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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.schafer Sudena Wang Michael J.schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Pollination interactions reveal direct costs and indirect benefits of plant-plant facilitation for ecosystem engineers

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 107-113页

作者： Gianalberto Losapio Christian schöb Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Aims Ecosystem engineers substantially modify the environment via their impact on abiotic conditions and the biota,resulting in facilitation of associated species that would not otherwise ***,reciprocal effects are poorly understood as studies of plant–plant interactions usually estimate only benefits for associated species,while how another trophic level may mediate direct and indirect feedback effects for ecosystem engineers is hardly *** We ran a field experiment with two ecosystem engineers(Arenaria tetraquetra and Hormathophylla spinosa)blooming either alone or with associated plants to decompose net effects and to test the hypothesis that pollinator-mediated interactions provide benefits that balance costs of facilitation by ecosystem *** Findings We found that net costs of facilitation are accompanied by pollinator-mediated *** ecosystem engineers producing fewer flowers per plant,they were visited by more and more diverse pollinators per flower when blooming with associated plants than when blooming *** seed production per plant was higher when ecosystem engineers bloomed alone,fruit set and seed set varied between *** one case(***),fruit and seed sets were negatively affected by the presence of associated plants,whereas,in another case(***),fruit set and seed set were higher and unaffected when ecosystem engineers bloomed with associated plants,*** findings suggest that besides experiencing direct costs,ecosystem engineers can also benefit from facilitating other species via increasing their own visibility to ***,we highlight that pollination interactions can compensate for costs of facilitation depending on ecosystem engineer *** study illuminates how the outcome of direct plant–plant interactions might be mediated by indirect interactions including third players.

关键词： biodiversity commensalism ecosystem engineering mutualism niche construction three-way interactions

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The Martin moving grate technology

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第3期5卷 283-293页

作者： Ralf Koralewska Ulrich Martin Max schönsteiner MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt-und Energietechnik Leopoldstrasse 24680807MunichGermany

The thermal treatment of waste using grate-based systems has gained global acceptance as the preferred method for sustainable management of residual *** is because the energy content of the waste is utilized and quality products and residues are *** Waste-to-Energy(WtE)plants are extremely *** knowledge of“fuel”waste and its effects on the design and operation of WtE plants is crucial for the successful planning and operation of these *** respond to new challenges and/or priorities,developing and implementing innovative technologies is *** long-term global partnerships and innovative grate and combustion technologies,Martin guarantees that in future,residual waste will be treated following ecological and economic constraints and in compliance with international legal requirements.

关键词： Waste-to-Energy Combustion Grate technologies Heating value Developing countries

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Ecological intensification of agriculture through biodiversity management:introduction

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第6期16卷 1-4页

作者： Bernhard schmid Christian schöb Department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Calle Tulipán s/n28933 MóstolesSpain

A major feature of humans is that they can attain much higher population densities than any non-domestic animal species of similar body size(Damuth 1987).This is most likely due to the invention of agriculture(Herrera and Garcia-Bertrand 2018),which allowed humans to manage ecosystems in such a way that as much biomass as possible is converted into food(Vitousek et al.1986).

关键词： Ecological likely agriculture

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Park size and prey density limit occurrence of Eurasian Sparrowhawks in urban parks during winter

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Avian Research 2018年第3期9卷 206-213页

作者： Claudia schütz Christian H.schulze Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of ViennaRennweg 141030 ViennaAustria

Background: Eurasian Sparrowhawks(Accipiter nisus) increasingly represent successful city-dwellers. Thereby, a rich food supply indicated by high numbers of small birds is believed to be the key driver for this bird-eating raptor species to settle in urban environments. However, as small passerine birds show particularly strong antipredator responses, sparrowhawks may not simply focus on patches of highest prey densities, but rather respond strategically to prey behavior, raising the importance of other parameters in determining the occurrence within urban ***: To deepen our knowledge on habitat requirements of urban sparrowhawks, bird surveys were carried out during winter between December 2005 and January 2017 in 36 city parks in Vienna, Austria. Besides food supply also park size, canopy heterogeneity and the connectivity with other green spaces were ***: Occurrence of sparrowhawks was positively affected by increasing park size, prey density and the interaction between both. Bird feeder density and park connectivity with other green spaces were of minor importance in explaining the presence of this species. Canopy heterogeneity didn't affect city park occupancy by Eurasian ***: Our results suggest that large city parks, particularly when characterized by high prey densities, substantially contribute to protect and preserve ecologically important bird species such as raptors within the urban environment—a landscape already struggling with biodiversity losses and functional homogenization.

关键词： Birds of prey Bird feeders Prey abundance Habitat connectivity Tree cover Urban ecology

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Embolic stroke of undetermined source:identification of patient subgroups for oral anticoagulation treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1005-1006页

作者： Isabell Greeve Wolf-Rüdiger schäbitz Department of Neurology Evangelisches Klinikum BethelUniversity of BielefeldCampus BethelBielefeldGermany

Background:Embolic stroke of undetermined source(ESUS),a subtype of cryptogenic stroke,was defined as acute ischemic stroke displaying an embolic or non-lacunar brain infarct pattern on imaging without significant extra or intracranial ipsilateral vessel stenosis or without an identifiable cardioembolic source such as atrial fibrillation(AF)or left ventricular thrombi(Hart et al.,2014).

