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New Antenna Array Beamforming Techniques Based on Hybrid Convolution/Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Communications

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2749-2767页

作者： Shimaa m.Amer Ashraf a.m.khalaf Amr H.Hussein Salman A.Alqahtani mostafa H.Dahshan Hossam m.Kassem Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyKafr ElsheikhEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHorus University EgyptNew DamiettaEgypt Department of Computer Engineering College of computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Mathematics and EngineeringCharles Sturt UniversityBathurstNSW2795Australia

Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to ***,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar *** study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction *** techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,*** convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element *** m elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2m−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths m,m−1,andm,*** the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher *** the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the ***,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the ***,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is *** this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation *** provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.

关键词： Array synthesis convolution process genetic algorithm(GA) half power beamwidth(HPBW) linear antenna array(LAA) side lobe level(SLL) quality of service(QOS)

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Optimization of Cooperative Relayingmolecular Communications for Nanomedical Applications

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1259-1275页

作者： Eman S.Attia Ashraf a.m.khalaf Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Saied m.Abd El-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama Alfarraj Heba m.El-Hoseny Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)OsloNorway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science The Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological StudiesEl ShoroukEgypt

Recently,nano-systems based on molecular communications via diffusion(mCvD)have been implemented in a variety of nanomedical applications,most notably in targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)***,because the mCvD is unreliable and there exists molecular noise and inter symbol interference(ISI),cooperative nano-relays can acquire the reliability for drug delivery to targeted diseased cells,especially if the separation distance between the nano transmitter and nano receiver is *** this work,we propose an approach for optimizing the performance of the nano system using cooperative molecular communications with a nano relay scheme,while accounting for blood flow effects in terms of drift *** fractions of the molecular drug that should be allocated to the nano transmitter and nano relay positioning are computed using a collaborative optimization problem solved by themodified Central Force Optimization(mCFO)*** the previous work,the probability of bit error is expressed in a closed-form *** is used as an objective function to determine the optimal velocity of the drug molecules and the detection threshold at the nano *** simulation results show that the probability of bit error can be dramatically reduced by optimizing the drift velocity,detection threshold,location of the nano-relay in the proposed nano system,and molecular drug budget.

关键词： Nanomedical system molecular communication cooperative relay optimization

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Simulation of a molten salt fast reactor using the COmSOL multiphysics software

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第12期31卷 1-19页

作者： D.H.Daher m.Kotb a.m.khalaf moustafa S.El-Koliel Abdelfattah Y.Soliman Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Reactors Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityCairoEgypt Nuclear Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

In this study,COmSOL v5.2 multiphysics software was utilized to perform coupled neutronics and thermal–hydraulics simulations of a molten salt fast reactor,and the SCALE v6.1 code package was utilized to generate the homogenized cross-section data *** library’s 238 cross-section groups were categorized into nine groups for the simulations in this *** results of the COmSOL model under no fuel flow conditions were verified using the SCALE v6.1 code results,and the results of the neutronics and thermal–hydraulics simulations were compared to the results of previously published *** results indicated that the COmSOL model that includes the cross-section library generated by the SCALE v6.1 code package is suitable for the steady-state analysis and design assessment of molten salt fast ***,this model was utilized to investigate the neutronics and thermal–hydraulics behaviors of the *** designs were simulated and analyzed in this model,and the results indicated that even if the wall of the core is curved,hot spots occur in the upper and lower portions of the core’s center near the reflectors.A new design was proposed that utilizes a flow rate distribution system,and the simulation results of this design showed that the maximum temperature in the core was approximately 1032 K and no hot spots occurred.

关键词： molten salt COmSOL SCALE Neutronics Thermal-hydraulic

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Secure Cancelable Template Based on Double Random Phase Encoding and Entropy Segmentation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 4067-4085页

作者： Ahmed m.Ayoup Ashraf a.m.khalaf Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Fahad Alraddady Salwa m.Serag Eldin Faculty of Engineering Electrical Engineering DepartmentMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenoufia32952Egypt Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia

