceutical formulations and spiked human plasma samples. The percent recoveries were found to be in the range of 97.0% - 101.0% for pharmaceutical formulations and from 97.0% - 99.0% for spiked human plasma.

关键词： Fluoxetine Bromatometric Method Methyl Orange Spectrophotometry

Dry matter degradation kinetics of selected tropical forage in Nili-Ravi buffalo and Cholistani cows at heifer and lactating stages using NorFor in situ standards

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Journal of Zoological Research 2019年第1期1卷 10-19页

作者： Muhammad naeem Tahir Zahid Khan Saima Zahid Kamran Fatma Inal University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan Department of Animal Nutrition University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases Selcuk UniversityKonya 42100Turkey

Current methods of ruminant ration formulation in Pakistan use foreign-based nutrient availability *** values may not be optimal for all geographic areas,as variation in environment,agronomic factors,animal species,and diet characteristics may not be *** aim of present study was to establish a database of the chemical composition and dry matter degradation parameters of tropical forage commonly fed to ruminants in Pakistan and South Asian countries using Nili-Ravi buffalo and Cholistani cattle at heifer and lactating *** cereal grain and four legume species were grown in 3 locations under standard agronomic conditions and sampled at booting and at 50%flowering stage for cereal and legumes,*** and milled feeds were analyzed for chemical composition and in situ dry matter degradation parameters using 1 g samples in bags placed in the rumen of 2 Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers,2 lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes,2 Cholistani heifers,and 2 lactating Cholistani *** forage family(cereal ***),species,and geographic location of growth significantly influenced(P0.05).Legume-by-heifer interactions significantly increased(P<0.05),and legume-by-lactating cow interaction tended(P=0.065),to increase the rate of degradation(Kd).The selected forages were degiaded to a similar extent independent of animal species or developmental stage,and legumes are degraded at higher rates and to a greater extent than are cereals.A moderately significant relationship between Kd and effective dry matter degradability(DMD)suggests tliat Kd co|iild be the single most important predictor of forage degi adability in the rumen.

关键词： Animal species Cattle feed Dry matter degradability Developmental stage Tropical forage

Role of Organic Amendments to Mitigate Cd Toxicity and Its Assimilation in Triticum aestivum L.

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第11期91卷 2491-2504页

作者： Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir Sobia Aslam Muhammad Shahid Rizwan Allah Wasaya Muhammad Ateeq Muhammad naeem Khan Sikander Khan Tanveer Walid Soufan Basharat Ali Allah Ditta Arpna Kumari Ayman EL Sabagh College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityBahadur Sub-Campus Layyah31200Pakistan Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Directorate General Soil Survey of Punjab Agriculture DepartmentLahore54780Pakistan National Agricultural Research Centre Islamabad44000Pakistan Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Agricultural Engineering Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Department of Environmental Sciences Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University SheringalDir(U)Khyber Pakhtunkhwa18000Pakistan Academy of Biology and Biotechnology Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don344006Russia Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El Sheikh33511Egypt

In soil biota,higher and enduring concentration of heavy metals like cadmium(Cd)is hazardous and associated with great loss in growth,yield,and quality parameters of most of the crop ***,in-situ applications of eco-friendly stabilizing agents in the form of organic modifications have been utilized to mitigate the adverse effects of *** controlled experiment was laid down to appraise the imprints of various applied organic amendments namely poultry manure(PM),farmyard manure(FYM),and sugarcane press mud(PS)to immobilize Cd in polluted ***,phytoavailability of Cd in wheat was also accessed under an alkaline *** revealed that the addition of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))in Cd-contaminated soil significantly increased germination rate,leaf chlorophyll content,plant height,spike length,biological and grain yield amongst all applied organic ***,the addition of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))also reduced the phytoavailability of Cd by 73–85%in the roots,57–83%in the shoots,and 81–90%in grains of wheat ***,it is affirmed that incorporation of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))performed better to enhance wheat growth and yield by remediating ***,the application of FYM(5–10 ton ha^(-1))reduced the toxicity induced by Cd to plants by declining its uptake and translocation as compared to all other applied organic amendments to immobilize Cd under sandy alkaline polluted soil.

