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Alpha7 nicotinic receptors as potential theranostic targets for experimental stroke

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 939-940页

作者： Maider Garbizu Laura Aguado Abraham Martín Achucarro Basque Center for neuroscience LeioaSpain CIC biomaGUnE Basque Research and Technology AllianceSan SebastianSpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science BilbaoSpain

Inflammatory reflex and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway:Innate immune system triggers a local inflammatory response following an injury or a pathogen ***,this inflammatory response is limited by rapid,localized,and adaptive anti-inflammatory responses which are crucial for maintaining ***,the loss of these responses converts a limited and protective inflammatory response into an excessive and harmful ***-inflammatory responses are integrated into the central nervous system,since the central nervous system accumulates information about harmful events,activates defenses,and builds memory for *** the same time,it has been demonstrated that hypothalamic neuronal signaling can be altered by inflammation in peripheral ***,immune cells release neuropeptides and neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine(ACh),the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system,evidencing the communication between the immune and nervous systems(Tracey,2002).

关键词： protective invasion Alpha

Developing knn forest data imputation for Catalonia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 142-155页

作者： Timo Pukkala núria Aquilué Ariadna Just Jordi Corbera Antoni Trasobares Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia(CTFC) Crta.de St.Llorençde MorunysKm 225280 SolsonaSpain Cartographic and Geological Institute of Catalonia(ICGC) 08038 BarcelonaSpain

The combined use of LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)scanning and field inventories can provide spatially continuous wall-to-wall information on forest *** information can be used in many ways in forest mapping,scenario analyses,and forest manage-ment *** study aimed to find the optimal way to obtain continuous forest data for Catalonia when using knn imputation(knn stands for“k nearest neighbors”).In this method,data are imputed to a certain location from k field-measured sample plots,which are the most similar to the location in terms of LiDAR metrics and topographic *** multidimensional Euclidean distance was used as the similarity *** study tested two different methods to optimize the distance *** first method optimized,in the first step,the set of LiDAR and topographic variables used in the measure,as well as the transformations of these *** weights of the selected variables were optimized in the second *** other method optimized the variable set as well as their transformations and weights in one single *** two-step method that first finds the variables and their transfor-mations and subsequently optimizes their weights resulted in the best imputation *** the study area,the use of three to five nearest neighbors was *** and latitude turned out to be the most important variables when assessing the similarity of two locations of Catalan forests in the context of knn data *** optimal distance measure always included both LiDAR metrics and topographic *** study showed that the optimal similarity measure may be different for different ***,it was suggested that knn data imputation should always be started with the optimization of the measure that is used to select the k nearest neighbors.

关键词： Forest inventory Differential evolution Simulated annealing LiDAR

Simultaneous removal of critical rare earth elements and chalcogen oxyanions by anaerobic granular sludge

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4595-4611页

作者： Chiara Belloni Mohanakrishnan Logan Stefano Papirio Piet n.L.Lens University of Galway Galway H91 TK33Ireland Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Naples Federico II80125 NaplesItaly

Conventional mining of economically and strategically important critical rare earth elements(REEs)(such as neodymium,lanthanum and dysprosium),and chalcogens(such as selenium and tellurium)are associated with a huge economic and environmental ***,the need to recover REEs as well as chalcogens from different waste streams including wastewaters is becoming *** assays on synthetic chalcogen/REE-laden wastewater showed that the presence of REEs significantly improved the tellurite removal rate(>80%)and enhanced selenate removal by 66%±10%.Three 3.9 L continuous upflow anaerobic granular sludge bed(UASB)reactors were operated at a hydraulic retention time of 24 h and30℃.Selenate reduction was achieved with a removal efficiency of~98%with an influent p H of 4.0 for more than 28 *** effect of REEs on tellurite removal in the UASB bioreactor could not be clearly established since a soluble tellurium removal efficiency of more than 98%was observed already before the addition of REEs at elevated tellurite *** complete REE removal in both batch assays and UASB reactors at higher pH(7.0±0.5)was attributed to precipitation,whereas chalcogen oxyanions removal was due to microbial ***,at acidic p H,biosorption was responsible for REE's removal,and the Se-enriched sludge exhibited a superior REE's removal efficiency than the non-enriched and Te-enriched sludge.

