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Structural,morphological and magnetic properties of(Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5))[Ga_(x)Gd_(x)Fe_(2-2x)]O_(4)nanoparticles prepared via sonochemical approach

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 561-571页

作者： Y.Slimani M.A.Almessiere A.Demir Korkmaz A.Baykal M.A.Gondal H.Güngünes Sagar E.Shirsath a.manikandan Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Istanbul Medeniyet UniversityUskudarIstanbul34700Turkey Department of Nanomedicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Laser Research Group Physics DepartmentIRC-Hydrogen&Energy StorageKing Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Hitit University19030Cevre Yolu BulvarCorumTurkey School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesKensingtonSydneyNSW2052Australia Department of Chemistry Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research(BIHER)Bharath UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu600073India Center for Catalysis and Renewable Energy Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research(BIHER)ChennaiTamil Nadu600073India

The impact of Ga^(3+)and Gd^(3+)co-substitution on different types of behavior of Ni-Co nanospinel ferrites(NSFs),(Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5))[Ga_(x)Gd_(x)Fe_(2-2x)]O_(4)(0.000≤x≤0.025),was *** were fabricated through ultrasound *** structure,composition,and spherical morphology of all products were verified by numerous characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning and transmission electron microscopes(SEM and TEM),and selected area electron diffraction(SAED).Mossbauer spectra are composed of two ferromagnetic sextets and one paramagnetic *** spectra were fitted to extract hyperfine parameters of the doped *** sublattices'hyperfine magnetic field decreases with *** isomer shift values show that the Mossbauer spectra are composed of magnetic Fe^(3+)*** magnetization measurements at variable magnetic field(M-H)were investigated via a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)at temperatures(T)from 300 to 10 *** NSFs disclose ferrimagnetic behavior at both 300 and 10 K at which they are soft and hard,*** determined that the remanence magnetization(M_(r)),saturation magnetization(M_(s)),and magneton number(n_(B))decrease with increasing Ga^(3+)and Gd^(3+)ions *** reduction in these values is predominantly recognized to be the impact of cation redistribution and surface spins on tetrahedral(T_(d))and octahedral(O_(h))*** the Ga^(3+)and Gd^(3+)contents increase,the coercivity(H_(c))is also found to decrease.

关键词： Spinel ferrites Rare earth substitution Sonochemical synthesis Mossbauer analysis Magnetic properties

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Electrical and dielectric properties of Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5)Ga_(x)Fe_(1.8-x)O_(4)(x≤1.0)spinel ferrite microspheres

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 259-267页

作者： S.Akhtar M.A.Almessiere B.Unal A.Demir Korkmaz Y.Slimani N.Tashkandi A.Baykal A.Ul-Hamid a.manikandan Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Institute of Forensic Sciences and Legal Medicine Istanbul University-CerrahpasaBuyukcekmece CampusBuyukcekmece-Istanbul34500Turkey Department of Chemistry Istanbul Medeniyet UniversityUskudar/Istanbul34700Turkey Department of Nanomedicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Core Research Facilities King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran13261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research(BIHER)Bharath UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu600073India Center for Catalysis and Renewable Energy Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research(BIHER)ChennaiTamil Nadu600073India

Microspheres of Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5)Ga_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)(x≤1.0)microsphere spinel ferrites(NiCoGaFe-MSFs)and carbon spheres were prepared via a hydrothermal *** micro structure of microspheres was investigated through scanning and transmission electron microscopy(SEM and TEM),respectively,and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The electrical and dielectric properties of NiCoGaFe-MSF at temperatures ranging from20 to 120℃(between 293,1×10^(3)and 393.1×10^(3))for f≤3.0 MHz were systematically studied as a result of 3D graphical drawing of the data obtained from an impedance *** parameters such as ac/dc conductivity,dielectric loss,dielectric constant,activation energy,dissipation factor and Cole-Cole impedance spectra were extensively evaluated for various Ga ion mole ratios in the substitution where x≤*** notice that the ac conductivity mostly obeys exponential power law rules,which vary significantly with the substitution ratios of Ga *** analyses confirm that differences in conduction mechanisms in NiCoGaFe-MSFs are mainly due to grain-to-grain boundaries related to Ga ion substitution *** change in dielectric constant of NiCoGaFe-MSFs is strongly dependent on the substitution rates and results in a normal dielectric distribution with *** tangential loss for all micro spheres is observed to vary with measured temperatures and their frequency dependencies can be attributed to the conduction mechanism similar to Koop’s phenomenological *** is clearly seen that the formation of semicircles is dominated by all the NiCoGaFe-MSFs and the diameter of the semicircles mostly decreases with increasing temperature,as evidence of a temperaturedependent relaxation mechanism.

