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Evaluation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welded AISI 409M Grade Ferritic Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第1期19卷 72-78页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The microstructure analysis and mechanical properties evaluation of laser beam welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints are investigated. Single pass autogeneous welds free of volumetric defects were produced at a welding speed of 3 000 mm/min. The joints were subjected to optical microscope, scanning electron fractographe, microhardness, transverse and longitudinal tensile, bend and charpy impact toughness testing. The coarse ferrite grains in the base metal were changed into dendritic grains as a result of rapid solidification of laser beam welds. Tensile testing indicates overmatching of the weld metal is relative to the base metal. The joints also exhibited acceptable impact toughness and bend strength properties.

关键词： laser beam welding ferritic stainless steel tensile property impact property

Process parameters optimization for friction stir welding of RDE-40 aluminium alloy using Taguchi technique

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第3期18卷 548-554页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan V.BALASUBRAMANIAN Centre for Materials Joining Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar608002 Tamil Nadu India

Taguchi approach was applied to determine the most influential control factors which will yield better tensile strength of the joints of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy. In order to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, traverse speed and axial force on tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy, Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi parametric design approach, the optimum levels of process parameters were determined. The results indicate that the rotational speed, welding speed and axial force are the significant parameters in deciding the tensile strength of the joint. The predicted optimal value of tensile strength of friction stir welded RDE-40 aluminium alloy is 303 MPa. The results were confirmed by further experiments.

关键词：铝合金摩擦焊接抗张强度加工处理

Effect of Autogenous Arc Welding Processes on Tensile and Impact Properties of Ferritic Stainless Steel Joints

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第1期16卷 62-68,16页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan k Shanmugam V Balasubramanian Centre of Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar-608002Tamil NaduIndia

The effect of autogeneous arc welding processes on tensile and impact properties of ferritic stainless steel conformed to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness have been used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure, and fracture surface morphology of continuous current gas tungsten arc welding （CCGTAW）, pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding （PCGTAW）, and plasma arc welding （PAW） joints are evaluated and the results are compared. It is found that the PAW joints of ferritic stainless steel show superior tensile and impact properties when compared with CCG-TAW and PCGTAW joints, and this is mainly due to lower heat input, finer fusion zone grain diameter, and higher fusion zone hardness.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel plasma arc welding continuous current gas tungsten arc welding pulsed currentgas tungsten arc welding tensile property impact property

Comparison of RSM with ANN in predicting tensile strength of friction stir welded AA7039 aluminium alloy joints

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第1期19卷 9-18页

作者： A. k. lakshminarayanan V. BALASUBRAMANIAN Centre for Materials Joining ＆ Research （CEMAJOR） Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar-608 002 Tamil Nadu India

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表... 详细信息

磨擦搅动(FSW ) 焊接是一种创新稳固的州的加入技术并且在太空，栏杆，为加入铝的汽车、海洋的工业，镁，锌和铜被采用了合金。FSW 过程参数象工具那样旋转速度，焊接速度，轴的力量，在决定焊接质量起一个主要作用。二个方法，反应表面方法论和人工的神经网络被用来预言磨擦的张力的强度搅动焊接 AA7039 铝合金。实验基于三个因素被进行，三水平、中央的合成的脸与完整的复制技术集中了设计，并且数学模型被开发。敏感分析被执行识别批评参数。通过反应表面方法论获得的结果与通过人工的神经网络的那些相比。

关键词：搅拌摩擦焊铜铝合金 AA7039 拉伸性能

Effect of Welding Processes on Tensile and Impact Properties,Hardness and Microstructure of AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Joints Fabricated by Duplex Stainless Steel Filler Metal

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第5期16卷 66-72页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan k Shanmugam V Balasubramanian Centre for Materials Joining and Research(CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai University

The effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the welded joints have been evaluated and the results are compared. From this investigatio.n, it is found that gas tungsten arc welded joints of ferritic stainless steel have superior tensile and impact properties compared with shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welded joints and this is mainly due to the presence of finer grains in fusion zone and heat affected zone.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel shielded metal arc welding gas metal arc welding gas tungsten arc welding tensile impact property

Microstructure,Tensile and Impact Toughness Properties of Friction Stir Welded Mild Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第10期17卷 68-74页

作者： a.k.lakshminarayanan V Balasubramanian M Salahuddin Department of Manufacturing Engineering Annamalai University Clean Technology Division Ministry of Environment and Forests

Microstructure, tensile and impact toughness properties and fracture location of friction stir welded AISI 1018 mild steel were revealed. The AISI 1018 mild steel plates with thickness of 5 mm were friction stir welded by tungsten based alloy tool with tool rotational speed of 1 000 r/min and welding speed of 50 ram/rain. Tensile strength of stir zone is higher （8%） compared to that of the base metal. This may be due to the formation of finer grains in the weld nugget region under the stirring action of the rotating tool. The ductility and impact toughness of the joints are decreased compared to those of the base metal owing to the inclusion of tungsten particles in the weld region.

关键词： friction stir welding tensile property impact toughness mildsteel

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID PROTON CONDUCTING MEMBRANES OF POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) AND PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ACID

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第5期24卷 449-456页

作者： Arfat Anis a.k. Banthia S. Mondal a.k. Thakur Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Department of Physics & Meteorology Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Hybrid proton conducting membranes of poly（vinyl alcohol）（PVA） and phosphomolybdic acid （PMA） were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of PMA doping and PVA crosslinking density on the membrane properties and proton conductivity were investigated. The crosslinking reaction between the hydroxyl group of PVA and the aldehyde group of glutaraldehyde （GA） was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Proton conductivity of the membranes increases with an increase in concentration of the doped PMA and also with an increase in crosslinking density of the membranes. Proton conductivity results indicate that a significant amount of PMA was maintained in the membranes even after several hours of immersion in water. A maximum conductivity of 0.0101 S cm^-1 was obtained for the membrane with 33.3 wt% PMA and crosslinking density of 5.825 mol%. X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to investigate the influence of PMA doping and crosslinking density on the nature of the membranes. These properties make them very good candidates for polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application.

关键词： Polymer electrolyte membranes Proton conductor Phosphomolybdic acid Crosslinked PVA membranes.

Application of Response Surface Methodolody to Prediction of Dilution in Plasma Transferred Arc Hardfacing of Stainless Steel on Carbon Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2009年第1期16卷 44-53页

作者： V Balasubramanian a.k.lakshminarayanan R Varahamoorthy S Babu Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR) Department of Manufacturing EngineeringAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar 608002Tamil NaduIndia

The application of response surface methodology was highlighted to predict and optimize the percentage of dilution of iron-based hardfaced surface produced by the PTA （plasma tratisferred arc welding） process. The experiments were conducted based on five-factor five-level central composite rotatable design with full replication technique and a mathematical model was developed using response surface methodology. Furthermore, the response surface methodology was also used to optimize the process parameters that yielded the lowest percentage of dilution.

关键词： plasma transferred arc hardfacing dilution response surface methodology

Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A S.k.B.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to ta.k.e these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberatta.k. and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchma.k.IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-kDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)