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Evidence for the involvement of NOD2 in regulating colonic epithelial cell growth and survival

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第38期14卷 5834-5841页

作者： Sheena M Cruickshank Louise Wakenshaw john Cardone peter D Howdle peter J Murray Simon R Carding Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT United Kingdom Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom The Institute of Food Research Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UA United Kingdom Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Section of Medicine Surgery & Anaesthesia Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Department of Infectious Diseases St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 United States

AIM: To investigate the function of NOD2 in colonic epithelial cells (CEC). METHODS: A combination of in vivo and in vitro analyses of epithelial cell turnover in the presence and absence of a functional NOD2 protein and, in response to enteric Salmonella typhimurium infection, were used. shRNA interference was also used to investigate the consequences of knocking down NOD2 gene expression on the growth and survival of colorectal carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS:In the colonic mucosa the highest levels of NOD2 expression were in proliferating crypt epithelial cells. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP), that is recognized by NOD2, promoted CEC growth in vitro . By contrast,the growth of NOD2-deficient CECs was impaired. In vivo CEC proliferation was also reduced and apoptosis increased in Nod2-/- mice, which were also evident following enteric Salmonella infection. Furthermore, neutralization of NOD2 mRNA expression in human colonic carcinoma cells by shRNA interference resulted in decreased survival due to increased levels of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with the involvement of NOD2 protein in promoting CEC growth and survival. Defects in proliferation by CECs in cases of CD may contribute to the underlying pathology of disrupted intestinal homeostasis and excessive inflammation.

关键词： Colon Epithelial cells NOD2 Growth

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QTL analysis of soft scald in two apple populations

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 117-123页

作者： Kendra A McClure Kyle M Gardner peter MA Toivonen Cheryl R Hampson Jun Song Charles F Forney john DeLong Istvan Rajcan Sean Myles Department of Plant and Animal Sciences Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroB2N 5E3Nova ScotiaCanada Department of Plant Agriculture Crop Science BuildingUniversity of GuelphGuelphN1G 2W1OntarioCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development CentreFrederictonE3B 4Z7New BrunswickCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Summerland Research and Development CentreSummerlandV0H 1Z0British ColumbiaCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Kentville Research and Development CentreKentvilleB4N 1J5Nova ScotiaCanada

The apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)is one of the world’s most widely grown and valuable fruit *** demand for apples year round,storability has emerged as an important consideration for apple breeding *** scald is a cold storage-related disorder that results in sunken,darkened tissue on the fruit *** breeders are keen to generate new cultivars that do not suffer from soft scald and can thus be marketed year *** breeding approaches are protracted and labor intensive,and therefore marker-assisted selection(MAS)is a valuable tool for *** advance MAS for storage disorders in apple,we used genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)to generate high-density genetic maps in two F1 apple populations,which were then used for quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping of soft *** total,900 million DNA sequence reads were generated,but after several data filtering steps,only 2%of reads were ultimately used to create two genetic maps that included 1918 and 2818 single-nucleotide *** QTL associated with soft scald were identified in one of the bi-parental populations originating from parent 11W-12-11,an advanced breeding *** study demonstrates the utility of next-generation DNA sequencing technologies for QTL mapping in F1 populations,and provides a basis for the advancement of MAS to improve storability of apples.

关键词： breeding cultivar apple

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Management of necrotizing pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第4期7卷 476-481页

作者： john Slavin Paula Ghaneh Robert Sutton Mark Hartley peter Rowlands Conall Garvey Mark Hughes john Neoptolemos Departments of Surgery Royal Liverpool University Hospital Departments of Radiology Royal Liverpool University Hospital

Infection complicating pancreatic necrosis leads to persisting sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and accounts for about half the deaths that occur following acute pancreatitis. Severe cases due to gallstones require urgent endoscopic sphincterotomy. Patients with pancreatic necrosis should be followed with serial contrast enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and if infection is suspected fine needle aspiration of the necrotic area for bacteriology (FNAB) should be undertaken. Treatment of sterile necrosis should initially be non-operative. In the presence of infection necrosectomy is indicated. Although traditionally this has been by open surgery, minimally invasive procedures are a promising new alternative. There are many unresolved issues in the management of pancreatic necrosis. These include, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, the precise indications for and frequency of repeat CE-CT and FNAB,and the role of enteral feeding.

