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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期 75-85页

作者： G.Cristoforetti P.Koester S.Atzeni D.Batani S.Fujioka Y.Hironaka S.Hüller T.Idesaka K.Katagiri K.Kawasaki R.Kodama D.Mancelli Ph.Nicolai N.Ozaki a.schiavi K.Shigemori R.Takizawa T.Tamagawa D.Tanaka A.Tentori Y.Umeda A.Yogo L.A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory 2. Dipartimento SBAI Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza' 3. Université BordeauxCNRS CEA CELIA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRS IP ParisEcole Polytechnique Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University

Laser±plasma interaction and hot electrons have been characterized in detail in laser irradiation conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. The experiment was carried out at the Gekko XII laser facility in multibeam planar target geometry at an intensity of approximately 3 × 1015W/cm2. Experimental data suggest that high-energy electrons, with temperatures of 20-50 ke V and conversion efficiencies of η < 1%, were mainly produced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay(TPD). Stimulated Raman scattering(SRS) is observed in a near-threshold growth regime, producing a reflectivity of approximately 0.01%, and is well described by an analytical model accounting for the convective growth in independent speckles. The experiment reveals that both TPD and SRS are collectively driven by multiple beams, resulting in a more vigorous growth than that driven by single-beam laser intensity.

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Multibeam laser-plasma interaction at the Gekko XII laser facility in conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 70-80页

作者： G.Cristoforetti P.Koester S.Atzeni D.Batani S.Fujioka Y.Hironaka S.Hüller T.Idesaka K.Katagiri K.Kawasaki R.Kodama D.Mancelli Ph.Nicolai N.Ozaki a.schiavi K.Shigemori R.Takizawa T.Tamagawa D.Tanaka A.Tentori Y.Umeda A.Yogo L.A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRPisaItaly Dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma‘La Sapienza’RomaItaly UniversitéBordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalenceFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRSIP ParisEcole PolytechniquePalaiseauFrance Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research CentreRethymnonGreece Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto UniversitySennanOsakaJapan

Laser–plasma interaction and hot electrons have been characterized in detail in laser irradiation conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion.The experiment was carried out at the Gekko XII laser facility in multibeam planar target geometry at an intensity of approximately 3×10^(15)W/cm^(2).Experimental data suggest that high-energy electrons,with temperatures of 20–50 keV and conversion efficiencies ofη<1%,were mainly produced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay(TPD).Stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)is observed in a near-threshold growth regime,producing a reflectivity of approximately 0.01%,and is well described by an analytical model accounting for the convective growth in independent speckles.The experiment reveals that both TPD and SRS are collectively driven by multiple beams,resulting in a more vigorous growth than that driven by single-beam laser intensity.

关键词： inertial confinement fusion laser plasma interaction parametric instabilities

Observation and modelling of stimulated Raman scattering driven by an optically smoothed laser beam in experimental conditions relevant for shock ignition

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 160-178页

作者： G.Cristoforetti S.Hüller P.Koester L.Antonelli S.Atzeni F.Baffigi D.Batani C.Baird N.Booth M.Galimberti K.Glize A.Héron M.Khan P.Loiseau D.Mancelli M.Notley P.Oliveira O.Renner M.Smid a.schiavi G.Tran N.C.Woolsey L.A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRINO-CNR56124 PisaItaly Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRSIP ParisEcole Polytechnique91128 PalaiseauFrance York Plasma Institute Department of PhysicsUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma'La Sapienza'00161 RomaItaly Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIA33405 TalenceFrance STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab Central Laser FacilityDidcot SN21SZUK Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MOE) Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China CEA DAMDIF91297 ArpajonFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyeres-le-ChatelFrance Institute of Physics ELI BeamlinesInstitute of Plasma PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences18221 PragueCzech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany

