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Efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound vs sham ultrasound on pain and physical function in people with knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2014年第3期2卷 78-90页

作者： Norma J Mac Intyre ahmed Negm Adalberto Loyola-Sánchez Mohit Bhandari School of Rehabilitation Science Mc Master UniversityHamilton Department of Surgery Mc Master UniversityHamilton

AIM: To determine the efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound vs sham for improving pain and physical function immediately post-intervention in people with knee osteoarthritis(OA). METHODS: We hand searched meta-analyses on the topic published in 2010 and updated the search in three electronic databases(MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL) January 1, 2009 to September 5, 2013 to identify relevant studies. The inclusion criteria were human randomized controlled trials published in the English language in which active therapeutic ultrasound was compared tosham ultrasound, data for people with knee OA were reported separately, participants were blinded to treatment allocation and outcomes assessed before and after treatment included pain, self-reported physical function and performance-based physical function. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts retrieved in the search to identify trials suitable for full text review. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment of the identified trials were completed independently by two reviewers. Pooled analyses were conducted using inverse-variance random effects ***: We screened 1013 titles and abstracts. Meta-analysis of pain outcomes from 5 small trials(281 participants/OA knees) showed that, compared to sham ultrasound, therapeutic ultrasound improves pain [standardized mean difference(SMD)(95%CI) =-0.39(-0.70--0.08); P = 0.01] but not physical function [self-reported in 3 trials(130 participants/OA knees): SMD(95%CI) =-0.21(-0.55-0.14), P = 0.24; walking performance in 4 trials(130 participants/OA knees): SMD(95%CI) =-0.11(-0.59-0.37), P = 0.65). For the walking performance outcome, the dispersion of the estimated effects exceeded that expected due to sampling error(χ2 = 8.37, P = 0.04, I 2 = 64%). Subgroup analyses of three trials that administered high dose ultrasound improved the consistency(I2 = 28%) but the treatment effect remained ***: Meta-analyzed double-blind placebocontrolled rand

关键词： Ultrasonic therapy Physical therapy modalities Osteoarthritis Double-blind method Evidence-based medicine

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Study on Deformation of Lattice Sandwich Structure Subjected to Uniform Water Pressure

Study on Deformation of Lattice Sandwich Structure Subjected...

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第十二届武汉地区船舶与海洋工程研究生学术论坛

作者： Tauhid ahmed Zhang Zhenhua Deng Bo Huang Xiufeng Naval University of Engineering College of naval architecture and ocean engineering

Sandwich panels composed of pyramidal cellular cores and solid face plates are presented to high hydrostatic pressure. The performance of this hybrid composite structure under high hydrostatic pressure is numerically studied, considering the geometric variations of the lattice core. The panels were assumed to be made from marine grade ductile stainless steel. Different design parameters were considered, including material properties, thickness of face plate, and diameter of the unit cell strut member. The structures responses were compared to those of monolithic solid plates of equivalent weight. The hydrostatic pressure given to the sandwich panels was varied up to 10 MPa s by changing the operating water depth of the structure. A decoupled finite element model has been used to computationally study the quasi-static response of the structures. The model predicts structural deformations quite well and is used to identify the deformation sequence during changing depth and the face plate and core failure mechanisms. Optimally designed sandwich plates can sustain hydrostatic pressures with two to three times smaller deformations than the monolithic plates of the same mass and material. The model is used to discuss several issues relevant to the design of effective pyramidal sandwich plates, including differing radius and thickness of plates and core materials, the role of core strength, and the relation between sandwich plates and same weight monolithic solid plates.