关键词： Humans Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive

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Update of endoscopy in liver disease:More than just treating varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第5期18卷 401-411页

作者： Christoforos Krystallis Gail S Masterton peter C Hayes john N Plevris Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders The Royal InfirmaryUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

The management of complications in liver disease is often complex and *** has undergone a period of rapid expansion with numerous novel and specialized endoscopic modalities that are of increasing value in the investigation and management of the patient with liver *** this review,relevant literature search and expert opinions have been used to provide a brief overview and update of the current endoscopic management of patients with liver disease and portal *** main areas covered are safety of endoscopy in patients with liver disease,the use of standard endoscopy for the treatment of varices and the role of new endoscopic modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound,esophageal capsule,argon plasma coagulation,spyglass and endomicroscopy in the investigation and treatment of liver-related gastrointestinal and biliary *** is clear that the role of the endoscopy in liver disease is well beyond that of just treating *** the technology in endoscopy expands,so does the role of the endoscopist in liver disease.

关键词： Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Varices En-doscopic ultrasound Esophageal capsule Endoscopicretrograde cholangiopancreatography Endomicros-copy Spyglass

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Unleashing the Power of Moiré Materials in Neuromorphic Computing

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Chinese Physics Letters 2023年第12期40卷 131-132页

作者： john Paul Strachan peter Grünberg Institute(PGI-14) Neuromorphic Compute NodesForschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany and RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany

Reservoir computing has been an intriguing paradigm in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning that draws inspiration from the complex dynamics of recurrent neural networks found in biological systems. Unlike traditional neural networks, reservoir computing separates the training of a fixed, randomly connected ‘reservoir’layer from a simpler ‘readout’ layer. This distinctive architecture allows the reservoir to process information in a highly dynamic and nonlinear manner.

关键词： networks neural computing

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PRAIRIE-BASED GREEN ROOFS:LITERATURE,TEMPLATES,AND ANALOGS

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Journal of Green Building 2012年第1期7卷 143-172页

作者： Richard K.Sutton john A.Harrington Lee Skabelund peter MacDonagh Reid R.Coffman Gord Koch Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and the Program in Landscape Architecture 279 Plant SciencesLincolnNEUSA UW-Madison 25 Agricultural Hall 1450 Linden DriveMadisonWIUSA54706 Kansas State University Department of Landscape Architecture and Regional and Community Planning3031 Seaton HallManhattanKSUSA66502 Kestrel Design Group 7101 Ohms LaneMinneapolisMN 55439 USA University of Oklahoma Olds College

Native prairie species have been both promoted and questioned in their ability to serve as vegetative covers for green *** green roof environment with its exposure to intense sun and wind and limited moisture restricts the capacity for a large diversity of *** result has been,in many cases,a standard,low-diversity mix of Sedum species often focused on ornament and minimizes the potential for wider environmental *** reviewed the ecological literature on prairie and grassland communities with specific reference to habitat templates from stressed environmental conditions and examined analogs of prairie-based vegetation on twenty-one existing green *** found that many,but not all prairie and grassland species will survive and thrive on green roofs,especially when irrigated as needed or given adequate growing medium *** raise several important questions about media,irrigation,temperature,biodiversity and their interactions needing more study.

关键词： extensive semi-intensive green roof habitat templates prairie plants

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Socio-Economic and Scientific Impact Created by Whitefly-Transmitted,Plant-Virus Disease Resistant Tomato Varieties in Southern India

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 337-345页

作者： john Colvin N Nagaraju Carlos Moreno-Leguizamon R M Govindappa T B Manjunatha Reddy S A Padmaja Neena Joshi peter M Hanson Susan E Seal V Muniyappa Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom University of Agricultural Sciences G.K.V.K.Bangalore 560065India AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center