关键词： Rare earth elements Selenium Tellurium Bioreduction Adsorption

Formation of diffuse and spark discharges between two needle electrodes with the scattering of particles

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 32-39页

作者： Victor F TARASEnKO Dmitry V BELOPLOTOV Alexei n PAnCHEnKO Dmitry A SOROKIn Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesTomsk 634055Russia national Research Tomsk State University Tomsk 634050Russia

The development of a nanosecond discharge in a pin-to-pin gap filled with air at atmospheric pressure has been studied with high temporal and spatial resolutions from a breakdown start to the spark *** and negative nanosecond voltage pulses with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts were ***-resolved images of the discharge development were taken with a fourchannel Intensified Charge Coupled Device(ICCD)*** minimum delay between the camera channels could be as short as≈0.1 *** made it possible to study the gap breakdown process with subnanosecond *** was observed that a wide-diameter streamer develops from the high-voltage pointed *** ionization processes near the grounded pin electrode started when the streamer crossed half of the *** bridging the gap by the streamer,a diffuse discharge was *** development of spark leaders from bright spots on the surface of the pointed electrodes was observed at the next *** was found that the rate of development of the spark leader is an order of magnitude lower than that of the wide-diameter *** thin luminous tracks were observed against the background of a discharge plasma *** has been established that the tracks are adjacent to brightly glowing spots on the electrodes and are associated with the flight of small particles.

关键词： needle electrodes short voltage pulses atmospheric air streamer breakdown diffuse and spark discharges scattering metal particles

Comparison of Perovskite Systems Based on AFeO_(3)(A=Ce,La,Y)in CO_(2) Hydrogenation to CO

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第4期30卷 337-358页

作者： Anna n.Matveyeva Shamil O.Omarov Laboratory of Materials and Processes for Hydrogen Energy Ioff e Institute194021 St.PetersburgRussia

CO_(2) is the most cost-eff ective and abundant carbon resource,while the reverse water-gas reaction(rWGS)is one of the most eff ective methods of CO_(2) *** work presents a comparative study of rWGS activity for perovskite systems based on AFeO_(3)(where A=Ce,La,Y).These systems were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis(SCS)with diff erent ratios of fuel(glycine)and oxidizer(φ),diff erent amounts of nH 4 nO_(3),and the addition of alumina or silica as *** techniques,including X-ray diff raction analysis,thermogravimetric analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,n 2-physisorption,H_(2) temper-ature-programmed reduction,temperature-programmed desorption of H_(2) and CO_(2),Raman spectroscopy,and in situ FTIR,were used to relate the physicochemical properties with the catalytic performance of the obtained *** specifi c perovskite-containing system(either bulk or supported)has its own optimalφand nH_(4) nO_(3) amount to achieve the highest yield and dispersion of the perovskite *** all synthesized systems,bulk SCS-derived La-Fe-O systems showed the highest resistance to reducing environments and the easiest hydrogen desorption,outperforming La-Fe-O produced by solgel combustion(SGC).CO_(2) conversion into CO at 600°C for bulk ferrite systems,depending on the A-cation type and preparation method,follows the order La(SGC)nces in properties between La-Fe-O obtained by the SCS and SGC methods can be attributed to diff erent ratios of oxygen and lanthanum vacancy contributions,hydroxyl coverage,morphology,and free iron oxide *** situ FTIR data revealed that CO_(2) hydrogenation occurs through formates generated under reaction conditions on the bulk system based on La-Fe-O,obtained by the SCS method.γ-Al_(2)O_(3) improves the dispersion of CeFeO_(3) and LaFeO_(3) phases,the specifi c surface area,and the quant

关键词： Perovskites LaFeO_(3) CeFeO_(3) YFeO_(3) Solution combustion synthesis CO_(2) hydrogenation Reverse water–gas reaction(rWGS)