关键词： Spinel ferrites Microspheres Electrical properties Ac/dc conductivity Dielectric properties Rare earths

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Synthesis of NiMoO_4 nanoparticles by sol-gel method and their structural,morphological,optical,magnetic and photocatlytic properties

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第8期27卷 1785-1793页

作者： V.UMAPATHY P.NEERAJA a.manikandan P.RAMU Research and Development Centre Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641046India Caplin Point Laboratories Limited Chennai 600017India Department of Chemistry NKR Government Arts College for WomenNamakkalTamil Nadu 637001India Department of Chemistry Bharath Institute of Higher Education and ResearchBharath UniversityChennai 600073India Department of Chemistry Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiTamil Nadu 600078India

Nickel molybdate(NiMoO4)nanoparticles(NPs)were synthesized by sol-gel *** water as solvent providescrystalline *** nanocrystals were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction,energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX),and Fourier transform infrared *** stoichiometry was confirmed by EDX *** size and shapewere observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).It was found that the obtainedNPs were pure and single phase crystalline with monoclinic *** optical properties were studied by ultraviolet-visiblediffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis-DRS)and photoluminescence(PL)measurements at room *** magneticproperties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and results showed superparamagnetic behavior of the *** activity of NiMoO4was *** photocatalytic activity of NiMoO4was enhanced with the additionof *** catalysts NiMoO4,TiO2and NiMoO4-TiO2nanocomposites(NC)were tested for photocatalytic degradation(PCD)of4-chlorophenol(4-CP).It was found that PCD efficiency of NiMoO4-TiO2NC was higher than that of pure NiMoO4and TiO2.

关键词： NiMoO4 TiO2 nanostructure sol-gel synthesis optical properties magnetic properties photo-catalysis monoclinic structure

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Structure,morphology and opto-magnetic properties of Bi_2MoO_6 nano-photocatalyst synthesized by sol-gel method

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第10期25卷 3271-3278页

作者： V.UMAPATHY a.manikandan S.ARUL ANTONY P.RAMU P.NEERAJA Research and Development Centre Bharathiar University Caplin Point Laboratories Limited Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry Presidency College Department of Chemistry Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research Department of Chemistry Adhiyamaan College of Engineering

Bismuth molybdate （Bi2MoO6） nano-particles （NPs） were synthesized using bismuth nitrate, ammonium molybdate, citric acid and ethyl cellulose by a simple sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, opto-magnetic and photocatalytic properties of the obtained powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectra, high resolution scanning electron microscopy （HRSEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, photoluminescence （PL） spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） techniques. The XRD, FT-IR and EDX results indicate that the resultant powder is pure and single phase crystalline Bi2MoO6 with orthorhombic structure. The HRSEM image shows that the morphology of obtained powder consists with well defined nano-particles structure. The VSM results show superparamagnetic behavior of the obtained nano-particles. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles was performed. The addition of TiO2 catalyst enhances the photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles. The catalysts Bi2MoO6, TiO2 and mixed oxide catalyst Bi2MoO6-TiO2 nano-composites （NCs） were tested for the photocatalytic degradation （PCD） of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP）. It is found that the PCD efficiency of Bi2MoO6-TiO2 NCs is higher than that of pure Bi2MoO6 and TiO2 catalysts.

关键词： Bi2MoO6 nanostructure sol-gel synthesis optical properties magnetic properties photocatalyst

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Structure and magnetic properties of Cu-Ni alloy nanoparticles prepared by rapid microwave combustion method

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第5期24卷 1467-1473页

作者： J.ARUL MARY a.manikandan L.JOHN KENNEDY M.BOUOUDINA R.SUNDARAM J.JUDITH VIJAYA Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Loyola College Materials Division School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) UniversityChennai Campus Department of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Nanotechnology Centre University of Bahrain Department of Chemistry Presidency College

Cu-Ni alloy nanoparticles were prepared by a microwave combustion method with the molar ratios of CU2＋ to Ni2＋ as 3：7, 4：6, 5：5, 6：4 and 7：3. The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, HR-SEM, EDX and VSM. XRD and EDX analyses suggest the formation of pure alloy powders. The average crystallite sizes were found to be in the range of 21.56-33.25 nm. HR-SEM images show the clustered/agglomerated particle-like morphology structure. VSM results reveal that for low Ni content （CusNis, Cu6Ni4 and Cu7Ni3）, the system shows paramagnetic behaviors, whereas for high Ni content （Cu3Ni7 and Cu4Ni6）, it becomes ferromagnetic.

关键词： microwave combustion nanoparticles Cu-Ni alloys magnetization property

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Development of gas tungsten arc welding using current pulsing technique to preclude chromium carbide precipitation in aerospace-grade alloy 80A

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第2期26卷 210-221页

作者： P.Subramani M.manikandan School of Mechanical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology

Weldments were produced using gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) and pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding(PCGTAW) techniques with ERNiCr-3 filler wire. Macro examination revealed that the resultant weldments were free from defects. A refined microstructure was observed in the weldment fabricated through PCGTAW. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) analysis revealed secondary phases in the grain boundaries. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS) analysis revealed that microsegregation of Cr carbide precipitates was completely eradicated through PCGTAW. The microsegregation of Nb precipitates was observed in the GTA and PCGTA weldments. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis revealed the existence of M_(23)C?_6 Cr-rich carbide and Ni_8Nb phases in the GTA weldments. By contrast, in the PCGTA weldments, the Ni_8Nb phase was observed. The Cr_2Ti phase was observed in both the GTA and the PCGTA weldments. Tensile tests showed that the strength and ductility of the PCGTA weldments were slightly higher than those of the GTA weldments.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy welding pulse current microsegregation chromium carbide

