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Electrical discharge machining of 6061 aluminium alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第9期25卷 2866-2874页

作者： a.pramanik A.K.BASAK M.N.ISLAM G.LITTLEFAIR Department of Mechanical Engineering Curtin University Adelaide Microscopy the University of Adelaide School of Engineering Deakin University

The wire electrical discharge machining（EDM） of 6061 aluminium alloy in terms of material removal rate,kerf/slit width,surface finish and wear of electrode wire for different pulse on time and wire tension was *** experiments were carried out in a wire EDM machine by varying pulse on time and wire *** is found that the material removal rate increases with the increase of pulse on time though the wire tension does not affect the material removal *** seems that the higher wire tension facilitates steady machining process,which generates low wear in wire electrode and better surface *** surface roughness does not change notably with the variation of pulse on *** appearance of the machined surfaces is very similar under all the machining *** machined surface contains solidified molten material,splash of materials and *** increase of the pulse on time increases the wear of wire electrode due to the increase of heat *** wear of wire electrode generates tapered slot which has higher kerf width at top side than that at bottom *** higher electrode wear introduces higher taper.

关键词： wire electrical discharge machining(EDM) 6061 aluminium alloy material removal rate kerf width surface finish

Tree of Fermat-pramanik Series and Solution of A^M +B² =C² with Integers Produces a New Series of (C₁²- B₁²)=(C₂²- B₂²)=(C₃²- B₃²)=Others

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第3期14卷 160-166页

作者： Panchanan pramanik Susmita.pramanik Sabyasachi Sen Department of Instrument Engineering and Electronics JADAVPUR University Salt Lake Campus Kolkata India Department of Microelectronics & VLSI Technology Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology West Bengal Haringhata India

The Fermat–pramanik series are like below: .The mathematical principle has been established by factorization principle. The Fermat-pramanik tree can be grown. It produces branched Fermat-pramanik series using same principle making Fermat-pramanik chain. Branched chain can be propagated at any point of the main chain with indefinite length using factorization principle as follows: Same principle is applicable for integer solutions of AM+B2=C2which produces series of the type . It has been shown that this equation is solvable with N{A, B, C, M}. where , , M=M1+M2 and M1>M2. Subsequently, it has been shown that using M= M1+M2+M3+... The combinations of Ms should be taken so that the values of both the parts (Cn+Bn) and (Cn-Bn) should be even or odd for obtaining Z{B,C}. Hence, it has been shown that the Fermat triple can generate a) Fermat-pramanik multiplate, b) Fermat-pramanik Branched multiplate and c) Fermat-pramanik deductive series. All these formalisms are useful for development of new principle of cryptography. .

关键词： Fermat Theorem Fermat-pramanik Tree Solution of AM +B2 =C2 Deductive Series Generation of Fermat’s Triode Generation of Fermat Series

Constructing a biofunctionalized 3D-printed gelatin/sodium alginate/chitosan tri-polymer complex scaffold with improvised biological andmechanical properties for bone-tissue engineering

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 57-73页

作者： Amit Kumar Singh Krishna.pramanik Amit Biswas Centre of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Department of Biotechnology and Medical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India

Sodium alginate(SA)/chitosan(CH)polyelectrolyte scaffold is a suitable substrate for tissue-engineering *** present study deals with further improvement in the tensile strength and biological properties of this type of scaffold to make it a potential template for bone-tissue *** experimented with adding 0%–15%(volume fraction)gelatin(GE),a protein-based biopolymer known to promote cell adhesion,proliferation,and *** resulting tri-polymer complex was used as bioink to fabricate SA/CH/GEmatrices by three-dimensional(3D)*** studies using scanning electron microscopy revealed the microfibrous porous architecture of all the structures,which had a pore size range of 383–419μm.X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the amorphous nature of the scaffold and the strong electrostatic interactions among the functional groups of the polymers,thereby forming polyelectrolyte complexes which were found to improve mechanical properties and structural *** scaffolds exhibited a desirable degradation rate,controlled swelling,and hydrophilic characteristics which are favorable for bone-tissue *** tensile strength improved from(386±15)to(693±15)kPa due to the increased stiffness of SA/CH scaffolds upon addition of *** enhanced protein adsorption and in vitro bioactivity(forming an apatite layer)confirmed the ability of the SA/CH/GE scaffold to offer higher cellular adhesion and a bone-like environment to cells during the process of tissue *** vitro biological evaluation including the MTT assay,confocal microscopy analysis,and alizarin red S assay showed a significant increase in cell attachment,cell viability,and cell proliferation,which further improved biomineralization over the scaffold *** addition,SA/CH containing 15%gelatin designated as SA/CH/GE15 showed superior performance to the other fabricated 3D structures,demonstrating its pote

