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Alternative Strategy for Development of Dielectric Calcium Copper Titanate‑Based Electrolytes for Low‑Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 310-332页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Zuhra Tayyab Matej Veis MAKYousaf Shah Naveed Mushtaq Dmitry Medvedev Yibin Tian Chen xia Martin Motola Bin zhu College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova684215 BratislavaSlovakia Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia School of Microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062People’s Republic of China

The development of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs)is of significant importance for realizing the widespread application of *** has stimulated a substantial materials research effort in developing high oxide-ion conductivity in the electrolyte layer of *** this context,for the first time,a dielectric material,CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)is designed for LT-SOFCs electrolyte application in this *** individual CCTO and its heterostructure materials with a p-type Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ)(NCAL)semiconductor are evaluated as alternative electrolytes in LT-SOFC at 450–550℃.The single cell with the individual CCTO electrolyte exhibits a power output of approximately 263 mW cm^(-2) and an open-circuit voltage(OCV)of 0.95 V at 550℃,while the cell with the CCTO–NCAL heterostructure electrolyte capably delivers an improved power output of approximately 605 mW cm^(-2) along with a higher OCV over 1.0 V,which indicates the introduction of high hole-conducting NCAL into the CCTO could enhance the cell performance rather than inducing any potential short-circuiting *** is found that these promising outcomes are due to the interplay of the dielectric material,its structure,and overall properties that led to improve electrochemical mechanism in CCTO–***,density functional theory calculations provide the detailed information about the electronic and structural properties of the CCTO and NCAL and their heterostructure CCTO–*** study thus provides a new approach for developing new advanced electrolytes for LT-SOFCs.

关键词： LT-SOFCs Dielectric CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12) Semiconductor Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ) Ionic conductivity Heterostructure electrolyte

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Nanoparticles for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1665-1680页

作者： Qiwei Yang Di Lu Jiuping Wu Fuming Liang Huayi Wang Junjie Yang Ganggang Zhang Chen Wang Yanlian Yang Ling zhu xinzhi Sun Department of Orthopedic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal cord injuries lead to significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, presenting major challenges in neural regeneration. Achieving effective therapeutic concentrations at injury sites has been a slow process, partly due to the difficulty of delivering drugs effectively. Nanoparticles, with their targeted delivery capabilities, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioavailability over conventional drugs, are garnering attention for spinal cord injury treatment. This review explores the current mechanisms and shortcomings of existing treatments, highlighting the benefits and progress of nanoparticle-based approaches. We detail nanoparticle delivery methods for spinal cord injury, including local and intravenous injections, oral delivery, and biomaterial-assisted implantation, alongside strategies such as drug loading and surface modification. The discussion extends to how nanoparticles aid in reducing oxidative stress, dampening inflammation, fostering neural regeneration, and promoting angiogenesis. We summarize the use of various types of nanoparticles for treating spinal cord injuries, including metallic, polymeric, protein-based, inorganic non-metallic, and lipid nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges faced, such as biosafety, effectiveness in humans, precise dosage control, standardization of production and characterization, immune responses, and targeted delivery in vivo. Additionally, we explore future directions, such as improving biosafety, standardizing manufacturing and characterization processes, and advancing human trials. Nanoparticles have shown considerable progress in targeted delivery and enhancing treatment efficacy for spinal cord injuries, presenting significant potential for clinical use and drug development.

关键词： antioxidants axon regeneration biocompatible materials drug carriers nanoparticles nerve regeneration neuroinflammatory diseases neuroprotection spinal cord injury stem cells

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Finite element simulation of elastoplastic fieldnear crack tips and results for a central crackedplate of le-lhp material under tension

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第4期35卷 828-838页

作者： x. Ji F. zhu School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

The elastoplastic field near crack tips is investigated through finite element simulation.A refined mesh model near the crack tip is proposed. In the mesh refining area, element size continuously varies from the nanometer scale to themicrometer scale and the millimeter scale. Graphics of the plastic zone, the crack tip blunting, and the deformed crack tip elements are given in the *** on the curves of stress and plastic strain, closely near the crack tip, the stresssingularity index and the stress intensity factor,as well as the plastic strain singularity index and the plastic strain intensity factor are *** and plastic strainsingular index vary with the load, while the dimensions of the stress and the plastic strain intensity factorsdependon the stress and the plastic strain singularity index, respectively. The singular field near the elastoplastic crack tip is characterized by the stress singularity index and the stress intensity factor, or alternativelythe plastic strain singularity index and the plastic strain *** the end of the paper, following Irwin’s concept of fracture mechanics,σδKσδKcriterion andεδQεδQcriterion are ***, crack tip angle criterion is also presented.