关键词： Cadmium toxicity mitigation chlorophyll attributes morphometry yield attributes cereal

A Comparison between Neutron Activation Analysis and X-Ray Fluorescence Methods in Analyzing the Granite Samples

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第9期7卷 803-807页

作者： Hayder Salah naeem Pegah Moradi Khaniabadi Eid Mahmoud Eid Collage of Basic Education AlMuthanaa University Samawah/Al-Muthanna 66001 Iraq School of Physics University Sains Malaysia Penang 11800 Malaysia

This study focused on the performance of where elements analysing techniques were used to detect the elements in granite stones. These techniques are NAA （neutron activation analysis） and XRF （X-ray fluorescence）. They were applied to detect the elements in samples which had been chosen from different areas of Pulua Penang in Malaysia collected by geophysics group which helped to describe and identify the elements found in the granite stone that were used in the study procedures to control the analytical results. The integration of both methods has enabled the researcher to determine 40 elements in the samples. The numbers of elements detected by XRF analysis method are 12 elements （Ar, K, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn）; while, the elements detected by NAA method have three folds of elements with XRF analysis method were 35 elements （Na, AI, Si, K, Ca, Sc,Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ga, Ce, As, Br, Rb, Zr, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Nd, Sm, Eu,Tb, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Pa and Np）. Seven common elements were detected in both techniques： K, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe and Co. Si has a higher concentration in NAA technique which is 331.8 ppm. Sc has a lower concentration in XRF technique which is 0.25 ppm. Nd has a lower concentration in NAA technique which is 3.09 - 10-5 ppm. Finally, it is found that the NAA is better to detect the elements than XRF.

关键词： Radiation science radiation physics NAA XRF analyzing methods.

融合乌尔都语词性序列预测的汉乌神经机器翻译

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计算机工程与科学 2024年第3期46卷 518-524页

作者：陈欢欢王剑 Muhammad naeem Ul Hassan 昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院云南昆明650500 昆明理工大学云南省人工智能重点实验室云南昆明650500

面向南亚和东南亚的小语种机器翻译,目前已有不少研究团队开展了深入研究,但作为巴基斯坦官方语言的乌尔都语,由于稀缺的数据资源和与汉语之间的巨大差距,有针对性的汉乌机器翻译方法研究非常稀少。针对这种情况,提出了基于Transformer... 详细信息

面向南亚和东南亚的小语种机器翻译,目前已有不少研究团队开展了深入研究,但作为巴基斯坦官方语言的乌尔都语,由于稀缺的数据资源和与汉语之间的巨大差距,有针对性的汉乌机器翻译方法研究非常稀少。针对这种情况,提出了基于Transformer的融合乌尔都语词性序列的汉乌神经机器翻译模型。首先利用Transformer对目标语言乌尔都语的词性序列进行预测,然后将翻译模型的预测结果和词性序列模型的预测结果相结合进行联合预测,从而实现语言知识到翻译模型的融入。在现有小规模汉乌数据集上的实验表明,所提方法在数据集上的BLEU值相较于基准模型提升了0.13,取得了较为明显的效果。

关键词： Transformer 神经机器翻译乌尔都语词性序列

Interpretation of Depositional Environment of Fusulinid Bearing Middle Permian Succession of Bolula and Khaja Ghar Formation, Bamian Zone, Central Afghanistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第7期13卷 499-530页

作者： Mohammad naeem Sarwary Chaman Shah Alamy Mohammad Ltif Rahimi Pramod Kumar Faculty of Geology & Mine Ghazni Technical University Ghazni Afghanistan Department of Geology Delhi University Delhi India