关键词： Lattice materials Finite element analysis Plastic buckling Sandwich panels Hydrostatic pressure

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De novo glomerular diseases after renal transplantation:How is it different from recurrent glomerular diseases?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2017年第6期7卷 285-300页

作者： Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Jon Kim Jin Ajay Sharma ahmed Halawa Department of Nephrology Jaber El Ahmed Military Hospital Faculty of Health and Science University of LiverpoolInstitute of Learning and TeachingSchool of Medicine Doncaster Royal Infirmary Nottingham Children Hospital Royal Liverpool University Hospitals Department of Transplantation Surgery Sheffield Teaching Hospitals

The glomerular diseases after renal transplantation can occur de novo,i.e.,with no relation to the native kidney disease,or more frequently occur as a recurrence of the original disease in the native *** may not be any difference in clinical features and histological pattern between de novo glomerular disease and recurrence of original glomerular ***,structural alterations in transplanted kidney add to dilemma in *** changes in architecture of histopathology can happen due to:(1) exposure to the immunosuppression specifically the calcineurin inhibitors(CNI);(2) in vascular and tubulointerstitial alterations as a result of antibody mediated or cellmediated immunological onslaught;(3) post-transplant viral infections;(4) ischemia-reperfusion injury; and(5) hyperfiltration *** pathogenesis of the de novo glomerular diseases differs with each *** of B-cell clones with subsequent production of the monoclonal Ig G,particularly Ig G3 subtype that has higher affinity to the negatively charged glomerular tissue,is suggested to be included in PGNMID *** novo membranous nephropathy canbe seen after exposure to the cryptogenic podocyte *** role of the toxic effects of CNI including tissue fibrosis and the hemodynamic alterations may be involved in the de novo FSGS *** well-known deleterious effects of HCV infection and its relation to MPGN disease are frequently *** new concepts have emerged that demonstrate the role of dysregulation of alternative complement pathway in evolution of MPGN that led to classifying into two subgroups,immune complex mediated MPGN and complement-mediated *** latter comprises of the dense deposit disease and the C3 GN *** novo C3 disease is rather *** of de novo diseases varies with each type and their management continues to be empirical to a large extent.

关键词： De novo glomerulonephritis Renal transplantation New concepts of therapy

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Presentation and Management of Wilm’s Tumour in Sudan (Three Centre Experience from 2014-2016)

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第10期11卷 358-366页

作者： ahmed Mohammed Atiaallah Mutaz Ogeal Osman Aamir Abdallah Hamza Mawadda Farah Omer Alamin Faculty of Medicine Red Sea University Port Sudan Sudan Faculty of Medicine University of Bahri Khartoum Bahri Sudan Sudan Medical Specializations Board Khartoum Sudan National Elribat University Hospital Khartoum Sudan

Background: Wilm’s tumour is a cancer of the kidneys that typically occurs in children younger than fifteen years of age and rarely in adults. With an early diagnosis and proper management of Wilm’s tumour by Multi-modal approach, excellent outcome can be obtained. This study was designed to reflect the clinical presentations and focus on different management modalities with an outcome of Wilm’s tumour in Sudan. Patients and methods: This descriptive, retro-prospective analytic study included all patients of Wilm’s tumour at Soba University Hospital, Gezira national paediatric surgery centre and Khartoum teaching Hospital from January 2014 to January 2016. Results: Thirty patients (pts) were included. Females were predominant in a ratio of 3: 1 to males. The mean age was 3.0 - 5.9 years. Those who came from central and western of Sudan were more affected. Most patients presented with abdominal mass 28 pts (93.3%), followed by abdominal distension in 16 pts (53.3%), while the less frequent presentation was haematuria seen only in 2 pts (6.7%). The multimodal approach: surgery and chemotherapy used in 21 pts (70%) and single modality was used in nine patients: surgery alone in 6 pts (20%), or chemotherapy alone in 3 pts (10%). The patients discharged uneventfully 23 pts (76%). Morbidity was seen in two patients. Deaths were occurred in five patients in the study (16.7%). Conclusion: The finding of this study reflected that Wilm’s tumour has an excellent outcome when patient was managed by multimodal approach.