In this paper,a proposed cancellable biometric scheme is based on multiple biometric image identifiers,Arnold’s cat map and double random phase encoding(DRPE)to obtain cancellable biometric *** proposed segmentation scheme that is used to select the region of interest for generating cancelable templates is based on chaos entropy low correlation statistical *** objective of segmentation is to reduce the computational cost and reliability of template *** left and right biometric(iris,fingerprint,palm print and face)are divided into non-overlapping blocks of the same *** define the region of interest(ROI),we select the block with the highest *** shorten the registration process time and achieve a high level of security,we select 25%of the image volume of the biometric *** addition,the low-cost security requirement lies in the use of selective encryption(SE)*** step of selecting the maximum entropy is executed on all biometric *** maximum right and left multi-biometric blocks are arranged in descending order from the entropy perspective and select 50%of each biometric couple and store the single *** obtained matrix is scrambled with a certain number of iterations using Arnold’s Cat map(ACm).The obtained scrambled matrix is encrypted with the DRPE to generate the cancellable biometric templates,which are further *** simulation results display better performance of the suggested cancellable biometric system in noise scenarios using the area under the receiver operating characteristic(AROC).The strength of the suggested technique is examined with correlation,irregular deviation,maximum difference and maximum *** recommended proposed approach shows that the ability to distinguish the authentic and imposter biometrics of user seven in different levels of the noise environment.

关键词： Image identifier computation segmentation ACm (DRPE)

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Cancellable multi-Biometric Template Generation Based on Arnold Cat map and Aliasing

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3687-3703页

作者： Ahmed m.Ayoup Ashraf a.m.khalaf Walid El-Shafai Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Fahad Alraddady Salwa m.Serag Eldin Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia University32952MenoufEgypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

The cancellable biometric transformations are designed to be computationally difficult to obtain the original biometric *** paper presents a cancellable multi-biometric identification scheme that includes four stages:biometric data collection and processing,Arnold’s Cat map encryption,decimation process to reduce the size,and finalmerging of the four biometrics in a single generated ***,a 2D matrix of size 128×128 is created based on Arnold’s Cat map(ACm).The purpose of this rearrangement is to break the correlation between pixels to hide the biometric patterns and merge these patterns together for more *** decimation is performed to keep the dimensions of the overall cancellable template similar to those of a single template to avoid data ***,some sort of aliasing occurs due to decimation,contributing to the intended distortion of biometric *** hybrid structure that comprises encryption,decimation,andmerging generates encrypted and distorted cancellable *** simulation results obtained for performance evaluation show that the system is safe,reliable,and feasible as it achieves high security in the presence of noise.

关键词： Aliasing technique selective encryption ACm decimation process

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A Hybrid Security Framework for medical Image Communication

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2713-2730页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Hayam A.Abd El-Hameed Ashraf a.m.khalaf Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Authentication of the digital image has much attention for the digital *** image authentication can be verified with image watermarking and image encryption *** schemes are widely used to protect images against forgery attacks,and they are useful for protecting copyright and rightful *** on the desirable applications,several image encryption and watermarking schemes have been proposed to moderate this *** framework presents a new scheme that combines a Walsh Hadamard Transform(WHT)-based image watermarking scheme with an image encryption scheme based on Double Random Phase Encoding(DRPE).First,on the sender side,the secret medical image is encrypted using *** the encrypted image is watermarking based on *** combination between watermarking and encryption increases the security and robustness of transmitting an *** performance evaluation of the proposed scheme is obtained by testing Structural Similarity Index(SSIm),Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Normalized cross-correlation(NC),and Feature Similarity Index(FSIm).

关键词： Walsh hadamard transform watermarking encryption double random phase encoding structural similarity index

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Energy Staggering in Ground Bands of ^(232)Th and ^(236,238)U Nuclei Using the Interacting Vector Boson model

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2015年第7期64卷 90-94页

作者： a.m.khalaf m.m.Sirag m.Kotb Physics Department Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Physics Department Faculty of Girls Ain Shams University

The△I = 2 and △I = 4 staggering parameters of transition energies Eγfor normally deformed positive parity ground bands in232 Th and236,238 U nuclei are studied in framework of the symplectic extension of the interacting vector boson model. The model parameters are obtained from the fitting procedure between the calculated excitation energies and the corresponding experimental ones. The staggering parameters represent the finite difference approximations to higher order derivatives dnEγ/d Inof the γ-ray transition energies in a△I = 2 and △I = 4 bands, which yielding multipoint formulae. The first order derivative(two-point formula) provides us with information about the dynamical moment of inertia. The staggering oscillation for the fourth order derivative(five-point formula) is about 0.5 Ke V and is even larger than that in superdeformed bands. The quite similarity in dynamical moments of inertia of the isotopes236,238 U up to high spin states indicate that the phenomenon of identical bands is not restricted to superdeformed bands.