关键词： Scaffold Biomaterial Sodium alginate Chitosan Gelatin 3D printing Tissue engineering

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents:Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 80-99页

作者： Subhodip pramanik Sunetra Mondal Rajan Palui Sayantan Ray Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multi-specialty hospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Over the past 20 years,the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in children and adolescents have increased,particularly in racial and ethnic *** the rise in T2DM in children and adolescents,the pathophysiology and progression of disease in this population are not clearly ***-onset T2DM has a more adverse clinical course than is seen in those who develop T2DM in adulthood or those with ***,the available therapeutic options are more limited for children and adolescents with T2DM compared to adult patients,mostly due to the challenges of implementing clinical trials.A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and aggressive disease phenotype of T2DM in youth is important to finding effective prevention and management *** review highlights the key evidence about T2DM in children and adolescents and its current burden and challenges both in clinical care and research activities.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Children and adolescents Pathophysiology Heterogeneity Complications Treatment options Barriers

Clinical profile and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 43-44页

作者： Rupak Chatterjee Alisha Acharya Subhoroop Ghosh Shatavisa Mukherjee Tapashi Ghosh Nandini Chatterjee Netai pramanik Department of Tropical Medicine School of Tropical MedicineKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Microbiology School of Tropical MedicineKolkataWest BengalIndia Eastern Regional Centre National One Health Program for Prevention and Control of ZoonosesSchool of Tropical Medicine KolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Clinical&Experimental Pharmacology School of Tropical MedicineKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Medicine IPGMER-SSKM HospitalKolkataWest BengalIndia

Strongyloides(S.)stercoralis,endemic in tropical and subtropical countries,is a soil-transmitted geohelminth human parasite belonging to a group of nematodes called *** is one of the most overlooked parasitic infections enlisted among the WHO"neglected tropical diseases"[1].*** mainly infects humans but can also be found naturally in domestic dogs,cats,and some primates.

关键词： tropical subtropical listed

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and heart disease:Current perspectives

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 240-259页

作者： Sunetra Mondal Subhodip pramanik Vibhu Ranjan Khare Cornelius James Fernandez Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology NRS Medical CollegeKolkata 700020West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multispecialty HospitalsSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i)are antidiabetic medications with remarkable cardiovascular(CV)benefits proven by multiple randomised controlled trials and real-world *** drugs are also useful in the prevention of CV disease(CVD)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Although DM as such is a huge risk factor for CVD,the CV benefits of SGLT-2i are not just because of antidiabetic *** molecules have proven beneficial roles in prevention and management of nondiabetic CVD and renal disease as *** are various molecular mechanisms for the organ protective effects of SGLT-2i which are still being *** understanding of the role of SGLT-2i in prevention and management of CVD is important not only for the cardiologists but also for other specialists caring for various illnesses which can directly or indirectly impact care of heart *** clinical review compiles the current evidence on the rational use of SGLT-2i in clinical practice.

