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Investigation of improving wear performance of hypereutectic 15%Cr-2%Mo white irons

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China Foundry 2010年第4期7卷 438-446页

作者： R.Reda a.nofal Kh.Ibrahim A.Hussien Central Metallurgical R&D Institute Faculty of Engineering Cairo University

This study aimed at optimizing impact toughness and abrasion wear resistance of 15%Cr-2%Mo hypereutectic abrasion-resistant white irons. The effects of dynamic solidification, niobium addition, combined action of them and heat treatment have been investigated. Investigations were performed by means of the image analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray diffraction. Impact toughness and abrasion wear resistance tests were conducted. Fracture and worn surfaces were studied. Results indicated that microstructural control during solidifciation is the most valuable tool to attain the optimum combination between impact toughness and wear resistance in hypereutectic iron. Combined action of Nb addition and dynamic solidifciation improves impact toughness and wear resistance even more than the action of each individual factor. In the as-cast condition, impact toughness and abrasion resistance were increased after dynamic solidification compared to statically solidified one by 71.4% and 10%, respectively. This enhancement was increased to 114.3 % and 28.8 % by adding 2% Nb. Lower tempering temperature of 260°C exhibits better impact and abrasion resistance than the sub-critical tempering temperature of 500°C.

关键词： hypereutectic Cr-Mo white iron dynamic solidifciation Nb combined action heat treatment impact toughness fractography wear resistance worn surface

Effectiveness of biofertilizers foliar application on yield and quality traits of flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 91-101页

作者： Saied El Sayed A.B.Bakry O.a.nofal M.A.Abo Horish Plant Nutrition Department National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt Field Crops Department National Research Centre33 El-Behouth St12622DokkiCairoEgypt

Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and *** have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes,including increased photo-synthesis,endogenous hormone levels,ion absorption,nucleic acid synthesis,and protein *** factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of ***,this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers(Algae extract,CMS as a by-product of yeast,and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids)can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil *** field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District,Behira Governorate,Egypt during two seasons(2021/2022)using a randomized complete block design(RCBD).The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in *** application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield(ton/ha)by 26.69%&19.89%,straw yield(ton/ha)by 8.08%&17.12%,and oil yield(kg/ha)by 47.72%&33.69%compared to the control group during both seasons *** applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 m L/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents(N,P,K),micronutrient contents(Fe,Zn,Mn),seed oil content,and protein content in flax seeds during both *** highest values for seed oil content and protein content%were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/*** can be concluded that foliar sprays with these bio-fertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields,nutrients oil,protein and fatty acids seeds contents.

关键词： Flax Bio fertilizers Seeds yield Nutrient contents Quality

Portraying Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Comparative Evaluation of Diabetic Foot Infections versus Diabetic Foot Ulcers

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 297-309页

作者： Jamal Wadi Al Ramahi Leen Sharqawi Sarah AL-Najafi Eman Awwad Haya M. Al-Obaidi Abdel Hafez Mohammad Sara.nofal Dina Riyadh Al-Janabi Ibrahim Zuhair Hamza Jamal Al-Masaeid Mohammed Al-Ithawi Dina Rasheed Bellal O. Al-Far Osama Al-Izi Qutaiba Al-Bustanji School of Medicine The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of the Internal Medicine The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy The Specialty Hospital Amman Jordan Department of the Medical Al Khalidi Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Pharmacy Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Internal Medicine Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan Department of General Surgery Jordan Hospital Amman Jordan

