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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第5期24卷 630-637页

作者： P.Susial D.Garcia R.Susial Y.C.Clavijo a.martin Escuela de lngenierias lndustriales y Civiles Universidad de Los Palmos de Cran Canafia35017 Los Palmos de Gran CanariaCanary IslandsSpain Dept.lngenieria Qufmica y Tecnologia del Medio Ambiente Universidad de Valladolid.47071 ValladolidSpain

The vapor–liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures of propyl acetate,butyl acetate and isobutyl acetate with methanol has been determined at a constant pressure of 0.6 MPa.Results have been modeled with the Peng–Robinson equation,a traditional cubic equation of state widely employed in chemical industries,as well as with the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid PC-SAFT theory of Gross–Sadowski.By correlation of the binary interaction parameters of these equations,the measured vapor–liquid equilibrium data can be accurately predicted.Thus,this work shows that these models are able to represent the experimental data for systems with associating compounds via hydrogen bonding.

关键词：混合建模醋酸丁酯 MPa 汽液相平衡乙酸异丁酯乙酸丙酯测定压力

Reproductive biology of Gazella arabica: Predictors of offspring weight and short- and long-term offspring survival

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 643-653页

作者： Ryan a.martin Rudiger Riesch martin Plath Naif A.Al Hanoosh Torsten Wronski Department of Biology DeGrace HallCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Sciences Centre for EcologyEvolution and BehaviourRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamSurreyUK CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance College of Nursing of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloAvenida Bandeirantes 390014040-902Brazil National Center for Wildlife King Khalid Wildlife Research CenterThumamahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science School of Biological and Environmental SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK

Reproductive traits are central to organismal fitness,and so the factors influencing patterns of reproduction and offspring survival are at the heart of biology.Making use of breeding data collected over 16 years at the King Khalid Wildlife Research Centre in Saudi Arabia,we investigated the reproductive biology of Arabian gazelles Gazella arabica.Offspring survival was mainly a function of birth weight,with heavier offspring having higher survival rates than lighter offspring.However,while sons were heavier than daughters,daughters had higher survival rates.We could not find evidence that giving birth to sons negatively impacts offspring weight in the following year.We uncovered large narrow-sense heritability(h2)in offspring weight at birth,while maternal effects(m2)on birth weight were of lesser importance.However,maternal effects on offspring survival were strong until weaning age,while paternal effects dominated survival to sexual maturity and first reproduction.We propose that variation in maternal postnatal care might overshadow the effects of maternal inheritance of birth weights,while the overall strong heritability of weight at birth and the paternal effects on survival llustrates strong variance in sire fitness based on genetic quality,suggesting a role for sexual selectionbyfemalemate choiceinwildpopulations.

关键词： Arabian gazelles heritability life-history evolution offspring mortality sex differences ungulates

A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 263-272页

作者： Shengyu Wang Philip a.martin Yan Hao William J.Sutherland Gorm E.Shackelford Jihua Wu Ruiting Ju Wenneng Zhou Bo Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s(BioRISC) St Catharine’s CollegeUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21RLUK Conservation Science Group Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB23QZUK State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive AdaptationEvolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China

Invasions by Spartina species pose serious threats to global coastal ecosystems.Although many studies have examined the effectiveness and ecological impacts of invasive Spartina management,no comprehensive global synthesis has been conducted to assess the effects of management on Spartina per se and on wider non-targets.Here,we conducted a global meta-analysis of 3,459 observations from 102 studies to quantify the effects of different management interventions(physical,chemical,biological,and integrated control)on Spartina per se and native biodiversity and environments.We found that physical measures quickly suppressed Spartina but that their effectiveness declined over time.By contrast,chemical measures decreased the abundance and growth of Spartina to a lesser degree in the early stage,but the effectiveness increased over time.Different management measures did not significantly decrease the diversity of native biota on the whole,but native-plant diversity significantly decreased with time after physical control.Different management measures did not affect abiotic factors differently.These results support the use of chemical measures to control invasive Spartina,although their effectiveness would depend on the time since the management intervention.Addressing the problem of Spartina regrowth following physical control requires improved techniques.We hold that initial states of invaders and subsequent environmental changes after management interventions should be weighed in evaluating control efficacy.

关键词： Plant invasion Biodiversity Meta-analysis Restoration Salt marshes Treatment timing

Effect of natural organic matter on thallium and silver speciation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 185-192页

作者： Loïc a.martin Caroline Simonucci Sétareh Rad Marc F.Benedetti Universitéde Paris Institut de physique du globe de ParisCNRSF-75005 ParisFrance IRSN PSE-ENV/SIRSE/LER-NordBP 1792262 Fontenay-aux-Roses CedexFrance Catchment and Eco-Hydrology Research Group Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyL-4422 BelvauxLuxembourg BRGM Unitéde Géomicrobiologie et Monitoring Environnemental45060 Orléans Cedex 2France

