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Hydration lubrication

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Friction 2013年第1期1卷 1-23页

作者： Jacob klein Department of Materials&Interfaces Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel

The hydration lubrication paradigm,whereby hydration layers are both strongly held by the charges they surround,and so can support large pressures without being squeezed out,and at the same time remain very rapidly relaxing and so have a fluid response to shear,provides a framework for understanding,controlling,and designing very efficient boundary lubrication systems in aqueous and biological *** review discusses the properties of confined water,which-unlike organic solvents-retains its fluidity down to molecularly thin *** then describes lubrication by hydrated ions trapped between charged surfaces,and by other hydrated boundary species including charged and zwitterionic polymer brushes,surfactant monolayers,liposomes,and biological macromolecules implicated in synovial joint ***,challenges and prospects for future development of this new boundary lubrication approach are considered.

关键词： hydration lubrication biolubrication boundary lubrication liposomes polymer brushes hydration repulsion hydration layers

MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION OF LiCoO_2 COATINGS FOR MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS COMpONENTS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2002年第2期15卷 182-185页

作者： klein Lisa College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002China ***

The sol-gel process, sing aqueous solutions, is used for dip coating ontosubstrates of 316L stainless steel. A suitable coating of Li CoO_2 is achieved by varying thethickness and heat treating at 650 deg C for 3 h. Thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis andSEM are carried out to characterize the microstructure of the coatings. The results show that thecoating transforms from an amorphous gel to crystalline phases above 350 deg C, and show a porousstructure. The phase transition mechanism is discussed.

关键词： Molten carbonate fuel cells Sol-gel LiCoO_2 coating Crystalline phasetransition

Converging links between adult-onset neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease and early life neurodegenerative neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1463-1471页

作者： Marcel klein Guido Hermey Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition Center for Molecular Neurobiology HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

Evidence from genetics and from analyzing cellular and animal models have converged to suggest links between neurodegenerative disorders of early and late ***,we summarize emerging links between the most common late life neurodegenerative disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and the most common early life neurodegenerative diseases,neuronal ceroid *** studies reported an overlap of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease and mutations in genes known to cause neuronal ceroid *** data strongly suggest dysfunction of intracellular trafficking mechanisms and the autophagy-endolysosome system in both types of neurodegenerative *** suggests shared cytopathological processes underlying these different types of neurodegenerative diseases.A better understanding of the common mechanisms underlying the different diseases is important as this might lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic concepts,the transfer of therapeutic strategies from one disease to the other and therapeutic approaches tailored to patients with specific ***,we review dysfunctions of the endolysosomal autophagy pathway in Alzheimer’s disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and summarize emerging etiologic and genetic overlaps.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease autophagy Batten disease CLN3 disease dementia endosome lysosome neurodegeneration neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis presenilin

Ultrastrong graphene sheets induced by nanoconfined water

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 96-98页

作者： Jacob klein Weizmann Institute of Science

Water and other solvents may exhibit unusual thermodynamic and kinetic properties when nano-confined, as demonstrated in several previous reports[1–4]. For example, extreme cylindrical nanoconfinement has been realized in carbon nanotubes [1], improving ethanol production by an order of magnitude,while the anomalous fluidity of nanoconfined water relative to nanoconfined organic solvents is important for lubrication [2,3].

关键词： graphene water induced nanoconfined sheets ultrastrong

Disruption of bone and skeletal muscle in severe burns

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Bone Research 2015年第1期3卷 6-10页

作者： Gordon L klein Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation University of Texas Medical Branch and Shriners Hospitals for Children

Severe burn injury triggers the body＇s nonspecific adaptive responses to acute insult, including the systemic inflammatory and stress responses, as well as the sympathetic response to immobilization. These responses trigger inflammatory bone resorption followed by glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts and probably osteocytes. Because these patients are catabolic, they suffer concomitant muscle wasting and negative nitrogen balance. The use of anabolic agents such as recombinant human growth hormone and oxandrolone results in improved bone mineral content and muscle strength after approximately I year. Use of bisphosphonates within the first 10 days of a severe burn completely blocks the resorptive bone loss and has the added advantage of appearing to preserve muscle protein from excessive breakdown. The mechanism for the protective effect on muscle is not currently known. However, if the effect of bisphosphonates on muscle can be confirmed, it raises the possibility that bone communicates with muscle.