关键词： Wilm’s Tumour Multi-Modal Approach Nephrectomy Chemotherapy Outcome

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Estimating the severity levels of road traffic crashes in Bahrain with crash costs estimated with different approaches

Digital Transportation and Safety

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Digital Transportation and Safety 2023年第4期2卷 278-283页

作者： Uneb Gazder Ashar ahmed Bashayer Habib Abdulhusain Asrar Hassan Mohamed Nedal Ratrout Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of BahrainBahrainPO Box 32038 Isa TownKingdom of Bahrain Department of Urban and Infrastructure Engineering NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

An important issue in analyzing accident blackspots is the estimation of severity levels of different types of *** study aims to estimate the severity level of accidents in Bahrain using crash *** crash costs were calculated by the Human Capital Approach(HCA)and total reported costs from the *** data was collected from the General Directorate of Traffic,insurance companies,Ministry of Works(MoW)and Ministry of *** was found,from the survey responses,that there was no significant effect of victim characteristics on the total cost of the *** severity levels were found to be higher than those found in previous literature or adopted by local authorities which could be attributed to the economic conditions of ***,the weights found by both approaches were different from each ***,it is recommended to use the HCA approach due to its comprehensive calculations involving future costs.

关键词： Crash severity levels Cost of accidents Human capital approach Reported costs

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Characterisation for <i>Radioelements</i>over an Escarpment Feature(S): A Case Study of the Duku-Tarasa Gwandu Ridge Area of Birnin Kebbi NW Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第8期11卷 529-543页

作者： A. Adamu O. Ologe A. L. ahmed A. Y. Sunusi Department of Applied Geophysics Federal University Birnin Kebbi Birnin Kebbi Nigeria Department of Physics Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Physics Usmanu Danfodio University Sokoto Nigeria

The paper presents results of radiometric investigations of an area (Duku-Tarasa) near the capital city of the State of Birnin Kebbi, NW Nigeria. The area of study is about 440 m × 420 m and encloses an Escarpment Feature/Structure on a sedimentary rock generally referred to as the Gwandu Formation. The Gwandu Formation (though not described in the paper) consists of continental lacustrine sediments and is the youngest Palaeogene Formation present in the Sokoto sector of the larger Iullemmeden Basin. The study measured, along some selected profiles across this escarpment feature, radiometric signatures using a Sim-Max G411 portable field gamma-ray spectrometer (giving counts for U, Th and K relative to the background values over the area), the ground total-field magnetic data (using the proton precession magnetometer) along those profiles and collected some (5) rock samples for flame photometry and AAS analyses towards the target proposition. Activity concentration levels due to potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th) were measured in the area along the five established profiles spaced at 50 metres. The results from these measurements and analyses were displayed (in Tables/histograms and gray level maps/images of concentrations of Uranium, Thorium and Potassium prospects) and interpreted (dismissing the magnetic data as seemingly passive as no filter was applied to the mapped data).

关键词： Gwandu Ridge Iso-Radiometric Contour Map Gamma Activity Gamma-Ray Spectrometry and Radioelements

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Seismic Attenuation and Velocity Dispersion to Discriminate Gas Hydrates and Free Gas Zone, Makran Offshore, Pakistan

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第8期7卷 1020-1028页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Ehsan Perveiz Khalid Nisar ahmed Jiachun You Xuewei Liu Tahir Azeem School of Geophysics and Information Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing China Institute of Geology University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan

Gas hydrates gained a remarkable attention as an unconventional energy resource recently. In order to interpret gas hydrates (part of fluid) and free gas saturated zone accurately, it is essential to implement new technique related to seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion. P wave attenuation and velocity dispersion in porous media made promising imprints for exploration of gas hydrates. The most prominent phenomenon for attenuation and velocity dispersion in porous media is wave induced fluid flow in which wave inhomogeneities are larger than pore size but smaller than wavelength. Numerical simulation technique is applied to analyze frequency dependent velocity dispersion and attenuation in gas hydrates and free gas layer in Makran offshore of Pakistan. Homogeneous and patchy distribution patterns of gas hydrates and free gas within pore spaces of host sediments at lower and higher frequency regime are considered. It is noted that the attenuation and velocity dispersion increase with the increase in gas hydrates saturation. The maximum attenuation is observed at 66% saturation of gas hydrates in the area under investigation. However, in case of water and gas mixture the maximum attenuation and velocity dispersion occur at low gas saturation (~15%). Therefore, based on our numerical simulation, velocity dispersion and attenuation can be used as seismic attributes to differentiate various gas saturations and gas hydrates saturation for Makran offshore area of Pakistan.