关键词： al. acute stenosis

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Stroke recovery enhancing therapies:lessons from recent clinical trials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 717-720页

作者： Andreas Rogalewski Wolf-Rüdiger schäbitz Department of Neurology Bethel-EVKBUniversity of BielefeldBielefeldGermany

Poststroke recovery processes include restoration or compensation of function,respectively functions initially lost or new functions acquired after an *** interventions can enhance these processes and/or reduce processes impeding *** experimental studies suggest great opportunities for such treatments,but the results from recent large clinical trials using neuromodulators such as dopamine and fluoxetine are *** reasons for this are manifold affecting forward translation of results from animals models into the human ***"translational road block"is defined by differences between animals and humans with regard to the genetic and epigenetic background,size and anatomy of the brain,cerebral vascular anatomy,immune system,as well as clinical function and *** blockade includes the incompatible adaption of targets and outcomes in clinical trials with regard to prior preclinical *** example,the design of clinical recovery trials varies widely and was characterized by the selection of different clinical endpoints,the inclusion a broad spectrum of stroke subtypes and clinical syndromes as well as different time windows for treatment initiation after infarct *** review will discuss these aspects based on the results of the recent stroke recovery trials with the goal to contribute to the currently biggest unmet need in stroke research-the development of a recovery enhancing therapy that improves the functional outcome of a chronic stroke patient.

关键词： amphetamine brain chronic stroke clinical trial dopamine fluoxetine recovery regeneration serotonin reuptake inhibitor translation

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Counting and measuring particles sized from soot to pollen

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China Particuology 2007年第5期5卷 359-361页

作者： Martin schmidt Sven schütz Leander Mlter Palas GmbH Greschbachstr. 3b76229 KarlsruheGermany

For number concentration measurements of superfine particles a condensation nucleus counter （CNC） is frequently used. The combination of a new CNC module with a white light aerosol spectrometer and a passive collector makes possible accurate time-resolved determination of particle number within the overall size range of 10 nm to 40 μm and at concentrations up to 10^5 particles/cm^3. With the aerosol spectrometer a high time-resolved particle size determination is also possible in the size range of 0.3-40 μm up to the same high number concentrations of 10^5 particles/cm^3.

关键词： CNC Particles Size

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Tree sapling vitality and recovery following the unprecedented 2018 drought in central Europe

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第5期10卷 597-606页

作者： Mirela Beloiu schwenke Valeska schönlau Carl Beierkuhnlein Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Biogeography University of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447BayreuthGermany GIB Geographical Institute Bayreuth University of Bayreuth95447BayreuthGermany BayCEER Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research University of Bayreuth95448BayreuthGermany

Background:Ongoing climate change is anticipated to increase the frequency and intensity of drought events,thereby affecting forest recovery dynamics and elevating tree *** drought of 2018,with its exceptional intensity and duration,had a significant adverse impact on tree species throughout Central ***,our understanding of the resistance to and recovery of young trees from drought stress remains ***,we examined the recovery patterns of native deciduous tree sapling species following the 2018 drought,and explored the impact of soil depth,understory vegetation,and litter cover on this ***:A total of 1,149 saplings of seven deciduous tree species were monitored in the understory of old-growth forests in Northern Bavaria,Central *** vitality of the saplings was recorded from 2018 to 2021 on 170 ***:Fagus sylvatica was the most drought-resistant species,followed by Betula pendula,Acer pseudoplatanus,Quercus spp.,Corylus avellana,Carpinus betulus,and Sorbus *** the drought conditions persisted one year later,all species recovered significantly from the 2018 drought,albeit with a slight decrease in vitality by *** 2018,the drought exhibited a more pronounced adverse effect on saplings in deciduous forests compared to mixed and coniferous ***,sapling recovery in coniferous and mixed forests exceeded that observed in deciduous forests in *** pivotal factors influencing sapling resilience to drought were forest types,soil depth,and understory vegetation,whereas litter and forest canopy cover had a negative ***:Long-term responses of tree species to drought can be best discerned through continuous health *** findings demonstrate the natural regeneration potential of deciduous species in the context of climate *** tree species planting,soil management practices,and promoting understory diversity should be considered when implementing adapt

关键词： Drought stress Temperate forest Deciduous trees Climate change Extreme events Soil depth

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A conserved arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal core-species community colonizes potato roots in the Andes

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第2期77卷 317-333页

作者： Carolina Senés-Guerrero Arthur schüßler Department of Biology GeneticsLudwig-Maximilians UniversityGrosshaderner Str.482152 PlaneggMartinsriedGermany

Plant-symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are of high global ecological and economic importance,but describing environmental communities of AMF at the species level remains a challenge,despite the need to understand AMF-plant preferences and to apply AMF in sustainable ***,the potato-associated AMF species community composition was assessed for three Andean countries along an altitudinal gradient and at different plant stages,by using 454 GS-FLX+sequencing of a 760 bp LSU rRNA gene PCR *** methods were compared:defining OTUs based on a simple sequence similarity threshold,or affiliating reference sequences to species based on a high throughput phylogenetic annotation approach using an evolutionary placement algorithm(EPA).The EPA-based approach was not only more precise,but also fundamental to robustly unveil the AMF species community *** principal advantage of this approach was also demonstrated by using artificially constructed datasets based on validated public database *** affiliation of sequence reads to species using phylogenetic annotation revealed a surprisingly conserved AMF core-species community structure in Andean potatoes,regardless of different plant stages and environmental *** total,41 species were detected and in some cases more than 25 species were found colonizing an individual root *** species were identified as dominant colonizers,co-occurring with Cetraspora nodosa and certain Claroideoglomus and Rhizophagus species in most potato root samples.

关键词： 454 pyrosequencing Andean ecosystems Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species communities DNA based species identification Evolutionary placement algorithm Solanum tuberosum(potato)

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