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Mixed convection characteristics in lid-driven cavity containing heated triangular block

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第10期25卷 1381-1394页

作者： Krunal M.Gangawane B.manikandan Department of Chemical Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Dehradun 248007 Uttrakhand India

This research work numerically analyzes 2D,steady state,mixed convective heat transfer for Newtonian fluids in lid driven square enclosure with centered triangular block（blockage—10%or 30%）maintained either at the constant wall temperature or constant heat flux thermal *** fluid flow in the enclosure is initiated by top moving wall in＋x-direction,while all other walls are *** top and bottom walls are thermally *** particular,the governing field equations are solved for range of governing parameters such as,Reynolds number（1–1000）,Prandtl number（1–100）,and Grashof number

关键词： Mixed convection Lid-driven cavity Reynolds number Numerical study Grashof number

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An improved evaporation rate water cycle algorithm for energy-efficient routing protocol in WSNs

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2023年第1期16卷 30-45页

作者： Vimala Dayalan manikandan Kuppusamy School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreIndia

Purpose-The paper aims to introduce an efficient routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks(WSNs).It proposes an improved evaporation rate water cycle(improved ER-WC)algorithm and outlining the systems performance in improving the energy efficiency of *** proposed technique mainly analyzes the clustering problem of WSNs when huge tasks are ***/methodology/approach-This proposed improved ER-WC algorithm is used for analyzing various factors such as network cluster-head(CH)energy,CH location and CH density in improved *** proposed study will solve the energy efficiency and improve network throughput in ***-This proposed work provides optimal clustering method for Fuzzy C-means(FCM)where efficiency is improved in *** evaluations are conducted to find network lifespan,network throughput,total network residual energy and network *** limitations/implications-The proposed improved ER-WC algorithm has some implications when different energy levels of node are used in *** implications-This research work analyzes the nodes’energy and throughput by selecting correct CHs in intra-cluster *** can possibly analyze the factors such as CH location,network CH energy and CH ***/value-This proposed research work proves to be performing better for improving the network throughput and increases energy efficiency for WSNs.

关键词： WSNs Improved ER-WCA Energy efficiency Routing protocol PCM Fuzzy C-Means Paper type Research paper

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Stability Analysis of Cyber-Physical Micro Grid Load Frequency Control System with Time-Varying Delay and Non-Linear Load Perturbations

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第12期121卷 801-813页

作者： D.Vijeswaran V.manikandan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore 641014India 不详

In a cyber-physical micro-grid system,wherein the control functions are executed through open communication channel,stability is an important issue owing to the factors related to the time-delay encountered in the data *** of feedback variable as discrete data packets in communication network invariably introduces inevitable time-delays in closed loop control *** delay,depending upon the network traffic condition,inherits a time-varying characteristic;nevertheless,it adversely impacts the system performance and *** load perturbations in a micro-grid system are considerably influenced by the presence of fluctuating power generators like wind and solar *** these non-conventional energy sources are integrated into the power grid through power electronic interface circuits that usually works at high switching frequency,noise signals are introduced into the micro-grid system and these signals gets super-imposed to the load *** on this back ground,in this paper,the delay-dependent stability issue of networked micro-grid system combined with time-varying feedback loop delay and uncertain load perturbations is investigated,and a deeper insight has been presented to infer the impact of time-delay on the variations in the system *** classical Lyapunov-Krasovskii method is employed to address the problem,and using a standard benchmark micro-grid system,and the proposed stability criterion is validated.

关键词： Delay-dependent stability time-varying delay open communication network nonlinear perturbations Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional linear Matrix Inequality(LMI)

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Laminar natural convection characteristics in an enclosure with heated hexagonal block for non-Newtonian power law fluids

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第5期25卷 555-571页

作者： Krunal M.Gangawane B.manikandan Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering StudiesUniversity of Petroleum and Energy Studies

This work illustrates the steady state, two dimensional natural convective flow and heat transfer features in square enclosure containing heated hexagonal block maintained either at constant wall temperature(CWT) or uniform heat flux(UHF) thermal conditions. Governing equations(mass, momentum and energy) are solved by using finite volume method(FVM) with 3rd order accurate QUICK discretization scheme and SIMPLE algorithm for range of field pertinent parameters such as, Grashof number(10~3≤ Gr ≤ 10~6), Prandtl number(1 ≤ Pr ≤ 100) and power law index(0.5 ≤ n ≤ 1.5). The analysis of momentum and heat transfer characteristics are delineated by evolution of streamlines, isotherms, variation of average Nusselt number value and Colburn factor for natural convection(j_(nH)). A remarkable change is observed on fluid flow and thermal distribution pattern in cavity for both thermal conditions. Nusselt number shows linear variation with Grashof and Prandtl numbers; while rate of heat transfer by convection decreases for power law index value. Higher heat transfer rate can be achieved by using uniform heat flux condition. A Nusselt number correlation is developed for possible utilization in engineering/scientific design purpose.

关键词： Square cavity Heated block Grashof number Natural convection Power law index

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