We report results and modelling of an experiment performed at the Target Area West Vulcan laser facility,aimed at investigating laser±plasma interaction in conditions that are of interest for the shock ignition scheme in inertial confinement fusion(ICF),that is,laser intensity higher than 10^(16) W/cm^(2) impinging on a hot(T>1 keV),inhomogeneous and long scalelength pre-formed plasma.Measurements show a significant stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)backscattering(;%-20%of laser energy)driven at low plasma densities and no signatures of two-plasmon decay(TPD)/SRS driven at the quarter critical density region.Results are satisfactorily reproduced by an analytical model accounting for the convective SRS growth in independent laser speckles,in conditions where the reflectivity is dominated by the contribution from the most intense speckles,where SRS becomes saturated.Analytical and kinetic simulations well reproduce the onset of SRS at low plasma densities in a regime strongly affected by non-linear Landau damping and by filamentation of the most intense laser speckles.The absence of TPD/SRS at higher densities is explained by pump depletion and plasma smoothing driven by filamentation.The prevalence of laser coupling in the low-density profile justifies the low temperature measured for hot electrons(7-12 keV),which is well reproduced by numerical simulations.

关键词： plasma simulations shock ignition stimulated Raman scattering inertial confinement fusion laser-plasma interaction

Aqueous electrochemical delithiation of cathode materials as a strategy to selectively recover lithium from waste lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 144-153,I0004页

作者： Pier Giorgio schiavi Andrea Giacomo Marrani Olga Russina Ludovica D’Annibale Francesco Amato Francesca Pagnanelli Pietro Altimari Department of Chemistry Sapienza University of RomePiazzale Aldo Moro n.500185 RomeItaly

Lithium recovery from end-of-life Li-ion batteries(LIBs)through pyro-and hydrometallurgical recycling processes involves several refining stages,with high consumption of reagents and energy.A competitive technological alternative is the electrochemical oxidation of the cathode materials,whereby lithium can be deintercalated and transferred to an electrolyte solution without the aid of chemical extracting compounds.This article investigates the potential to selectively recover Li from LIB cathode materials by direct electrochemical extraction in aqueous solutions.The process allowed to recovering up to 98%of Li from high-purity commercial cathode materials(LiMn_(2)O_(4),LiCoO_(2),and Li Ni_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Co_(1/3)O_(2))with a faradaic efficiency of 98%and negligible co-extraction of Co,Ni,and Mn.The process was then applied to recover Li from the real waste LIBs black mass obtained by the physical treatment of electric vehicle battery packs.This black mass contained graphite,conductive carbon,and metal impurities from current collectors and steel cases,which significantly influenced the evolution and performances of Li electrochemical extraction.Particularly,due to concomitant oxidation of impurities,lithium extraction yields and faradaic efficiencies were lower than those obtained with high-purity cathode materials.Copper oxidation was found to occur within the voltage range investigated,but it could not quantitatively explain the reduced Li extraction performances.In fact,a detailed investigation revealed that above 1.3 V vs.Ag/Ag Cl,conductive carbon can be oxidized,contributing to the decreased Li extraction.Based on the reported experimental results,guidelines were provided that quantitatively enable the extraction of Li from the black mass,while preventing the simultaneous oxidation of impurities and,consequently,reducing the energy consumption of the proposed Li recovery method.

关键词： Lithium recovery Lithium-ion batteries recycling Electrochemical lithium extraction Lithium selective Extraction

Full recycling of spent lithium ion batteries with production of core-shell nanowires//exfoliated graphite asymmetric supercapacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第7期30卷 336-344页

作者： Pier Giorgio schiavi Pietro Altimari Robertino Zanoni Francesca Pagnanelli Department of Chemistry Sapienza University of RomePiazzale Aldo Moro n.500185 RomeItaly

