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Regional variation in routes to diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma in England from 2006 to 2017

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第24期29卷 3825-3842页

作者： Amy Zalin-Miller Sophie Jose Craig Knott Lizz Paley Daniela Tataru Helen Morement Mireille b Toledano Shahid A Khan Department of Analytics Health Data Insight CICCambridge CB215XEUnited Kingdom Disease Registration Service NHS EnglandLondon E144PUUnited Kingdom CEO AMMFLondon CM241QWUnited Kingdom MRC Centre for Environment and Health School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondon SW72BXUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Division of Digestive DiseasesImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND Incidence of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is rising,with overall prognosis remaining very *** for the high mortality of CCA include its late presentation in most patients,when curative options are no longer feasible,and poor response to systemic therapies for advanced *** presentation presents a large barrier to improving outcomes and is often associated with diagnosis via mergency presentation(EP).Earlier diagnoses may be made by Two Week Wait(TWW)referrals through General practitioner(GP).We hypothesise that TWW referrals and EP routes to diagnosis differ across regions in *** To investigate routes to diagnosis of CCA over time,regional variation and influencing *** We linked patient records from the National Cancer Registration Dataset to Hospital Episode Statistics,Cancer Waiting Times and Cancer Screening Programme datasets to define routes to diagnosis and certain patient characteristics for patients diagnosed 2006-2017 in *** used linear probability models to investigate geographic variation by assessing the proportions of patients diagnosed via TWW referral or EP across Cancer Alliances in England,adjusting for potential *** between the proportion of people diagnosed by TWW referral and EP was investigated with Spearman’s correlation *** Of 23632 patients diagnosed between 2006-2017 in England,the most common route to diagnosis was EP(49.6%).Non-TWW GP referrals accounted for 20.5%of diagnosis routes,13.8%were diagnosed by TWW referral,and the remainder 16.2%were diagnosed via an‘other’or Unknown *** proportion diagnosed via a TWW referral doubled between 2006-2017 rising from 9.9%to 19.8%,conversely EP diagnosis route declined,falling from 51.3%to 46.0%.Statistically significant variation in both the TWW referral and EP proportions was found across Cancer ***,presence of comorbidity and underlying liver disease were independently associated with both a lowe

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Route to diagnosis Two Week Wait Emergency presentation Regional variation

Development of Energy Management System for Micro Grid Operation

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2537-2551页

作者： S.Jayaprakash b.Gopi Murugananth Gopal Raj S.Sujith S.Deepa S.Swapna School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Muthayammal Engineering College(Autonomous)RasipuramTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ahalia School of Engineering and TechnologyKozhiparaPalakkadKeralaIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering NSS College of EngineeringPalakkadKeralaIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering GRT Institute of Engineering and TechnologyTiruttaniThiruvallurTamil NaduIndia

The introduction of several small and large-scale industries,malls,shopping complexes,and domestic applications has significantly increased energy *** aim of the work is to simulate a technically viable and economically optimum hybrid power system for residential *** proposed micro-grid model includes four power generators:solar power,wind power,Electricity board(Eb)source,and a Diesel Generator(DG)set,with solar and wind power performing as major sources and the Eb supply and DG set serving as backup *** core issue in direct current to alternate current conversion is harmonics distortion,a five-stage multilevel inverter is employed with the assistance of an intelligent control system is simulated and the optimum system configuration is estimated to reduce harmonics and improve the power *** monthly demand for residential buildings is 13-15 ***,almost 433 Kilo-Watts(KW)of electricity is required every day,and if it is used for 8 h per day,50-60 KW of electricity is needed per *** overall micro-grid model’s operation and performance are established using MATLAb/SIMULINK software,and simulation results are *** simulation results show that the developed system is both cost-effective and environment friendly resulting in yearly cost reductions.

关键词： Microgrid energy management system intelligent control system multilevel inverter power plants

Palm oil protectsα-linolenic acid from rumen biohydrogenation and muscle oxidation in cashmere goat kids

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 711-728页

作者： Xue Wang Graeme b.Martin Qi Wen Shulin Liu Yinhao Li binlin Shi Xiaoyu Guo Yanli Zhao Yangdong Guo Sumei Yan Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health College of HorticultureChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia

background:In ruminants,dietary C18:3n-3 can be lost through biohydrogenation in the rumen;and C18:3n-3 that by-passes the rumen still can be lost through oxidation in muscle,theoretically reducing the deposition of C18:3n-3,the substrate for synthesis of poly-unsaturated fatty acids(n-3 LCPUFA)in *** vitro studies have shown that rumen hydrogenation of C18:3n-3 is reduced by supplementation with palm oil(rich in cis-9 C18:1).In addition,in hepatocytes,studies with neonatal rats have shown that cis-9 C18:1 inhibits the oxidation of C18:*** therefore seems likely that palm oil could reduce both rumen biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 and muscle oxidation of C18:*** present experiment tested whether the addition of palm oil to a linseed oil supplement for goat kids would prevent the losses of C18:3n-3 and thus improve the FA composition in two muscles,Longissimus dorsi and biceps *** investigate the processes involved,we studied the rumen bacterial communities and measured the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in Longissimus *** 4-month-old castrated male Albas white cashmere kids were randomly allocated among three dietary *** three diets contained the same ingredients in the same proportions,but differed in their fat additives:palm oil(PMO),linseed oil(LSO)or mixed oil(MIX;2 parts linseed oil plus 1 part palm oil on a weight basis).Results:Compared with the LSO diet,the MIX diet decreased the relative abuandance of Pseudobutyrivibrio,a bacterial species that is positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3 and that has been reported to generate the ATP required for biohydrogenation(reflecting a decrease in the abundance of rumen bacteria that hydrogenate C18:3n-3 in MIX kids).In muscle,the MIX diet increased concentrations of C18:3n-3,C20:5n-3,C22:6n-3,and n-3 LCPUFA,and thus decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio;decreased the mRNA expression of CPT1β(a gene associated with fatty acid oxidation)and

关键词： Desaturases Docosahexaenoic acid Hydrogenation Goats Meat Oleic acid Oxidative stress

Hepatoprotective activity of Hepax-A polyherbal formulation

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 142-146页

作者： VC Devaraj b Gopala Krishna GL Viswanatha Jagadish V Kamath Sanjay Kumar Department of Pharmacology Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacognosy RR College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology PES College of Pharmacy

Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of Hepax,a polyherbal formulation,against three experimentally induced hepatotoxicity models in ***:Hepatoprotective activity of Hepax was studied against three experimentally induced hepatotoxicity models,namely, carbon tetrachloride(CCl_4),paracetamol and thiocetamide induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Results:Administration of hepatotoxins(CCl_4,paracetamol and thiocetamide) showed significant morphological,biochemical and histological deteriorations in the liver of experimental animals. Pretreatment with Hepax had significant protection against hepatic damage by maintaining the morphological parameters(liver weight and liver weight to organ weight ratio) within normal range and normalizing the elevated levels of biochemical parameters(SGPT,SCOT,ALP and total bilirubin),which were evidently showed in histopathological ***:The Hepax has highly significant hepatoprotective effect at 100 and 200 mg/kg,*** the liver of all the three experimental animal models.

关键词： Hepax Paracetamol CCl_4 Thiocetamide Hepatotoxicity

Speculation on the timing and nature of Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer colonization of the Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Science bulletin 2003年第14期48卷 1510-1516页

作者： P.J.brantingham MAHaizhou J.W.Olsen GAOXinq D.b.Madsen D.E.Rhode DepartmentofAnthropology UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesCA90095USA InstituteofSaltLakes ChineseAcademyofSciencesXining810008China DepartmentofAnthropology UniversityofArizonaAZ85721USA InstituteofVertebratePaleontologyandPaleoanthropology ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeiiing100044.China DesertResearchInstitute NV89512USA

Hunter-gatherer populations in greater northeast Asia experienced dramatic range expansions during the early Upper Paleolithic (45—22 ka) and the late Upper Paleolithic (18—10 ka), both of which led to intensive occupations of cold desert environments including the Mongolian Gobi and northwest China. Range contractions under the cold, arid extremes of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 22—18 ka) may have entailed widespread population extirpations. The high elevation Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is significantly more extreme in both climate and environment than either the Gobi or the Siberian taiga forests, and provides an ideal setting to test fundamental models of human biogeog- raphy in the context of regional population fluctuations. The area is presently occupied primarily by nomadic pastoralists, but it is clear that these complex middle Holocene (blished that Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers were present on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau by at least 12 ka and possibly much earlier. A speculative model for the colonization process is developed and preliminary archaeological data in support of the model are presented.

关键词：青藏高原晚更新世猎人聚集者定居时间自然环境人类地理学

Changes in Soil Properties of Paddy Fields Across a Cultivation Chronosequence in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2005年第1期15卷 110-119页

作者： LIZhong-Pei ZHANGTao-Lin LIDe-Cheng b.VELDE HANFeng-Xiang InstituteofSoilScience ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China LaboratoiredeGéologie EcoleNormaleSupérieureCNRSParis75231France DiagnosticInstrumentationandAnalysisLaboratory MississippiStateUniversityStarkvilleMS39759USA

Rice production plays a crucial role in the food supply of China and a better understanding of the changes in paddy soil fertility and the management effects is of practical importance for increasing rice productivity. In this study, field sampling in a typical red soil region of subtropical China, Jiangxi Province, was used to observe changes in the soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in a cultivation chronosequence of paddy fields. After cultivation, clay (< 0.002 mm) content in the soil…

关键词： cultivation chronosequence paddy fields soil properties subtropical China

Roadian-Wordian(Middle Permian)Conodont biostratigraphy,Sedimentary Facies and Paleotemperature Evolution at the Shuixiakou Section,Xikou Area,Southeastern Qinling Region,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第3期32卷 534-553页

