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Function Modeling of the Infrared Organ of ＂Little Ash Beetle＂ Acanthocnemus Nigricans （Coleoptera, Acanthocnemidae）

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第4期13卷 650-658页

作者： Zupeng Zhou Yubing Gong Daoguo Yang Anke schmitz Helmut schmitz School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China Institute of Zoology University of Bonn Poppelsdorfer Schloss D-53115 Bonn Germany

Acanthocnemus nigricans is an inconspicuous pyrophilous beetle that approaches forest fires. The beetle is equipped with a pair of unique infrared （IR） receptors on its prothorax that allows it to detect hot surfaces in flight. The IR receptor consists of a little disc bearing about 90 tiny sensilla on its anterior half. The disc sensilla are unique in insects and their functions are largely unknown. Using a 3D reconstruction of the head and thorax we performed case studies to reveal different position-dependent expositions of the IR receptors to incoming radiation~ Results show that the spatiotemporal pattern in which different sectors of the disc are exposed provides the beetle with unambiguous information about its current direction to an IR source. As a striking structural element, the disc sensilla contain an electron-dense rod connecting an outer peg to the inner sensory cell. Finite element simulations suggest that the rod serves as a heat conductor directing heat to the thermosensitive cell inside the disc. Thus the disc sensilla can be interpreted as discrete temperature reading points. The resulting pattern of stimulated/deactivated sensilla, therefore, could provide the flying beetle with spatiotemporal information about its current position relative to an IR source. Possible biomimetic perspectives of the findings are discussed.

关键词： infrared receptor pyrophilous insects fire detection insect sensillum

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第3期13卷 555-556页

作者： Volker schmitz Department of General Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryCharite Campus VirchowBerlin 13353 Germany

I have read with interest the comment on our manuscript[1]on different outcomes following cava reconstruction in liver transplantation using either cava replacement or piggy-back *** its initial publication by Tsakis ... 详细信息

关键词： comment replacement probably anastomosis Surgery preservation Berlin superiority today veins

Receptance Coupling for Tool Point Dynamics Prediction on Machine Tools

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2011年第3期24卷 340-345页

作者： ZHANG Jun schmitz Tony ZHAO Wanhua LU Bingheng State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xi＇an 710049 China Department of Mechanical andAerospaee Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 United States

Chatter has been a primary obstacle to the successful implementation of high speed *** frequency response function（FRF） of the tool point is crucial for identification of chatter free cutting *** order to quickly acquire the FRF of the different components combinations of machine tool,the assembly of machine tool was always decomposed into several parts,where the fluted portion of tool,however,was always treated as a uniform beam,and the associated discrepancy was *** paper presents a new method to predict the dynamic response of the machine-spindle-holder-tool assembly using the receptance coupling substructure analysis technique,where the assembly is divided into three parts：machine-spindle,holder and tool shank,and tool＇s fluted *** testing is used to measure the receptance of machine-spindle,the Timoshenko beam model is employed to analyze the dynamics of holder and tool shank,and the finite element method（FEM） is used to calculate the receptance of the tool＇s fluted *** approximation of the fluted portion cross section using an equivalent diameter is also *** the individual receptances are coupled by using substructure *** predicted assembly receptance is experimentally verified for three different tool overhang *** results also show that the equivalent diameter beam model reaches an acceptable *** proposed approach is helpful to predict the tool point dynamics rapidly in industry.

关键词： receptance coupling dynamics endmill chatter

Long-term monitoring data reveal effects of age,population density,and environmental aspects on hatching success of Common Cranes(Grus grus)

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 347-355页

作者： Isabel Barwisch Wolfgang Mewes Angela.schmitz Ornes AG Vogelwarte Zoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldSoldmannstr.23GreifswaldGermany Grüner Weg 3 19395Plau Am SeeOT KarowGermany

Facing climate and land use change,a species’ability to successfully adapt to changing environments is crucial for its *** drainage and intensification of agriculture and forestry set wetlands and associated species at risk of population *** population of Common Cranes(Grus grus)has experienced considerable fluctuations over the last *** increasing population numbers,hatching success seemed to have decreased over the last *** aim of this study was to identify factors influencing hatching success and nest survival of Common Cranes based on analyses of long-term individual-based monitoring data from northeastern Germany and evaluate the species ability to adapt to changing *** success decreased over the course of the study period from 0.75 to ***,nest survival and hatching success did not vary across different nesting habitats,whereas factors such as female age,timing of nest initiation and breeding pair density were found to have significant effects on hatching *** females showed higher hatching success,even though the proportion of unhatched eggs was highest in females aged 20 years or *** nest initiation had a positive effect on hatching *** levels are more favorable early in the nesting season,whereas increasing evaporation with time causes water levels to decrease,granting easier access for *** of female age,hatching success decreased with increasing numbers of breeding pairs within a 2-km radius around a nesting *** population densities intensify competition for resources and promote intraspecific interactions,affecting reproductive outcome *** study gives first insights into mechanisms behind population regulation in Common Cranes,highlighting the importance of population dynamics and individual *** suggest to further investigate density dependent effects including landscape and habitat features as well as reproduct