关键词： bone Disruption of bone and skeletal muscle in severe burns

Function of lateral line canal morphology

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 111-121页

作者： Adrian klein Horst BLECKMANN Institute for Zoology University of BonnPoppelsdorfer SchlossBonnGermany

Fish perceive water motions and pressure gradients with their lateral *** line information is used for prey detection,spatial orientation,predator avoidance,schooling behavior,intraspecific communication and station *** lateral line of most fishes consists of superficial neuromasts(SNs)and canal neuromasts(CNs).The distribution of SNs and CNs shows a high degree of variation among *** have speculated for decades about the functional significance of this diversity,often without any conclusive *** et al.(2013)examined how tubules,pore number and pore patterns affect the filter properties of lateral line canals in a marine teleost,the black prickleback(Xiphister atropurpureus).A preliminary mathematical model was formulated and biomimetic sensors were *** the present study the mathematical model was extended to understand the major underlying principle of how canal dimensions influence the filter properties of the lateral *** the extended mathematical model and the sensor experiments show that the number and distribution of pores determine the spatial filter properties of the lateral *** an environment with little hydrodynamic noise,simple and complex lateral line canals have comparable response ***,if exposed to highly turbulent conditions,canals with numerous widely spaced pores increase the signal to noise ratio significantly.

关键词： filter lateral line morphology noise sensor

A genomic approach to active surveillance： a step toward precision medicine

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第3期15卷 340-341页

作者： Eric A klein Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH 44195 USA

In the last 25 years, prostate Specific Antigen （pSA） screening has resulted ina large gap between the likelihood of being diagnosed with and of dying of prostate cancer, leading to the clinical problems of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Despite the favorable outcomes reported for active surveil- lance, its clinical use is limited, with 〉90% of men in the US diagnosed with potentially indol- ent disease undergoing immediate treatment with radiation or surgery. We have designed a novel strategy of molecular profiling of prostate cancers, allowing an assessment of tumor aggres- siveness to be based on tumor tissue obtained at biopsy.

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Use of centrifugal-gravity concentration for rejection of talc and recovery improvement in base-metal flotation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第8期23卷 859-867页

作者： Bern klein Naci Emre Altun Hassan Ghaffari NBK Institute of Mining Engineering The University of British Columbia Department of Mining Engineering Middle East Technical University Tetra Tech Metallurgy

The possibility of using a centrifugal-gravity concentrator to reject Mg-bearing minerals and minimize metal losses in the flotation of base metals was evaluated. Sample characterization, batch scoping tests, pilot-scale tests, and regrind-flotation tests were conducted on a Ni flotation tailings stream. Batch tests revealed that the Mg grade decreased dramatically in the concentrate products. pilot-scale testing of a continuous centrifugal concentrator（Knelson CVD6） on the flotation tailings revealed that a concentrate with a low mass yield, low Mg content, and high Ni upgrade ratio could be achieved. Under optimum conditions, a concentrate at 6.7% mass yield was obtained with 0.85% Ni grade at 12.9% Ni recovery and with a low Mg distribution（1.7%）. Size partition curves demonstrated that the CVD also operated as a size classifier, enhancing the rejection of talc fines. Overall, the CVD was capable of rejecting Mg-bearing minerals. Moreover, an opportunity exists for the novel use of centrifugal-gravity concentration for scavenging flotation tailings and/or after comminution to minimize amount of Mg-bearing minerals reporting to flotation.

关键词： flotation base metals talc centrifugation gravity concentrators

Focal points at Infinity for Short-Range Scattering Trajectories

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2018年第1期23卷 146-157页

作者： HOHBERGER Horst klein Markus University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute for Mathematics University of Potsdam

Classical scattering trajectories are known to form a Lagrangian manifold in euclidean phase space,which allows the classification of local focal points for sufficiently small dimensions. For the case of a short-range potential, we show that the natural description of focal points at infinity is a Lagrangian manifold in the cotangent bundle of the sphere and establish the relationship between focal points at infinity and the projection singularities of that manifold.

关键词： Lagrangian manifold classical scattering theory short-range potential