The study area belongs to the north Afghanistan having complex tectonic setting, because of separation of the Afghanistan plate from Pangea in Early Permian and its subsequent northward journey and collision with Eurasian plate. The rock exposed in the area belongs to Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Quaternary with Proterozoic basement. Particularly the Permian succession of Afghanistan is rich in fusulinids (larger foraminifera), is age diagnostic, provides strong biostratigraphic tool for the Permian deposits, and has paleobiogeographic applications. The Bamian zone of north Afghanistan has good exposure to Middle Permian and is designated as Bolula and Khaja Ghar Formation is undertaken in this study. The Bolula Formation overlies the greenschist and basalts, composed mainly of carbonate rocks (Dolostone and limestone), having massive limestone, with some quartz and secondary calcite vein in the succession. The intermittent siliciclastic wedges within the carbonate succession are identified as input within the platform with tectonic pulses in the hinterland. Bolula and Khaja Ghar succession is divided into 8 lithofacies ( Facies A to H) and 6 carbonate Facies viz. Sparry calcites limestone, Micritic limestone, Fossiliferous limestones (Biomicrite), Peloidal limestone (Fecal pellets), Interlaminated micritic and sparite limestone, and sandy limestone (micritic). The Bolula and Khaja Ghar Formation in the Bamian area have deposited in a shallow marine shelf environment because of predominance of carbonate rocks and presence of shallow-water marine fossils including fusulinids, small benthic foraminifera, algae, bivalve, brachiopods fragments, corals and bryozoans, etc. In the Bamian zone the unconformity between Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian;indicates extensive gap in sedimentation, traceable to many parts of Afghanistan as unconformity or tectonic contact is considered here as sequence boundary.

关键词： Permian of Afghanistan Bolula and Khajagarh Formation Fusulinid Foraminifera Depositional Environments Paleogeographic Significance

Involvement of 2'-5'oligoadenylate synthetase-like proteinin the survivalof Mycobacterium tuberculosis avirulent strain in macrophages

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Animal Diseases 2023年第4期3卷 275-285页

作者： Aikebaier Reheman Xiaojian Cao Yifan Wang Xi Nie Gang Cao Wei Zhou Bing Yang Yingying Lei Weipan Zhang Muhammad Ahsan naeem Xi Chen State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Animal Science and Technology Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Bio-Medical Center Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of Basic Sciences(Pharmacology) University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences(Narowal Campus)Lahore 54000Pakistan

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(***)can replicate in the macrophage by interfering with many host protein *** it is far from known these host proteins for controlling *** ***,we infected macrophages including THP-1 and Raw264.7 cells with *** and identified the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in the interferon signaling *** them,2'-5'oligoadenylate synthetase-like(OASL)underwent the greatest upregulation in ***-infected *** of the expression of OASL attenuated *** survival in ***,bioinformatics analysis revealed the potential interaction axis of OASL-TAB3-RvO127,which was further validated by the yeast-two-hybrid(Y2H)assay and *** interaction axis might regulate the *** survival and proliferation in *** study reveals a possible role of OASL during *** infection as a target to control its propagation.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interferon Interferon stimulated genes OASL

A Novel, Safe Way of Removing Non-Deflatable Bladder Catheter

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Open Journal of Urology 2012年第4期2卷 243-245页

作者： Ziauddin Khan Umair Tahir Khan Imran Khan Tahir naeem Khan Consultant in Urology Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal Hospital Dammam Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Pathology Northampton General Hospital Northampton UK Department of Radiology Kings College Hospital London London UK University of Leicester Leicester UK

Non-deflated balloon of a transurethral inserted bladder catheter is a problem that could be difficult to manage, especially in males. A variety of methods have been described to puncture the balloon and remove the catheter, though these can be associated with complications. We illustrate a simple and a safe method to overcome this problem using a flexible cystoscope under local anaesthesia.

关键词： Balloon Dilation Urinary Catheterization Urinary Bladder Catheters Equipment Failure