关键词： SGLT2 inhibitors SGLT2i Cardiovascular disease Heart failure Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Diabetic kidney disease

A perspective review on the biosynthesis of plant-based secondary metabolites and their application as potent drugs

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 541-557页

作者： JHILAM pramanik AKASH KUMAR SARVESH RUSTAGI MEHAK KATYAL SHEETAL THAKUR JUTISHNA BORA SUMIRA MALIK ANCHAL TREHAN NAYAN TALUKDAR PETR SLAMA Department of Food Technology ITM UniversityGwaliorIndia Department of Food Technology SRM UniversitySonipatIndia Department of Food Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Manav Rachna International Institute of Research&Studies(MRIIRS)FaridabadIndia University Centre for Research and Development UIBTChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia Amity institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityJharkhandRanchiIndia Department of Biotechnology University Center for Research&Development(UCRD)Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia Department of Science Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDehradunIndia Program of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceAssam down town UniversityGuwahatiIndia Department of Animal Morphology Physiology and GeneticsMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic

Many phytochemicals and their derived metabolites produced by plants are extensively employed in commercial goods,pharmaceutical products as well as in the environmental and medicalﬁ***,these secondary metabolites obtained from plants are in low amounts,and it is difﬁcult to synthesize them at the industrial *** these challenges,they may be utilized for a variety of medicinal products that are either available in the market or are being researched and *** metabolites are complex compounds that exhibit ***,under controlled conditions with elicitors,desired secondary metabolites may be produced from plant cell *** review emphasizes the various aspects of secondary metabolites including their types,synthesis,and applications as medicinal *** article aims to promote the use of plant secondary metabolites in the management and treatment of various diseases.

关键词： Secondary metabolites Medicinal plant Synthesis Health benefits

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes:Emerging evidence of benefit of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists and incretin-based therapies

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 38-50页

作者： Subhodip pramanik Partha Pal Sayantan Ray Department of Endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multispecialty HospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of Medical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India Department of Endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a global epidemic,affecting more than half of the people living with type 2 diabetes(T2D).The relationship between NAFLD and T2D is bidirectional and the presence of one perpetuates the other,which significantly increases the hepatic as well as extrahepatic *** recently,there was no approved pharmacological treatment for NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitits(NASH).However,there is evidence that drugs used for diabetes may have beneficial effects on *** sensitizers acting through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)modulation act on multiple levels of NAFLD ***(PPARγ agonist)and saroglitazar(PPARα/γagonist)are particularly beneficial and recommended by several authoritative bodies for treating NAFLD in T2D,although data on biopsyproven NASH are lacking with the *** data on elafibanor(PPARα/δ agonist)and Lanifibranor(pan PPAR agonist)are *** the other hand,incretin therapies based on glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and dual-and triple-hormone receptor co-agonists reported impressive weight loss and may have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic ***-1 RAs have shown beneficial effects on NAFLD/NASH and more studies on potential direct effects on liver function by dual-and triple-agonists are ***,the long-term safety of these therapies in NAFLD needs to be *** efforts among healthcare providers such as primary care doctors,hepatologists,and endocrinologists are warranted for selecting patients for the best possible management of NAFLD in T2D.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes Evidence PPAR agonists Incretin-based therapies

MULTIMOORA strategy for solving multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) in trapezoidal neutrosophic number environment

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2020年第3期5卷 150-156页

作者： Surapati pramanik Rama Mallick Mathematics Nandalal Ghosh B.T.CollegeKolkataWest BengalIndia Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrahWest BengalIndia Mathematics Umeschandra CollegeSurya Sen StreetKolkata-700012West BengalIndia

The main purpose of this study is to bring in a new extension of multi-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis plus full multiplicative form(MULTIMOORA)in trapezoidal neutrosophic number(TrNN)*** strategy provides high efficiency and effectiveness in *** new MULTIMOORA strategy consists of three *** components are ratio system approach,reference point approach,and full multiplicative *** develop the proposed strategy,the authors find out three ranking order of alternatives using the three *** final ranking order of the alternatives is based on dominance *** study is original as it first develops the MULTIMOORA strategy in the TrNN environment,which they call *** solve a realistic banking problem involving multi-attribute group decision making in the TrNN environment to reflect the applicability and proficiency of the developed *** also present a comparison between the proposed strategy and the existing tomada de decisao interativa e multicritévio and VlseKriterijumska Optimizcija I Kaompromisno Resenje strategies.

关键词： number decision MULTIMOORA