Natural organic matter(NOM)is known to play an important role in the transport and binding of trace metal elements in aquatic and soil systems.Thallium is a pollutant for which the extent of the role played by NOM is poorly known.Consequently,this study investigates thallium(Ⅰ)and its complexation to a purified humic substance as proxy for NOM.Experiments were performed with the Donnan Membrane Technique to separate,for the first time,the free Tl^+ion from its complexed form in the bulk solution.Various pH and concentrations were investigated at constant ionic strength and constant NOM proxy concentrations in solution.Experimental results were described with NICA-Donnan model.Thallium complexation was compared to silver complexation using literature data and using the same NICA-Donnan formalism.Parameters for these two cations(Tl^+and Ag^+)are reported in this article,for the first time.Results display low thallium complexation to the NOM proxy while silver competes with divalent cations for the NOM binding sites.Calculated speciation for dissolved thallium highlights the dominance of free thallium(Tl^+)in solution whereas Tl-NOM complexes contribute roughly 15%to total Tl(Ⅰ)species in river and lake type waters.Similar results are obtained for soil solutions,Tl-bound to NOM<30%of total,from UK soils with different land use and geochemistry.

关键词： Thallium Organic matter Speciation NICA-Donnan model Soil Water

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应急轨道飞行器动力装置的方案选择

空天技术 1987年第S3期 176-189页

作者： Dr.James a.martin 郭福涛

适应未来多种任务需要的飞行器,必定是在指挥决策下达后几分钟之内就进入轨道。这样的应急轨道飞行器,在动力要求上可能与为常规运输设计的飞行器有些不同,但是,应急轨道飞行器的研究,还应当在过去动力评价研究基础上去进行。本文研究... 详细信息

适应未来多种任务需要的飞行器,必定是在指挥决策下达后几分钟之内就进入轨道。这样的应急轨道飞行器,在动力要求上可能与为常规运输设计的飞行器有些不同,但是,应急轨道飞行器的研究,还应当在过去动力评价研究基础上去进行。本文研究的吸气式推进系统,包括复合、吸气涡轮火箭和超音速燃烧冲压发动机在内的吸气式发动机,其中的火箭又包括双燃料和只用碳氢化合物的火箭。从评价结果中得出的一种意见认为,用超音速多级组合的水平起飞吸气式喷气发动机系统,比火箭发动机系统的发展费用高。主要原因是吸气式喷气发动机的研制费用太高;另一种意见认为,只用碳氢化合物的火箭发动机垂直起飞系统可能是行得通的,不再采用液氢燃料,可能是值得应急轨道飞行器采用的。

关键词：发动机双膨胀双元推进剂碳氢化合物轨道器飞行器系统净重引射火箭燃气发生器燃气轮机运载火箭

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耐药结核病的诊断:检测的可靠性和即时性

国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2010年第3期5卷 131-140页

作者： A.Van Deun a.martin J.C.Palomino 徐彩红刘宇红 Mycobacteriology Unit Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium InternationalUnion Against Tuberculoslsand Lung Disease ParisFrance

随着耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)的出现,全球都迫切需要快速药敏试验方法。国家结核病防治规划(NTPs)可能发现很难从各种变化多样的快速检测方法中选择合适的方法。我们对最重要的方法进行综述,讨论他们的优点和缺点,侧重那些可以替代商品化... 详细信息

随着耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)的出现,全球都迫切需要快速药敏试验方法。国家结核病防治规划(NTPs)可能发现很难从各种变化多样的快速检测方法中选择合适的方法。我们对最重要的方法进行综述,讨论他们的优点和缺点,侧重那些可以替代商品化系统的方法,以及基因检测技术。表型和基因型药敏试验之间的关系的仍然存在问题,原因是除了对以前已研究标准化的表型的药物敏感试验外,我们关于耐药性突变的认识仍不充分。由于某些耐药菌株生长延迟,以快速生长为基础的药敏试验准确性较差。为了实现理想的耐药监测和耐多药结核病的管理,同时使实验室的工作不超负荷,需要慎重考虑检测的适应症和可疑者的界定,同时良好的显微镜依旧非常重要并且是个挑战。迄今研究较少的醋酸荧光素活性染色技术可能提供解决办法,协调早期检测和对快速药敏试验的合理的预选择。关于方法的选择,从覆盖所有人群的前景出发,应该考虑方法的适用性和敏感性。只有推广简单、低要求的方法,或者中心化的基因型药敏试验替代,但要确保标本运输程序简单才是可行的。由于不需要原代分离培养物,药敏试验结果报告时间的轻微差别相对不重要。没有任何一种检测是绝对准确的,合理的预选择可能允许使用准确度稍差但是简单的筛查方法。传统的药敏试验将依旧是用来确诊和流行病学检测必须的。

关键词：结核异烟肼利福平耐药快速药敏试验

将一种新的人肝细胞生长因子质粒——VM202转载入猪心肌缺血模型的心肌内,用MRI评估心肌灌注、活力及功能

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国际医学放射学杂志 2008年第A6期31卷 497-498页

作者： M.Saeed a.martin P.Ursell M.Bucknor C.B.Higgins 李芳 Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging and Pathology University of California SanFrancisco 513 Parnassus Ave HSW 207B SanFrancisco CA94134-0628.