A novel process is reported which produces an asymmetric supercapacitor through the complete recycling of end-of-life lithium ion batteries.The electrodic powder recovered by industrial scale mechanical treatment of spent batteries was leached and the dissolved metals were precipitated as mixed metals carbonates.Nanowires battery-type positive electrodes were produced by electrodeposition into nanoporous alumina templates from the electrolytic baths prepared by dissolution of the precipitated carbonates.The impact of the different metals contained in the electrodic powder was evaluated by benchmarking the electrochemical performances of the recovered nanowires-based electrodes against electrodes produced by using high-purity salts.Presence of inactive Cu in the nanowires lowered the final capacitance of the electrodes while Ni showed a synergistic effect with cobalt providing a higher capacitance with respect to synthetic Co electrodes.The carbonaceous solid recovered after leaching was indepth characterized and tested as negative electrode.Both the chemical and electrochemical characterization indicate that the recovered graphite is characterized by the presence of oxygen functionalities introduced by the leaching treatment.This has led to the obtainment of a recovered graphite characterized by an XPS C/O ratio,Raman spectrum and morphology close to literature reports for reduced graphene oxide.The asymmetric supercapacitor assembled using the recovered nanowires-based positive electrodes and graphite as negative electrodes has shown a specific capacitance of 42 F g^(-1), computed including the whole weight of the positive electrode and recovered graphite,providing a maximum energy density of ~9 Wh kg^(-1) and a power density of 416 W kg^(-1) at 2.5 mA cm^(-2).

关键词： Lithium ion battery recyling Core-shell nanowires Supercapacitors Closed-loop recycling process

Genetic variation in eggplant for Nitrogen Use Efficiency under contrasting NO3^- supply

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 487-508页

作者： Antonio Mauceri Laura Bassolino Antonio Lupini Franz Badeck Fulvia Rizza Massimo schiavi Laura Toppino Maria Rosa Abenavoli Giuseppe L.Rotino Francesco Sunseri Dipartimento Agraria University degli Studi M editerranea di Reggio CalabriaI-89124Reggio CalabriaItaly CREA Centro di ricerca Genomica e Bioinformatica I-26836Montanaso LombardoItaly CREA Centro d i「icerca Genomicae Bioinformatica I-29017Fiorenzuolad’ArdaItaly

Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.) yield is highly sensitive to N fertilization, the excessive use of which is responsible for environmental and human health damage.Lowering N input together with the selection of improved Nitrogen-Use-Efficiency(NUE) genotypes, more able to uptake, utilize, and remobilize N available in soils, can be challenging to maintain high crop yields in a sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to explore the natural variation among eggplant accessions from different origins, in response to Low(LN) and High(HN)Nitrate(NO3^-) supply, to identify NUE-contrasting genotypes and their NUE-related traits, in hydroponic and greenhouse pot experiments. Two eggplants, AM222 and AM22, were identified as N-use efficient and inefficient,respectively, in hydroponic, and these results were confirmed in a pot experiment, when crop yield was also evaluated. Overall, our results indicated the key role of Nutilization component(NUt E) to confer high NUE. The remobilization of N from leaves to fruits may be a strategy to enhance NUt E, suggesting glutamate synthase as a key enzyme. Further, omics technologies will be used for focusing on C-N metabolism interacting networks. The availability of RILs from two other selected NUE-contrasting genotypes will allow us to detect major genes/quantitative trait loci related to NUE.

关键词： fir Efficiency utilize

Genetic Factors and Psoriatic Arthritis

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2019年第3期9卷 111-120页

作者： Monica Greco Simone Negrini Chiara.schiavi Francesca Giusti Matteo Borro Francesco Puppo Giuseppe Murdaca Clinical Immunology Unit Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa Italy

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex immune-mediated disease and its pathogenesis depends both on genetic factors and environment. PsA patients may present a wide range of clinical manifestations including skin and nail abnormalities. Indeed, articular involvement is variable too. Disease development relies on a heterogeneous net made of multiple cytokines pathways which are regulated by several factors including human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression, miRNAs, microbiome. Among genetic polymorphisms which can lead to abnormal cytokine expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) polymorphisms have been studied. Thus, leading to the development of new therapeutic agents. Finally, further studies on genetic factors and epigenetics will give new insights into this complex disorder. The aim of this mini-review is to provide the reader with a summary of the fundamental and most innovative aspects of genetic and epigenetic factors involved in the PsA, thus including human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) polymorphisms, micro RNAs and microbiome.