关键词： Crack Fracture mechanics Elastoplasticity Finite element method Geometry Nonlinearity

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EZH2-dependent myelination following sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2382-2394页

作者： Hui zhu Li Mu xi xu Tianyi Huang Ying Wang Siyuan xu Yiting Wang Wencong Wang Zhiping Wang Hongkui Wang Chengbin xue Research Center of Clinical Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of EducationCo-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology ProductsNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Medical School of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Nantong Fourth People’s HospitalNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Demyelination and remyelination have been major focal points in the study of peripheral nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve ***,the gene regulatory network of regenerated myelin differs from that of native *** of enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)hinders the differentiation,maturation,and myelination of Schwann cells in *** further determine the role of EZH2 in myelination and recovery post-peripheral nerve injury,conditional knockout mice lacking Ezh2 in Schwann cells(Ezh2^(fl/fl);Dhh-Cre and Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre)were *** results show that a significant proportion of axons in the sciatic nerve of Ezh2-depleted mice remain *** highlights the crucial role of Ezh2 in initiating Schwann cell ***,we observed that 21 days after inducing a sciatic nerve crush injury in these mice,most axons had remyelinated at the injury site in the control nerve,while Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre mice had significantly fewer remyelinated axons compared with their wild-type *** suggests that the absence of Ezh2 in Schwann cells impairs myelin formation and *** conclusion,EZH2 has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in the process of demyelination and myelin regeneration following peripheral nerve *** EZH2 activity during these processes may offer a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.

关键词： demyelination EZH2 myelination peripheral nerve injury PRC2 remyelination Schwann cells sciatic nerve crush sciatic nerve transection

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Dual‑Donor‑Induced Crystallinity Modulation Enables 19.23% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 376-388页

作者： Anhai Liang Yuqing Sun Sein Chung Jiyeong Shin Kangbo Sun Chaofeng zhu Jingjing Zhao Zhenmin Zhao Yufei Zhong Guangye Zhang Kilwon Cho Zhipeng Kan Center On Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak&NeutralitySchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Advanced Photovoltaic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004People’s Republic of China

Trap-assisted charge recombination is one of the primary limitationsof restricting the performance of organic solar cells. However, effectivelyreducing the presence of traps in the photoactive layer remains ***, wide bandgap polymer donor PTzBI-dF is demonstrated as an effectivemodulator for enhancing the crystallinity of the bulk heterojunction active layerscomposed of D18 derivatives blended with Y6, leading to dense and orderedmolecular packings, and thus, improves photoluminescence quenching *** a result, the photovoltaic devices exhibit reduced trap-assisted charge recombinationlosses, achieving an optimized power conversion efficiency of over 19%.Besides the efficiency enhancement, the devices comprised of PTzBI-dF as athird component simultaneously attain decreased current leakage, improved chargecarrier mobilities, and suppressed bimolecular charge recombination, leading toreduced energy losses. The advanced crystalline structures induced by PTzBI-dFand its characteristics, such as well-aligned energy level, and complementaryabsorption spectra, are ascribed to the promising performance *** findings suggest that donor phase engineering is a feasible approach to tuning the molecular packings in the active layer, providingguidelines for designing effective morphology modulators for high-performance organic solar cells.

关键词： Trap-assisted charge recombination Photoluminescence Miscibility Current leakage Power conversion efficiency

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Thermal stability of nanograins with grain boundary relaxation in microalloyed Cu-Sb and Cu-Fe

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 66-71页

作者： R.J. zhu x.Zhou x.Y. Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016 China

Grain refinement into nanoscale significantly enhances the strength and hardness of metallic materials but generally reduces the thermal stability by the introduced strong tendency for grain boundary(GB)*** nanograins through GB relaxation had been proven as an effective way in several metals recently when the grain size is below a critical ***,we discovered that the abnormally enhanced thermal stability induced by GB relaxation can be realized in 0.5%Sb or Fe doped Cu,similar to that in pure *** observed critical grain sizes for GB relaxation in the two Cu alloys are almost the same as pure ***,the GB relaxation effect on thermal stability is kind of suppressed compared to pure Cu with similar grain sizes because of the segregation/precipitation of Sb/Fe during the annealing process,which accelerates the detwinning and the failure of relaxed GBs.