作者： baojin Wu Hanxiao Li Michael M.Joachimski Paul b.Wignall Haishui Jiang Lina Wang Xianlang Wu Xulong Lai Jiaxin Yan State Key Laboratory of biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China GeoZentrum Nordbayern Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen 91054Germany School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK College of Resources Hebei GEO UniversityShijiazhuang 050031China

Focusing on the Shuixiakou Section(Xikou area,Zhen’an County,Shaanxi Province,southeastern Qinling region,China),the Roadian-Wordian conodonts are *** than 2000 conodont elements including 6 genera and 14 species have been *** on these materials,the Guadalupian Jinogondolella nankingensis and *** zones have been *** Roadian-Wordian boundary is tentatively defined by the first occurrence of *** in the lower part of UnitⅢin the Shuixiakou *** sedimentary succession of Xikou area records similar sea-level changes to those observed in Laibin area(South China).The 40 m-thick bioclastic limestone of UnitⅣin this section can be correlated with the reefs of bed 114 in Laibin area.A temperature drop indicated byδ18Oapatite values suggests this Wordian interval coincides with a period of glaciation and global regression.

关键词： biostratigraphic framework sea-level change paleotemperature Roadian-Wordian boundary Shuixiakou Section

Formation of Nanoscale Intermetallic Phases in Ni Surface Layer at High Intensity Implantation of Al Ions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第5期20卷 583-586页

作者： I.A.bozhko S.V.Fortuna I.A.Kurzina I.b.Stepanov E.V.Kozlov Yu.P.Sharkeev Tomsk State University of Architecture & building 2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003RussiaNuclear Physics InstituteTomsk Polytechnic University2a Lenin Str.Tomsk 634050RussiaTomsk State University of Architecture & Building2 Solyanaya pl.Tomsk 634003.RussiaInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials ScienceRussian Academy of Sciences2/1 Pr.AkademicheskiiTomsk 634021Russia

The results of experimental study of nanoscale intermetallic formation in surface layer of a metal target at ion implantation are presented. To increase the thickness of the ion implanted surface layer the high intensive ion implantation is used. Compared with the ordinary ion implantation, the high intensive ion implantation allows a much thicker modified surface layer. Pure polycrystalline nickel was chosen as a target. Nickel samples were irradiated with Al ions on the vacuum-arc ion beam and plasma flow source 'Raduga-5'. It was shown that at the high intensity ion implantation the fine dispersed particles of Ni3AI, NiAl intermetallic compounds and solid solution Al in Ni are formed in the nickel surface layer of 200 nm and thicker. The formation of phases takes place in complete correspondence with the Ni-AI phase diagram.

关键词： High intensive ion implantation Ion-plasma source Intermetallic nanophases

Efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty following incisional glaucoma surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第1期11卷 71-76页

作者： Robert Allan Sharpe Leah L Kammerdiener David b.Williams Sudeep K.Das Matthew J.Nutaitis Department of Ophthalmology Storm Eye InstituteMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth Carolina 29425USA Jacksonville Naval Hospital JacksonvilleFlorida 32214USA

AIM： To evaluate the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty（SLT） in glaucomatous eyes with previous incisional glaucoma surgery. METHODS： A retrospective cohort of eyes that underwent SLT at a single institution from 2013-2015 were followed for 1 y. Reduction in intraocular pressure（IOP） following SLT was evaluated in eyes with prior trabeculectomy with Ex Press mini shunt（Alcon, Ft Worth, TX, USA）, Ahmed valve（New World Medical, Cucamonga, CA, USA）, or combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy. A control group was included with eyes without prior surgery that underwent SLT. Success was defined as 〉20% drop in IOP from pre-SLT baseline. RESULTS： One-hundred and six eyes were included with 53 in both the prior glaucoma surgery（PGS） and no prior glaucoma surgery（NPGS） groups. Mean pre-SLT IOP was 19.2±4.3 and 20.6±6.0 mm Hg for PGS and NPGS groups, respectively（P=0.17）. both groups produced statistically significant IOP reductions at 1 and 6 mo（P〈0.04）. At 6 mo, mean IOP reduction reached 7.3% and 10.8% for the PGS and NPGS groups, respectively（P=0.42）. Overall, 27.9% and 31.7% of eyes in PGS and NPGS groups met success criteria at 1 y（P=0.70）. In the PGS group, eyes with baseline IOP ≥21 mm Hg had IOP reductions of 18.1%（P〈0.001）, 16.7%（P〈0.01）, and 8.4%（P=0.31） compared to eyes with baseline IOP 〈21 mm Hg who had IOP reductions of 2.3%（P=0.39）, 3.4%（P=0.19）, and 1.1%（P=0.72） at 1, 6 mo, and 1 y, respectively. CONCLUSION： SLT is efficacious in eyes with prior incisional glaucoma surgery and results in similar IOP reductions compared to eyes without PGS. A larger IOP reduction is observed following SLT in eyes with higher pre-SLT IOP.

关键词： glaucoma selective laser trabeculoplasty trabeculectomy Ahmed glaucoma valve intraocular pressure