Measurement of yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 MeV neutrons with oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： D.n.Grozdanov n.A.Fedorov S.B.Dabylova Yu.n.Kopatch I.n.Ruskov V.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova C.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov G.V.Pampushik P.G.Filonchik A.V.Andreev Joint Institute for nuclear Research(JInR) DubnaRussia Institute for nuclear Research and nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.n.Gumilyov Eurasian national University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldova ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on the nuclei of oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur was performed at the TAnGRA facility at JInR(Dubna).The experiment aimed to refine existing data and obtain new data on the yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using the tagged neutron *** types of detector systems were used to registerγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using a high-purity germanium(HPGe)*** angular distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth germanite Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)located around the *** performed experiments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tagged neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotropy of theγ-radiation accompanying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tagged neutron method yields of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

Effectiveness of external prestressing in enhancing the non-ductile hanger failure mechanism in reinforced concrete inverted T-beams

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1050-1065页

作者： Ahmed M.ATTA Reda n.BEHIRY Mohammed I.HARAZ Structural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTanta 33511Egypt nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura 11001Egypt

Recently,inverted T-beams have been used in reinforced concrete(RC)bridges to support transverse precast *** T-beams,contrary to practice with conventional beams,are loaded on the flanges upper *** loading configuration causes hanger failure due to the generation of vertical tensile stresses near the bottom of the *** key purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of vertical external prestressing stainless-steel bars in mitigating non-ductile hanger failure in reinforced concrete inverted *** experimental study on six inverted-T beams,including two un-strengthened specimens,was carried *** study showed that the value of the prestressing level had a considerable impact on the performance of hanger mechanism in relation to crack pattern,ultimate loads,cracking behavior,load-deflection,strains,and *** experimental results indicated that the suggested method for strengthening inverted T-beams had efficacy in reducing the seriousness of the non-ductile hanger failure and resulted in a strength increase of up to 53% when compared to that of the un-strengthened ***,two analytical models for estimating the hanger capacity and the average crack width of the strengthened RC inverted T-beams were *** models that were proposed exhibited a high degree of agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： RC bridges inverted T-beams strengthening hanger failure external prestressing

Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó Ivett Pipoly András Liker HUn-REn-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab Hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(ng did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization nestling mortality Sex related differences

In-situ study of the microstructure evolution during tension of a Mg-Y-Zn-Al alloy processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation technique

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2024-2040页

作者： Jeno Gubicza Kristián Máthis Péter nagy Péter Jenei Zoltán Hegedus Andrea Farkas Jozef Vesely Shin-ichi Inoue Daria Drozdenko Yoshihito Kawamura Department of Materials Physics Faculty of ScienceEotvos Loránd UniversityPázmány P.sétány 1/ABudapest H-1117Hungary Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 Praha 2Czech Republic Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.85Hamburg 22603Germany Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan

Mg-Y-Zn-Al alloys processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation(RSRC)technique exhibit an exceptional mechanical performance indicating promising application *** material has a bimodal microstructure consisting of fine recrystallized and coarse non-recrystallized grains with solute-rich stacking faults forming cluster arranged layers(CALs)and nanoplates(CAnaPs),or complete long period stacking ordered(LPSO)*** order to reveal the deformation mechanisms,in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction line profile analysis was employed for a detailed study of the dislocation arrangement created during tension in Mg-0.9%Zn-2.05%Y-0.15%Al(at%)*** uncovering the effect of the initial microstructure on the mechanical performance,additional samples were obtained by annealing of the as-consolidated specimen at 300 and 400℃ for 2 *** heat treatment at 300℃ had no significant effect on the initial microstructure,its evolution during tension and,thus,the overall deformation behavior under tensile *** the other hand,annealing at 400℃ resulted in a significant increase of the recrystallized grains fraction and a decrease of the dislocation density,leading to only minor degradation of the mechanical *** maximum dislocation density at the failure of the samples corresponding to the plastic strain of 10-25% was estimated to be about 16-20×10^(14)m^(-2).The diffraction profile analysis indicated that most dislocations formed during tension were of non-basal and pyramidal types,what was also in agreement with the Schmid factor values revealed independently from orientation *** was also shown that the dislocation-induced Taylor hardening was much lower below the plastic strain of 3% than above this value,which was explained by a model of the interaction between prismatic dislocations and CAnaPs/LPSO plates.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Y-Al alloy Long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase Cluster arranged nanoplates(CAnaPs) Annealing Tension Dislocation density Hardening