Background: Confusion often arises in caring for diabetic foot infections and ulcers, especially with antimicrobials;we aim to shed light on this entity and alert healthcare workers to its stewardship. Methods: Records were reviewed between February 2016 and September 2023. Data for patients diagnosed with diabetes and foot ulcers, infected or not, were examined following ICD 9 search terms. Records for patients were included if they were prediabetic/diabetic adults with foot ulcers, more than 18 years old, and on antidiabetic treatment. Patients were excluded if they insulin resistant, with normal HgbA1c levels, wheel-chair dependent, bed-bound, non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients who had vascular lower limb surgery earlier to ulcers, diabetic patients who had aortocoronary bypass, deep venous thrombosis within six months, malignancy, and severe clinical depression. A modified IWGDF/IDSA guidelines definitions for DFI and DFU was considered. Statistical analysis was done using R programming. Statistical methods were employed as appropriate, and a significant P-value was considered for P Results: Most characteristics were well balanced between DFI and DFU, on imaging osteomyelitis and tissue swelling were significantly more in DFI. Endovascular radiological procedures showed angiograms to be considerably more in DFI, while angioplasty was more in DFU, in addition to smoking. Bacteremia was uncommon, and swab cultures were mostly polymicrobial in both ulcers;no clear association with blood bacteria was detected with the polymicrobial growth, though few were concordant. Antimicrobials prescribed for both ulcers were not statistically different except for carbapenems, which were more in DFI (P Conclusion: Attention should be paid to best practices while caring for diabetic ulcers. These include swab culture interpretations, the use of antimicrobials, and plan management according to DFI or DFU to utilize either local care or combination with antimicrobials.

关键词： Diabetic Foot Ulcers Diabetic Limb Amputation Antimicrobials Stewardship Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobials in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Co-combustion of RDF and biomass mixture with bituminous coal:a case study of clinker production plant in Egypt

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第4期3卷 257-266页

作者： Osayed Sayed Mohamed Abu‑Elyazeed Mohamed nofal Khalaf Ibrahim Junfeng Yang Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMatariaHelwan UniversityMasaken El-HelmiyaP.O.11718CairoEgypt School of Mechanical Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Cement clinker production in Egypt till 2013 relied mainly on fossil fuel as a primary energy ***,with multiple fossil fuel shortages,the utilization of biomass wastes was initiated by multiple cement *** the current work,and to present an industrial-scale biomass and coal co-combustion study,the utilization of multiple biomass fuels to substitute a portion of bituminous coal was studied in an Egyptian clinker production *** of biomass fuels were used to reduce the consumption of bituminous coal and to investigate the diminishing of the environmental impact of the clinker production *** current study was conducted during 8 days of the stable clinker production process by replacing 14%of bituminous coal with biomass mixtures while monitoring the major process control parameters and resulting *** results were compared to the nation’s regulations.A conclusion can be made that using biomass mixtures as alternative fuels minimized the dependency on coal as the main fuel and reduced the CO_(2)burden of the cement produc-tion *** addition,NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions were declined while CO emissions were increased by utilizing biomass mixtures as alternative fuels;all emissions,however,were below the allowable limits stated by the Egyptian environmental ***,the heavy elements,dioxins,and furans were not changed significantly compared to those produced using coal only.

关键词： Refuse derived fuel Biomass Co-Combustion Clinker

Thermomechanical treatment of austempered ductile iron

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China Foundry 2007年第4期4卷 304-309页

作者： A.a.nofal H.Nasr El-din M.M.Ibrahim Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI)CairoEgypt

The production of lightweight ferrous castings with increased strength properties became unavoidable facing the serious challenge of lighter aluminum and magnesium castings. The relatively new ferrous casting alloy ADI offers promising strength prospects, and the thermo-mechanical treatment of ductile iron may suggest a new route for production of thin-wall products. This work aims at studying the influence of thermomechanical treatment, either by ausforming just after quenching and before the onset of austempering reaction or by cold rolling after austempering. In the first part of this work, ausforming of ADI up to 25% reduction in height during a rolling operation was found to add a mechanical processing component compared to the conventional ADI heat treatment, thus increasing the rate of ausferrite formation and leading to a much finer and more homogeneous ausferrite product. The kinetics of ausferrite formation was studied using both metallographic as well as XRD-techniques. The effect of ausforming on the strength was quite dramatic （up to 70% and 50% increase in the yield and ultimate strength respectively）. A mechanism involving both a refined microstructural scale and an elevated dislocation density was suggested. Nickel is added to ADI to increase hardenability of thick section castings, while ausforming to higher degrees of deformation is necessary to alleviate the deleterious effect of alloy segregation on ductility. In the second part of this work, the influence of cold rolling （CR） on the mechanical properties and structural characteristics of ADI was investigated. The variation in properties was related to the amount of retained austenite （7~） and its mechanically induced transformation. In the course of tensile deformation of ADI, transformation induced plasticity （TRIP） takes place, indicated by the increase of the instantaneous value of strain-hardening exponent with tensile strain. The amount of retained austenite was found to decrease due to