关键词： Adaptation Age Cranes Grus grus Habitat Nest survival Population density Reproduction

New primitive ichthyosaurian (Reptilia,Diapsida) from the Middle Triassic of Panxian,Guizhou,southwestern China and its position in the Triassic biotic recovery

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第10期18卷 1315-1319页

作者： Ryosuke Motani Lars schmitz Olivier Rieppel Department of Geology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616-8605USA Department of Geology The Field MuseumChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

A new primitive ichthyopterygian Xinminosaurus catactes *** erected based on a complete skeleton from the Middle Triassic Upper Member of the Guanling Formation at Panxian,Guizhou,southwestern *** has a suite of uniquely derived char- acters in its dentition,ulna,carpals and *** is similar to primitive ichthyopterygians in retaining elongated limb *** new taxon and a diversity of marine reptiles in Panxian Fauna are the physical markers of the Middle Triassic Biotic *** stud- ies of this fauna will supply essential knowledge on the diversity,migration and paleobiogeographic affinity of Middle Triassic ichthyopterygians.

关键词： Ichthyosauria Ichthyopterygia Middle Triassic Panxian Guizhou

Nest site tenacity and mate fidelity in the Black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibundus)

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 664-670页

作者： Simon Piro Angela.schmitz Ornés Vogelwarte Zoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldSoldmannstr.23GreifswaldGermany

Breeding philopatry is well known in the Black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibundus).Using a capture-markrecapture method,we studied if Black-headed Gulls show nest site tenacity and mate fidelity as well,and investigated if there are differences between a stable,and a newly established and fast-growing colony,as well as for differences between the center and edges of these colonies located in north-eastern *** found a high level of nest site tenacity in the center of the stable colony on B?hmke Island,and lower degrees of nest site tenacity at the edge of the same colony and in the newly established and fast-growing colony on Riether *** fidelity was very strong in all individuals which returned to their previous breeding place,regardless of the nest site location.

关键词： Black-headed Gull Croicocephalus ridibundus Mate fidelity Nest site tenacity Philopatry

Signaling events during initiation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 250-261页

作者： Alexa M.schmitz Maria J.Harrison Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University

Under nutrient-limiting conditions, plants will enter into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi for the enhancement of mineral nutrient acquisition from the surrounding soil. AM fungi live in close, intracellular association with plant roots where they transfer phosphate and nitrogen to the plant in exchange for carbon. They are obligate fungi, relying on their host as their only carbon source. Much has been discovered in the last decade concerning the signaling events during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including the identification of signaling molecules generated by both partners. This signaling occurs through symbiosis-specific gene products in the host plant, which are indispensable for normal AM development. At the same time, plants have adapted complex mechanisms for avoiding infection by pathogenic fungi, including an innate immune response to general microbial molecules, such as chitin present in fungal cell walls. How it is that AM fungal colonization is maintained without eliciting a defensive response from the host is still uncertain. In this review, we present a summary of the molecular signals and their elicited responses during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including plant immune responses and their suppression.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi chitin chitooligosaccharide cutin LysM MAMP-triggered immunity Myc-LCO Nod factor strigolactones symbiosis

Specifications of Targeting Heterochromatin Modifications in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2018年第3期11卷 381-387页

作者： Jered M. Wendte Robert J. schmitz Department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Plants encode a diverse repertoire of DNA methyltransferases that have specialized to target cytosines for methylation in specific sequence contexts. These include the de novo methyltransferase, DOMAINS REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 （DRM2）, which methylates cytosines in all sequence contexts through an RNA-guided process, the CHROMOMETHYLASES （CMTs）, which methylate CHH and CHG cytosines （where H is A, T, or C）, and METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 （MET1）, which maintains methylation of symmetrical CG contexts. In this review, we discuss the sequence specificities and targeting of each of these pathways. In particular, we highlight recent studies that indicate CMTs preferentially target CWG or CWA/CAW motifs （where W is A or T）, and discuss how self-reinforcing feedback loops between DNA methyltransferases and histone modifications characteristic of heterochromatin specify targeting. Finally, the initiating events that lead to gene body methylation are discussed as a model illustrating how interde- pendent targeting of different silencing pathways can potentiate the establishment of off-target epialleles.

关键词： heterochromatin DNA methylation gene body methylation epiallele DNA methyltransferase,chromomethylase

Special Topic:Food Chemistry

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2018年第2期2卷 107-108页

作者： Oliver J.schmitz Applied Analytical Chemistry University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstr.545141 EssenGermany

The quality of food is of utmost importance to a society and harmful contaminants,e.g.,the Minamata disease is a chronic poisoning by organic mercury compounds that first appeared in the mid-1950s around the city of *... 详细信息

关键词： mercury poisoning thousand