关键词： Gas Hydrates Seismic Attenuation Velocity Dispersion Makran Offshore Seismic Attributes

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Generalized Power Akshaya Distribution and Its Applications

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2021年第4期9卷 323-338页

作者： ahmed T. Ramadan Ahlam H. Tolba Beih S. El-Desouky Department of Basic Sciences High Raya Institute New Damietta Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

In this paper, a new two-parameter distribution called generalized power Akshaya distribution extended from Akshaya distribution is introduced. This distribution is proposed to model lifetime data. Statistical properties like density, hazard, survival and moments are derived. Two parameters estimation is introduced using maximum likelihood and Bayesian techniques. Finally, an application of real data and a simulation study are introduced to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed distribution.

关键词： Akshaya Distribution Generalized Distributions Moments Estimation

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Attitudes of Healthcare Professionals towards Mental Illness: A Survey Study in Ras Al Khaimah

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第3期11卷 160-173页

作者： Rasha Aziz Attia Salama Talaat Mattar Tadroos Irha Sikandar ahmed Ashraf Ayesha Khan Department of Community Medicine Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Science University Ras Al Kahimah UAE Kasr El Aini School of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Psychiatry Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Science University Ras Al Kahimah UAE Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Science University Ras Al Kahimah UAE

Background: Negative and stigmatizing attitudes and behaviours towards people with mental health problems have the potential to lead to a lack of access to care, under-treatment, social marginalization, and can undermine the relationship between the patient and provider. The study aimed to measure attitude of healthcare professionals towards mental illness. Methods: Across sectional descriptive study was conducted over one month from April to May 2019 at Ras Al khaimah medical and health Science University and affiliated health care facilities. Mental Illness Clinicians’ Attitudes Scale version 4 Questionnaire was used to collect data from participants after obtaining their informed consent with assured confidentiality. Results: The study included 113 health care professionals. The mean score of attitude of health care professionals towards mental illness was 57.8 ± 10.8 out of 96. Negative attitudes were reported about the dangerousness, respect and suspicion over recovery of people with mental health problems, interactions with them in clinical practice, and fear of disclosure to colleagues or friends about mental health problems and confidence in capabilities of assessing mental health problems in primary care. The significant positive attitude was found among participants who were university faculty than those who worked in hospitals and Primary care centres (P = 0.04). Health care professionals who were university faculty and have reported more than 10 years of experience as health professionals reported significantly higher mean scores (P Conclusion: Educational programs might be useful to raise awareness towards the stigmatizing attitudes towards mental health and mental illnesses.

关键词： Health Care Professionals Attitude Mental Illness Ras Al Khaimah

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Culture Optimization for Mass Production of <i>Rhizobium</i>Using Bioreactor Made of Readily Available Materials and Agitated by Air Flow

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第6期12卷 620-629页

作者： Most. Farhana Begom Md. Giush Uddin ahmed Rebeka Sultana Ferdous Akter Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

Large quantities of Rhizobium leguminosarum by conventional technique are a time-consuming and labor-intensive method of production. The selection of different types of nutrient media for the production of large amounts of rhizobium at low cost, determination of environmental regulators of culture medium and the effect of different levels of air flow into nutrition media have been investigated. Rhizobium cultured in modified air lift bioreactor as improved conventional system using Yeast Extract Mannitol Broth by assessing aeration and agitation in their submerged growth. For selection of suitable nutrient media for Rhizobium before mass production, YMA (Yeast Mannitol Agar), YSA (Yeast Sucrose Agar), YMA + bromthymol blue (BTB), YMA + Congo red (CR) medium was tested. To optimize the growing conditions of different temperatures, pH levels and salt strengths were investigated. Three air flow speeds at the rate of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 VVM for oxygen supply were ensured. A thick off-white bacterial colony was observed on the YMA plate among different culture media. Room temperature (25˚C - 30˚C), neutral pH (7.0), low salinity (1%) was observed to be suitable among the environmental conditions for Rhizobium mass production. The maximum density of Rhizobium was observed using air supply of 0.1 VVM level in bioreactor system. The result seemed that the air supply and agitation was an important growth factor in submerged cultivation. This study provides useful information on large scale production of Rhizobium of interest employing low cost effective modified air lift bioreactor within less time.

关键词： Rhizobium Bioreactor Agitation Mass Propagation Bacteria

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