目的将新构建的人肝细胞生长因子质粒VM202转载入梗死后的心肌内,对这种以避免左心室(LV)重构而达到保护目的的治疗方法进行评价。

关键词： MRI VM202 心肌灌注心肌缺血模型左心室梗死面积冠状动脉闭塞心脏射血分数再灌注最

Estimating Pinus palustris tree diameter and stem volume from tree height,crown area and stand-level parameters

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 43-52页

作者： C.A.Gonzalez-Benecke Salvador A.Gezan Lisa J.Samuelson Wendell P.Cropper Daniel J.Leduc Timothy a.martin School of Forest Resources and Conservation P.O.Box 110410University of Florida School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences 3301SFWS BuildingAuburn University USDA Forest Service Southern Research StationAlexandria Forestry Center

Accurate and efficient estimation of forest growth and live biomass is a critical element in assessing potential responses to forest management and environmental change. The objective of this study was to develop models to predict longleaf pine tree diameter at breast height （dbh） and merchantable stem volume （V） using data obtained from field measurements. We used longleaf pine tree data from 3,376 planted trees on 127 permanent plots located in the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain region to fit equations to predict dbh and V as functions of tree height （H） and crown area （CA）. Prediction of dbh as a function of H improved when CA was added as an additional independent variable. Similarly, predic- tions of V based on H improved when CA was included. Incorporation of additional stand variables such as age, site index, dominant height, and stand density were also evaluated but resulted in only small improvements in model performance. For model testing we used data from planted and naturally-regenerated trees located inside and outside the geographic area used for model fitting. Our results suggest that the models are a robust alternative for dbh and V estimations when H and CA are known on planted stands with potential for naturally-regenerated stands, across a wide range of ages. We discuss the importance of these models for use with metrics derived from remote sensing data.

关键词： Longleaf pine diameter-height relationships crown area individual-tree stem volume growth and yield modeling

应对幽默量表在354名中国大学生中的初步测试

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中国心理卫生杂志 2005年第5期19卷 307-309页

作者：陈国海 Rod a.martin 中国广州广东外语外贸大学管理学院 The University of Western Ontario

目的:了解应对幽默量表在我国大学生中的测试情况,比较中国人和加拿大人使用应对幽默方式的差别,探讨应对幽默与心理健康之间的关系。方法:354名大学生接受应对幽默量表和症状自评量表的问卷调查。结果:应对幽默量表在大学生中的内部一... 详细信息

目的:了解应对幽默量表在我国大学生中的测试情况,比较中国人和加拿大人使用应对幽默方式的差别,探讨应对幽默与心理健康之间的关系。方法:354名大学生接受应对幽默量表和症状自评量表的问卷调查。结果:应对幽默量表在大学生中的内部一致性系数(Cronbach alpha)为0.65,重测信度为0.79。去掉项目4的应对幽默量表的内部一致性系数达0.70,初步测试效度和信度可接受。男生比女生较多使用应对幽默。与加拿大学生相比,中国大学生较少使用应对幽默。结论:去掉项目4后的该量表在中国可使用,但可考虑作进一步的修订;应对幽默的使用具有一定的跨文化差异。

关键词：中国大学生初步测试应对一致性系数症状自评量表跨文化差异加拿大人心理健康问卷调查重测信度接受内部项目

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杂草稻落粒粳的抗逆境特性研究

应用生态学报 2005年第4期16卷 717-720页

作者：余柳青 a.martin Mortimer 玄松南陆永良周勇军中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室杭州310006 国际水稻研究所

杂草稻落粒粳(Oryzasativa)发生在我国辽宁丹东.落粒粳植株明显高于当地大多数栽培品种,颖果呈中长型,成熟后容易掉粒;果壳稻草色或黄间黑灰色,小穗无芒或有芒,芒长4～12cm ;颖果千粒重2 . 35 g ,种皮桔红色.落粒粳种子在13～38℃条件... 详细信息

杂草稻落粒粳(Oryzasativa)发生在我国辽宁丹东.落粒粳植株明显高于当地大多数栽培品种,颖果呈中长型,成熟后容易掉粒;果壳稻草色或黄间黑灰色,小穗无芒或有芒,芒长4～12cm ;颖果千粒重2 . 35 g ,种皮桔红色.落粒粳种子在13～38℃条件下的发芽率均大于88% ,水层2 . 5～10cm处理,落粒粳植株干重减少5. 0 %～6 .9% .在幼苗期,落粒粳对无芒稗的各项影响因子均明显大于化感潜力品种I kung pao ,表明落粒粳无化感作用.落粒粳可以忍耐0. 5 %的盐碱.

关键词：杂草稻落粒特性研究逆境栽培品种化感潜力影响因子化感作用中长型千粒重发芽率幼苗期无芒稗植株颖果成熟