关键词： Thermal stability Grain boundary relaxation Nanograined Cu alloy Segregation Precipitate

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence enhanced by macrocyclization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Shuo Li Chenghao zhu Lijun Mao xin Zhang Zecong Ye Chunju Li Da Ma School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies Taizhou University School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Tianjin Normal University

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) depends on reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from the lowest triplet to the singlet excited state. Here, a macrocyclization strategy is developed to achieve TADF emission by promoting RISC. 5-(9Hcarbazol-9-yl) isophthalonitrile, a fluorescent molecule, is coupled with 1,4-dimethoxybenzene by methylene bridges to form a macrocycle with TADF emission. Experimental results and theoretical calculation indicate that the macrocyclization strategy contributes to RISC promotion and suppression of nonradiative decay, resulting in effective TADF emission transformed from prompt fluorescence. Three TADF luminophores are cyclized with the same strategy, and an enhanced TADF emission of up to3.8 folds is observed. The marriage of macrocycle chemistry and luminescent materials will provide new guidelines for designing efficient TADF materials.

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Research on the deformation mechanism of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides based on large centrifuge physical model testing: A case study of the Genie landslide in the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Shichao Cao xiujun Dong Changbao Guo Ruian Wu Zhihua Yang Guang Zheng xiaoqiang zhu State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection， Chengdu University of Technology Institute of Geomechanics， Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety， Ministry of Natural Resources

Flexural toppling is a widespread failure mode in natural and excavated anti-inclined rock slopes of the eastern Tibetan Plateau， which can further evolve into large deep-seated landslides， posing significant threats to the construction and operation of important infrastructure. In this study， we took the large deep-seated Genie landslide as a case study and established a centrifuge physical model to analyze the deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides under the effect of gravity. The results indicate that the geomechanical mode of landslide instability is characterized by flexural toppling-shearing-sliding， with the deformation process could be divided into three stages: initial slow deformation stage marked by crack generation， rapid deformation stage characterized by the expansion and fracturing of cracks， and a low-speed deformation stage characterized by creep. Notably， the sliding surfaces do not adhere strictly to predefined bending zones but develop cracks along the bending parts， which gradually expand and penetrate deeper， eventually forming multiple potential sliding surfaces. The analysis of the entire process deformation evolution of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides suggests that the rapid deformation stage is the optimal time to take action for landslide prevention and control. The study demonstrates that the shear strength also plays a key factor in the evolution of flexural toppling. The research reveals the deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of large deep-seated landslides in deep-cut canyon areas， providing valuable reference for the prediction， assessment， and prevention of such slopes and landslides.

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High-performance transparent graphene-based antennas

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Chaoye HONG Lusong WEI Weijia WANG Youmei TANG Qinghai zhu Jiangtao HUANGFU Mingsheng xU College of Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Zhejiang University College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University

With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, applications in the military, aerospace,and vehicle wireless communication sectors have demanded miniaturized and aesthetically pleasing antennas. Transparent antennas, which combine the advantages of optical and radio-frequency(RF) technologies, have become a popular research topic. However, existing transparent antennas often suffer from complex preparation processes, fragile materials, poor conductivity, and low optical transmittance. Here, we develop hybrid conductive thin films using graphene and silver nanowires,achieving a transmittance of 86% and a sheet resistance of 7.8 Ω/sq with high environmental stability. We demonstrate the suitability of this nanocomposite in two applications: a transparent ultrahigh-frequency RF-identification tag folded dipole antenna and a transparent x-band microwave half-wave dipole antenna. These antennas offer high gain, high radiation efficiency, and small size, indicating that transparent graphene-based antennas have remarkable potential for intelligent information sensor systems.

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Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 350-359页

作者： Can zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shucheng Qin Ke Hu xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minchao Liu Zhe Liu Chenxing Lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-SCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-SCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-SCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

关键词： D-A copolymer, hole transport materials, bifunctional bridge capping layer, passivation perovskite solar cells

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