关键词： staggering interacting vector Boson model moment o

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An Efficient CNN-Based Automated Diagnosis Framework from COVID-19 CT Images

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1323-1341页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Noha A.El-Hag Ghada m.El-Banby Ashraf a.m.khalaf Naglaa F.Soliman Abeer D.Algarni Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityEgypt Department of Industrial Electronics and Control Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Corona Virus Disease-2019(COVID-19)continues to spread rapidly in the *** has dramatically affected daily lives,public health,and the world *** paper presents a segmentation and classification framework of COVID-19 images based on deep ***,the classification process is employed to discriminate between COVID-19,non-COVID,and pneumonia by Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).Then,the segmentation process is applied for COVID-19 and pneumonia CT ***,the resulting segmented images are used to identify the infected region,whether COVID-19 or *** proposed CNN consists of four Convolutional(Conv)layers,four batch normalization layers,and four Rectified Linear Units(ReLUs).The sizes of Conv layer used filters are 8,16,32,and *** maxpooling layers are employed with a stride of 2 and a 2×2 *** classification layer comprises a Fully-Connected(FC)layer and a soft-max activation function used to take the classification decision.A novel saliencybased region detection algorithm and an active contour segmentation strategy are applied to segment COVID-19 and pneumonia CT *** acquired findings substantiate the efficacy of the proposed framework for helping the specialists in automated diagnosis applications.

关键词： Classification segmentation COVID-19 CNN deep learning diagnosis applications

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Embedded Coded Relay System for molecular Communications

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2729-2748页

作者： Eman S.Attia Ashraf a.m.khalaf Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Saied m.Abd El-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama Alfarraj Farid Shawki Imran Khan Ki-Il Kim Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenoufiaEgypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)Norway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar814Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Korea

With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic,the World Health Organization(WHO)has urged scientists and industrialists to exploremodern information and communication technology(ICT)as a means to reduce or even eliminate *** World Health Organization recently reported that the virus may infect the organism through any organ in the living body,such as the respiratory,the immunity,the nervous,the digestive,or the cardiovascular *** the abovementioned goal,we envision an implanted nanosystem embedded in the intra living-body *** main function of the nanosystem is either to perform diagnosis and mitigation of infectious diseases or to implement a targeted drug delivery system(i.e.,delivery of the therapeutic drug to the diseased tissue or targeted cell).The communication among the nanomachines is accomplished via communication-based molecular *** control/interconnection of the nanosystem is accomplished through the utilization of Internet of bio-nano things(IoBNT).The proposed nanosystem is designed to employ a coded relay nanomachine disciplined by the decode and forward(DF)principle to ensure reliable drug delivery to the targeted ***,both the sensitivity of the drug dose and the phenomenon of drug molecules loss before delivery to the target cell site in long-distance due to the molecules diffusion process are taken into *** this paper,a coded relay Nm with conventional coding techniques such as RS and Turbo codes is selected to achieve minimum bit error rate(BER)performance and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),while the detection process is based on maximum likelihood(mL)probability and minimum error probability(mEP).The performance analysis of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of channel capacity and bit error rate by varying system parameters such as relay position,number of released molecules,relay and receiver *** results are validated through simulation and demonstrate that the proposed scheme can

关键词： molecular communication nanonetwork internet of bio-nano things coded relay scheme coding

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Proposed Privacy Preservation Technique for Color medical Images

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 719-732页

作者： Walid El-Shafai Hayam A.Abd El-Hameed Noha A.El-Hag Ashraf a.m.khalaf Naglaa F.Soliman Hussah Nasser AlEisa Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Higher Institute of Commercial Science Management Information SystemsEl-Mahala El-KobraEgypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Nowadays,the security of images or information is very *** paper introduces a proposed hybrid watermarking and encryption technique for increasing medical image ***,the secret medical image is encrypted using Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)***,the secret report of the patient is embedded into the encrypted secret medical image with the Least Signiﬁcant Bit(LSB)watermarking *** that,the encrypted secret medical image with the secret report is concealed in a cover medical image,using Kekre’s median Codebook Generation(KmCG)***,the stego-image obtained is split into 16 ***,it is sent to the *** adopt this strategy to send the secret medical image and report over a network *** proposed technique is assessed with different encryption quality metrics including Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Correlation Coefﬁcient(Cr),Fea-ture Similarity Index metric(FSIm),and Structural Similarity Index metric(SSIm).Histogram estimation is used to conﬁrm the matching between the secret medical image before and after *** results demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves good performance with high quality of the received medical image and clear image details in a very short processing time.

关键词： LSB steganography AES algorithm KmCG algorithm

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