Research carried out to assess the impact of open-pollinated Tomato leaf curl virus（ToLCV）-resistant tomatoes and hybrids on the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers in Southern India is described and *** high-yielding ToLCV-resistant tomato varieties were developed initially using conventional breeding and screening techniques involving inoculation by ToLCV-viruliferous whitefly,Bemisia *** 2003 and 2004,respectively,these varieties were released officially by the Karnataka State Seed Committee and the Indian Ministry of Agriculture through notification in the Gazette of *** 2003 to 2005,eleven seed companies bought breeder seed of the ToLCV-resistant varieties and used them to begin breeding F1 hybrids from ***-economic studies carried out to assess the benefits obtained from growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties found that farmers could gain up to 10 times the profit by growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties compared to the pre-existing ToLCV-susceptible *** of ToLCV-resistant tomatoes was also associated with reduced pesticide *** income from tomato sales was prioritised by farmers to pay for children＇s education,better nutrition and *** a joint effort with the commercial seed sector in India,a promotional field day was organised in *** well as the three ToLCV-resistant varieties,62 ToLCV-resistant hybrid tomatoes were exhibited during a farmer-field day by 17 commercial seed companies and several public *** with ToLCV-resistance are now grown widely in South India and seeds of the three open-pollinated varieties have been distributed to more than 12 *** 2007,a conservative estimate of the financial-benefit to cost of the research ratio was already more than 837：1.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci begomovirus international development tomato resistance Tomato leaf curl virus

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Proceedings of the 1st World Congress on Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) 1

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2011年

作者： john Allison peter Collins George Spanos

ISBN: (数字)9781118147726

ISBN: (纸本)9780470943199

In its most advanced form, Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) holistically integrates manufacturing simulation, advanced materials models and component performance analysis. This volume contains thirty-five papers presented at the 1st World Congress on Integrated Computational Materials Engineering. Modeling processing-microstructure relationships, modeling microstructure-property relationships, and the role of ICME in graduate and undergraduate education are discussed. Ideal as a primary text for engineering students, this book motivates a wider understanding of the advantages and limitations offered by the various computational (and coordinated experimental) tools of this field.

关键词： Materials science Data processing Congresses.

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Accelerating materials discovery using artificial intelligence, high performance computing and robotics

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 767-775页

作者： Edward O.Pyzer-Knapp Jed W.Pitera peter W.J.Staar Seiji Takeda Teodoro Laino Daniel P.Sanders James Sexton john R.Smith Alessandro Curioni IBM Research Europe-Daresbury DaresburyUK IBM Almaden Research Centre San JoseCAUSA IBM Research Europe Zurich RüschlikonSwitzerland IBM Research Tokyo TokyoJapan IBM Thomas J.Watson Research Centre Yorktown HeightsNYUSA

New tools enable new ways of working,and materials science is no *** materials discovery,traditional manual,serial,and human-intensive work is being augmented by automated,parallel,and iterative processes driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI),simulation and experimental *** this perspective,we describe how these new capabilities enable the acceleration and enrichment of each stage of the discovery *** show,using the example of the development of a novel chemically amplified photoresist,how these technologies’ impacts are amplified when they are used in concert with each other as powerful,heterogeneous workflows.

关键词： artificial computing enable

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Portable ultrasonography in mass casualty incidents:The CAVEAT examination

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2010年第1期1卷 10-19页

作者： Stanislaw peter Stawicki James M Howard john P Pryor David P Bahner Melissa L Whitmill Anthony J Dean Department of Surgery Division of Critical CareTraumaand BurnThe Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Surgery Division of Traumatology and Surgical Critical CareUniversity of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Emergency Medicine University of Pennsylvania School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

Ultrasonography used by practicing clinicians has been shown to be of utility in the evaluation of time-sensitive and critical illnesses in a range of environments,including pre-hospital triage,emergency department,and critical care *** increasing availability of lightweight,robust,user-friendly,and low-cost portable ultrasound equipment is particularly suited for use in the physically and temporally challenging environment of a multiple casualty incident(MCI).Currently established ultrasound applications used to identify potentially lethal thoracic or abdominal conditions offer a base upon which rapid,focused protocols using hand-carried emergency ultrasonography could be *** a detailed review of the current use of portable ultrasonography in military and civilian MCI settings,we propose a protocol for sonographic evaluation of the chest,abdomen,vena cava,and extremities for acute *** protocol is two-tiered,based on the urgency and technical difficulty of the sonographic *** addition to utilization of well-established bedside abdominal and thoracic sonography applications,this protocol incorporates extremity assessment for long-bone *** of the proposed protocol will need to be conducted to determine its utility in simulated and actual MCI settings.

关键词： Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma Chest,abdomen,vena cava,and extremities for acute triage Ultrasonography Disaster Field triage Pre-hospital care Mass casualty incident

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