关键词： ADI ausforming cold-rolling thermomechanical treatment transformation induced plasticity

轻水堆用多层碳化硅燃料包壳应力分析与设计优化

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轻水堆用多层碳化硅燃料包壳应力分析与设计优化

作者： nofal KHAN 华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

在失水事故(loca)或高温下,当前的锆合金包层将与冷却剂反应,然后形成氢气。氢的积聚是危险的,因为它可能引起爆炸,并容易将放射性物质暴露在环境中。多层SiC基复合材料作为一种重要的耐事故燃料包壳材料,近年来成为研究热点。为了满足... 详细信息

在失水事故(loca)或高温下,当前的锆合金包层将与冷却剂反应,然后形成氢气。氢的积聚是危险的,因为它可能引起爆炸,并容易将放射性物质暴露在环境中。多层SiC基复合材料作为一种重要的耐事故燃料包壳材料,近年来成为研究热点。为了满足燃料对强度和抗渗性能的要求,对多层SiC覆盖层的概念设计进行了研究。本文在热弹性力学理论的基础上,考虑了径向温度梯度和膨胀效应,建立了多层SiC的应力分布模型。通过对稳态温度分布的分析,研究了熔覆层的传热行为。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了双相SiC覆层的有限元分析模型,得到了模拟压水堆稳态条件下的应力和温度分布。此外,还建立了一个matlab模型来验证有限元模型在BOL和EOL燃耗条件下的数值模拟结果。然后,利用修正的威布尔模量计算了各种情况下的失效概率。此外,对多层包层的优化设计仍有必要。从20%整体SiC到80%共研究了 7个设计点。研究了压水堆循环过程中各设计点的应力分布。然后计算每个设计点的失效概率。该失效概率给出了包层如何失效以及压水堆1个运行周期内的失效时间。结果表明,以40%SiCf/SiC为内层,60%整体SiC为外层,是承受应力和辐射并含有裂变气体的最佳设计方案。

关键词：覆层碳化硅失效概率应力分析

Double dartos flap layer in tubularized incised plate urethroplasty to prevent urethrocutaneous fistula in uncircumcised patients with distal hypospadias

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第1期25卷 93-97页

作者： Raed Al-Taher Mohammad nofal Ali J Yousef Mohammad Rashdan Amjad Tarawneh Jad Alsmadi Eman Hasan Dalal Alshareefi Danah Alenezi Bashayer Abdulrasoul Department of General Surgery Division of Pediatric SurgerySchool of MedicineThe University of JordanAmman 11942Jordan Department of General Surgery and Anesthesia School of MedicineMutah UniversityKarak 61710Jordan Department of Pediatrics School of MedicineMutah UniversityKarak 61710Jordan Department of General and Special Surgery Division of UrologyFaculty of MedicineThe Hashemite UniversityZarqa 13133Jordan

Urethrocutaneous fistula may complicate hypospadias *** noticed that double-layered preputial dartos flaps added to tubularized incised plate urethroplasty can reduce the risk of urethrocutaneous *** aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with double-layered preputial dartos flaps to with single-layered local fascial flaps in preventing urethrocutaneous fistula.A retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2017 and December 2020 at Jordan University Hospital(Amman,Jordan).Boys who were aged between 6 months and 5 years,diagnosed with distal hypospadias,and not circumcised were *** primary outcome was the occurrence of urethrocutaneous fistula in patients who underwent tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with a double-layered fascial *** results showed a total of 163 boys with distal hypospadias;among them,116 patients underwent tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with a single-layered fascial flap,and 47 underwent tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with a double-layered fascial *** development of urethrocutaneous fistula was higher in the group receiving tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with a single-layered fascial flap than in the group receiving tubularized incised plate urethroplasty with a double-layered fascial flap after 1 month,6 months,and 12 months(6.9%vs 0,10.3%vs 0,and 5.2%vs 0,respectively),and the difference after 6 months was statistically significant(P=0.02).

