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Field assessment of dog as sentinel animal for plague in endemic foci of Madagascar

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第6期16卷 886-892页

作者： Minoarisoa RAJERISON Voahangy ANDRIANAIVOARIMANANA Maherisoa RATSITORAHINA Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Suzanne CHANTEAU Sandra.telfer Lila RAHALISON Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Epidemiology Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences Zoology BuildingUniversity of AberdeenUnited Kingdom

The epidemiology of Yersinia pestis,the causative agent of plague,involves vectors and reservoirs in its transmission *** passive plague surveillance in Madagascar targets mainly rodent and ***,carnivores are routinely surveyed as sentinels of local plague activity in some *** aim of this study is to assess the use of domestic dog(Canis familiaris)as sentinel animal for field surveillance of plague in a highly endemic area in ***-sectional surveys of plague antibody prevalence in *** were conducted in endemic areas with contrasting histories of plague cases in humans,as well as a plague free *** capture was done in parallel to evaluate evidence for *** circulation in the primary *** 2 sites,dogs were later re-sampled to examine evidence of seroconversion and antibody *** samplings were performed between March 2008 and February *** antibody detection was assessed using anti-F1 *** study showed a significant difference in dog prevalence rates between plague-endemic and plague-free areas,with no seropositive dogs detected in the plague free *** correlation was found between rodents and dog prevalence rates,with an absence of seropositive rodents in some area where plague circulation was indicated by seropositive *** is consistent with high mortality rates in rodents following ***-sampling dogs identified individuals seropositive on both occasions,indicating high rates of re-exposure and/or persistence of plague antibodies for at least 9 *** or seropositive juvenile dogs indicated recent local plague *** Madagascar,dog surveillance for plague antibody could be useful to identify plague circulation in new areas or quiescent areas within endemic *** active endemic areas,monitoring of dog populations for seroconversion(negative to positive)or seropositive juvenile dogs could be useful for identifying areas at great

关键词： Canis familiaris Madagascar rodent serology Yersinia pestis

Impact of Australia’s catastrophic 2019/20 bushfire season on communities and *** analysis and current trends

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 44-56页

作者： Alexander I.Filkov Tuan Ngo Stuart Matthews Simeon telfer Trent D.Penman School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Melbourne4 Water stCreswickVictoria 3363Australia Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering Melbourne School of EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia NSW Rural Fire Service Sydney Olympic ParkNSW 2127Australia Department of Environment and Water AdelaideSA 5000Australia

2019/20 Australia’s bushfire season(Black Summer fires)occurred during a period of record breaking tempera-tures and extremely low *** understand the impact of these climatic values we conducted a preliminary analysis of the 2019/20 bushfire season and compared it with the fire seasons between March 2000 and March 2020 in the states of New South Wales(NSW),Victoria,and South Australia(SA).Forest and fire management in Australia were asked to provide data on the number of fires,burned area,life and house loss,as well as weather *** March 2020 Black Summer fires burnt almost 19 million hectares,destroyed over 3,000 houses,and killed 33 *** showed that they were unprecedented in terms of impact on all areas.A number of mega-fires occurred in NSW resulting in more burned area than in any fire season during the last 20 *** of them was the largest recorded forest fire in Australian *** had a season with the highest number of fires,area burned,and second highest numbers of houses lost for the same *** had the highest number of houses lost in the last 20 *** Summer fires confirmed existing trends of impact categories during the last two decades for NSW and *** showed that the smoke from the bushfires may be a significant concern in the future for the global community,as it travels to other countries and *** on preliminary data,it will take many years to restore the economy and infrastructure in impacted areas,and to recover animal and vegetation biodiversity.

关键词： 2019/20 season Bushfires Impact Retrospective analysis

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SMART GLASSES

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第11期 25-26,53页

作者： John telfer 不详

What if you could work on your computer without using your hands?Smart glasses make that possible!Their lenses have a screen that can show information,such as texts and *** glasses can also be used as a *** can not only chat with friends,but you can also send *** talk,and the glasses write the message for *** can also use them to listen to music!Most smart glasses look like normal *** aren't huge and heavy.

关键词： glasses Smart email

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Bad Habits

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第12期 36-37,54,55,56页

作者： Rhonda.telfer 不详

Many people have bad *** people eat too much candy and other junk *** people *** people complain *** people say mean things behind people's *** they can't *** often stay up *** much screen time is a common bad habit,*** habits can cause health *** you have any bad habits?You can get help,and you can *** you can start some good habits.

关键词： Teenager smoke problems.

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Happy Thanksgiving!

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第11期 45-47,56页

作者： Rhonda.telfer 不详

Today is Thanksgiving Day in the *** share a big meal with family and *** delicious smell of roast turkey fills the ***,potatoes,sweet potatoes and green beans are on the table and ready to *** is cranberry sauce,*** ... 详细信息

关键词： giving pump Happy

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Snowflakes

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第12期 8-9,50页

作者： John telfer 不详

Take a walk outside in December and enjoy the cold *** northern places,you might see *** looks very pretty on ***'s fun to watch snowflakes fall from the *** one has six sides,but no two snowflakes are the *** one is ... 详细信息

关键词： melts outside beautiful

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PET FISH

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第9期 7-8,50页

作者： Rhonda.telfer 不详

Do you want some quiet,colorful pets?Try fish!Get a tank and add clean water to *** you have a home for fish!Goldfish are orange,red or *** are small and *** can be many *** fish have wide and beautiful *** can also a... 详细信息

关键词： tank orange Clean

HOW TO Do a Card Trick

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2023年第9期 8-9,50页

作者： John telfer 不详

Reproductive ecology of the black rat (Rattus rattus) in Madagascar: the influence of density-dependent and -independent effects

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 66-86页

作者： Kathryn SCOBIE Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Voahangy SOARIMALALA Fehivola Mandanirina ANDRIAMIARIMANANA Corinne RAHAINGOSOAMAMITIANA Toky RANDRIAMORIA Soloandry RAHAJANDRAIBE Xavier LAMBIN Minoarisoa RAJERISON Sandra.telfer School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar

The black rat(Rattus rattus)poses a severe threat to food security and public health in Madagascar,where it is a major cause of pre-and post-harvest crop losses and an important reservoir for many zoonotic diseases,including ***,ecologically based rodent management(EBRM)strategies have been developed using ecologi-cal information to inform decisions on where and when to target *** could deliver improved health and well-being outcomes in Madagascar if adapted to the local ecological *** data collected from removal studies,we explored spatio-temporal patterns in the breeding activity of the black rat(***)in domestic and agricultural habitats across Madagascar and investigated to what extent these trends are influenced by rainfall and rat *** identified clear spatio-temporal variation in the seasonality of *** *** was highly seasonal both inside and outside of houses,but seasonal trends varied between these two ***-sonal trends were explained,in part,by variation in rainfall;however,the effect of rainfall on reproductive rates did itself vary by season and habitat type.A decline in breeding intensity with increasing rat density was recorded outside of *** has important implications for control,as populations may compensate for removal through increased *** recommend that sustained control initiated before the main breeding season,combined with improved hygiene and adequate rodent-proofing in homes and grain stores,could curtail population growth and reduce pre-and post-harvest losses provided that these measures overcome the compensatory response of rodent populations.

关键词： Madagascar Rattus rattus reproductive ecology rodent control