关键词： Psoriatic Arthritis Psoriasis HLA Associations Genetic Heterogeneity Phenotypic Heterogeneity Epigenetics Micro RNA Microbiome TNF Polymorphisms

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意大利蔬菜生产简况

中国蔬菜 2006年第2期 37-38页

作者：王怀松陈钰辉 Giuseppe Rotino schiavi Massimo 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 IstitutoSperimentaleperL’orticultu-ra StazionediMontanasoLombardo(LO)Italia IstitutoSperimentaleperL’orticultu-ra

意大利位于亚平宁半岛,国土面积为30 127.8 hm2,山地和丘陵占80 %,农业可耕地面积约占10 %.意大利依行政划分为20个大区,人口约7 880万.意大利是欧洲地区主要蔬菜生产国,在欧盟蔬菜生产中占28 %,每年向其他国家出口大量鲜菜与加工产品,... 详细信息

意大利位于亚平宁半岛,国土面积为30 127.8 hm2,山地和丘陵占80 %,农业可耕地面积约占10 %.意大利依行政划分为20个大区,人口约7 880万.意大利是欧洲地区主要蔬菜生产国,在欧盟蔬菜生产中占28 %,每年向其他国家出口大量鲜菜与加工产品,尤其加工番茄,是意大利农业出口的重要产品之一.蔬菜生产在意大利农业生产中占有很大比重,蔬菜栽培面积约占全国耕地面积的2.5 %,菜农70万户,占全国农户的23 %.蔬菜收入占全国农业收入的15.5 %(2004年).

关键词：意大利生产简况蔬菜国土面积耕地面积丘陵山地

Does Making Method of Alginate Hydrogel Influence the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells?

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Engineering（科研） 2012年第10期4卷 110-113页

作者： Jessica.schiavi Naceur Charif Natalia de Isla Daniele Bensoussan Jean-Francois Stoltz Nadia Benkirane-Jessel Celine Huselstein INSERM-UMR Faculty of medicineStrasbourg UniversityStrasbourgFrance Universitede Lorraine CNRS-UMR–Campus Sante–BiopoleFaculty of medicineLorraine UniversityVandouvre-les-NancyFrance

To overcome cartilage injury, strategies have been developed in the last few years based on tissue engineering to rebuild the defects. Cartilage engineering is principally based on three main biological factors: cells (native cells (chondrocytes) or a more primitive ones as mesenchymal stem cells), scaffolds and functionalization factors (growth factors, mechanical stimulation and/or hypoxia). Cartilage tissue engineering strategies generally result in homogeneous tissue structures with little resemblance to native zonal organization of articular cartilage. The main objective of our work concerns the buildup of complex biomaterials aimed at reconstructing biological tissue with three dimensional cells construction for mimicking cartilage architecture. Our strategy is based on structures formation by simple and progressive spraying of mixed alginate hydrogel and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). In this work, the comportment of cells and more precisely their chondrogenic differentiation potential is compared to a traditional making process: the mold. We report here that spraying method allowed to product a scaffold with hMSC that confer a favorable environment for neocartilage construction.

关键词： Component: Cartilage Tissue Engineering Sodium Alginate Sprayed method Molded Method

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中国甜瓜在意大利的试种栽培

中国瓜菜 2006年第2期19卷 18-19页

作者：王怀松 schiavi Massimo Giuseppe Rotino 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所北京100081 Istituto Sperimentale per L'orticultura Stazione di Montanaso LombardoItalia Istituto Sperimentale per L’orticultura Stazione di Montanaso LombardoItalia

介绍了意大利的甜瓜栽培方式,并对中国甜瓜品种与意大利甜瓜品种的综合性状进行了比较,试种结果表明,中蜜1号等7个中国甜瓜品种适应意大利的甜瓜栽培方式,在意大利表现出良好的性状。

关键词：中国甜瓜意大利栽培