关键词： distal hypospadias double-layered preputial dartos flap tubularized incised plate urethroplasty urethrocutaneous fistula

Future of Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunctions in Parkinsonian Patients

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2014年第4期4卷 208-227页

作者： Reda Ahmed nofal Alaa Abdelqader Altaweel Yasser Ibrahim Seada Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy Cairo University Giza Egypt Associate Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Alazher Lecturer of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Alazher University Cairo Egypt

The purpose of the study was designed to clarify the modern trends of physical therapy in treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunctions in Parkinsonian patients, which in this respect included the degree of pain, the muscles power of both masseter and pterygoid, the range of TMJ motion, the angle of mouth opening and their effects on electromyography study in both sexes. Subjects: Thirty males and females were the same degree of disabilities according to modified Hoehn and Yahr scales (grade 3) of Parkinsonian patients, and their age ranged from 50 - 77 years old and their weight ranged from 60 - 88 kg. They were randomly divided into two equal groups (G1 and G2). G1 (control) consisted of 15 patients of both sexes and was treated by exercises therapy program and G2 (experimental) consisted of 15 Parkinsonian patients of both sexes and was treated by the same exercises therapy program and low level pulsed electromagnetic therapy. Vital signs such as blood pressure, body temperature, pulse rate and respiratory rate were measured before and after the treatment sessions. Assessments: Visual analogue scale was used to measure degree of pain. Tensiometer was used to measure the muscle power of masseter and pterygoid, the digital goniometer was used to investigate the range of TMJ movement. Moreover, standard electromyography test (EMG) was used to measure the compound muscle action potentials. Statistically the results for all groups were analyzed by t-test to compare the differences between the two groups. The statistical package of social sciences (SPSS, version 10) was used for data processing using the P-value 0.05 as a level of significance. Results showed that there were significant improvements in all variables in G2 only. However, there was a little improvement but not significant in both G1. Therefore, it could be concluded that the use of low level pulsed electro-magnetic therapy combined with exercises program was the good method to control pain of TMJ, in

关键词： Electromagnetic Temporomandibular Joint Parkinsonian Patients Electromyography Tensiometer Goniometer Pain and Range of Motion

提高15%Cr-2%Mo过共晶白口铸铁耐磨性能研究

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铸造 2010年第12期59卷 1244-1250页

作者： R. Reda A. nofal Khaled Ibrahim A. Hussien 田桦萌埃及中心冶金开发研究所 HelwanEgypt 埃及开罗大学工程学院 GizaEgypt 不详

本研究的主要目的是优化15%Cr-2%Mo过共晶白口铸铁的冲击韧性和耐磨性。研究了动态凝固、铌元素添加和二者共同作用及热处理的影响。采用图像分析仪,扫描电子显微镜(SEM),能量色散光谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪等仪器,对冲击韧性和耐磨损性... 详细信息

本研究的主要目的是优化15%Cr-2%Mo过共晶白口铸铁的冲击韧性和耐磨性。研究了动态凝固、铌元素添加和二者共同作用及热处理的影响。采用图像分析仪,扫描电子显微镜(SEM),能量色散光谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪等仪器,对冲击韧性和耐磨损性能进行了测试,还对断口和磨损表面进行了研究。结果表明,对于过共晶(白口)铸铁,凝固过程中的微观组织控制是取得冲击韧性和耐磨性之间的最佳组合的最重要手段。在提高冲击韧性和耐磨性上,添加铌和动态凝固综合作用比每个单一因素更有效。在铸态条件下,动态凝固的冲击韧性和耐磨性比静态凝固分别提高71.4%和10%。加入2%铌后,分别进一步提高到114.3%和28.8%。较低的回火温度260℃比亚临界回火温度500℃显示出更好的耐冲击性和耐磨性。

关键词：过共晶铬钼白口铸铁动态凝固铌综合作用热处理冲击韧性断口学耐磨性磨损表面