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A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期 91-98页

作者： J.Pe?as A.Bembibre d.Cortina-Gil L.Martín A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Laboratorio Láser de Aceleración y Aplicaciones RIAIDT Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matemáticas y dpto.de didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de Salamanca Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are introduced. The assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3d motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser irradiations. The automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target, which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel, enables operation at rates up to 10 Hz. Stable and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated, with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

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Recent developments in three-dimensional Zn metal anodes for battery applications

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InfoMat 2024年第1期6卷 1-30页

作者： Jianyu Chen Yizhou Wang Zhengnan Tian Jin Zhao Yanwen Ma Husam n.Alshareef State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information displays(KLOEId)and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NUPT)Nanjingthe People's Republic of China Materials Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology Suzhouthe People's Republic of China

Aqueous zinc(Zn)ion batteries(AZIBs)are regarded as one of the promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems due to their low cost,high safety,and environmental ***,the commercialization of AZIBs has been severely restricted by the growth of dendrite at the Zn metal *** the planar-structured Zn anodes into threedimensional(3d)structures has proven to be an effective way to modulate the plating/stripping behavior of Zn anodes,resulting in the suppression of dendrite *** review provides an up-to-date review of 3d structured Zn metal anodes,including working principles,design,current status,and future *** aim to give the readers a comprehensive understanding of 3d-structured Zn anodes and their effective usage to enhance AZIB performance.

关键词： 3d metal anodes aqueous Zn ion batteries dendrite suppression Zn dendrite Zn metal anodes

development and characterization of 3d-printed electroconductive pHEMA-co-MAA nP-laden hydrogels for tissue engineering

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Bio-design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 262-276页

作者： Sara de nitto Aleksandra Serafin Alexandra Karadimou Achim Schmalenberger John J.EMulvihill Maurice n.Collins dIBRIS Polytechnic Inter-School Section University of Genoa16126 GenoaItaly School of Engineering Bernal InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland School of natural Sciences Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland Health Research Institute University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland AMBER University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

Tissue engineering(TE)continues to be widely explored as a potential solution to meet critical clinical needs for diseased tissue replacement and tissue *** this study,we developed a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid)(pHEMA-co-MAA)based hydrogel loaded with newly synthesized conductive poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)(PEdOT)and polypyrrole(PPy)nanoparticles(nPs),and subsequently processed these hydrogels into tissue engineered constructs via three-dimensional(3d)*** presence of the nPs was critical as they altered the rheological properties during ***,all samples exhibited suitable shear thinning properties,allowing for the development of an optimized processing window for 3d *** were 3d printed into pre-determined disk-shaped configurations of 2 and 10 mm in height and diameter,*** observed that the nPs disrupted the gel crosslinking efficiencies,leading to shorter degradation times and compressive mechanical properties ranging between 450 and 550 *** conductivity of the printed hydrogels increased along with the nP concentration to(5.10±0.37)×10^(−7)S/*** vitro studies with cortical astrocyte cell cultures demonstrated that exposure to the pHEMA-co-MAA nP hydrogels yielded high cellular viability and proliferation ***,hydrogel antimicrobial studies with staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria revealed that the developed hydrogels affected bacterial *** together,these materials show promise for various TE strategies.

关键词： Conductive nanoparticles Hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) Ultraviolet(UV)polymerization 3d printing

Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2068-2074页

作者： Carolina Aguado Sara Badesso JoséMartínez-Hernández Alejandro Martín-Belmonte Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz Miriam Fernández Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor Ana García-Osta Rafael Luján Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas(IDINE)Department of Medical SciencesFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioAlbaceteSpain Gene Therapy for neurological disease Program Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)University of NavarraInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra(IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain Pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain neuropharmacology and Pain Group Neuroscience ProgramInstitut d’InvestigacióBiomèdica de BellvitgeIDIBELLL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain department of Pathology Anatomy and PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain UniversitéGrenoble Alpes Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(Ad).However,some older adult people with Ad pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive *** the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to Ad offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic *** hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged Ad *** the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 *** the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant *** further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic *** findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic Ad mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate ***,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic ***,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic *** subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play cr

关键词： aging Alzheimer´s disease cognitive hippocampus immunoelectron microscopy resilience synapse

A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： J.Penas A.Bembibre d.Cortina-Gil L.Martin A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo J.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio Laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y dpto.de didactica de la Matematica y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3d motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration multi-shot operation proton source target assembly

Coke behavior with H_(2)O in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 959-976页

作者： Feng Zhou daosheng Peng Kejiang Li Alberto n.Conejo Haotian Liao Zixin Xiong dongtao Li Jianliang Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Baosteel Central Research Institute(R&d Center of Wuhan Iron&Steel Co. Ltd.)Wuhan 430080China Shougang Research Institute of Technology Shougang Group Corporation Ltd.Beijing 100043China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recyclable Process for Iron and Steel Production Technology Beijing 100043China

Hydrogen-enriched blast furnace ironmaking has become an essential route to reduce CO_(2)emissions in the ironmaking ***,hydrogen-enriched reduction produces large amounts of H_(2)O,which places new demands on coke quality in a blast *** a hydrogen-rich blast furnace,the presence of H_(2)O promotes the solution loss *** result improves the reactivity of coke,which is 20%-30%higher in a pure H_(2)O atmosphere than in a pure CO_(2)*** activation energy range is 110-300 kJ/mol between coke and CO_(2)and 80-170 kJ/mol between coke and H_(2)***_(2)and H_(2)O are shown to have different effects on coke degradation *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the effect of H_(2)O on the structure and properties of *** exploring the interactions between H_(2)O and coke,several unresolved issues in the field requiring further research were *** review aims to provide valuable insights into coke behavior in hydrogen-rich environments and promote the further development of hydrogen-rich blast furnace ironmaking processes.

关键词： hydrogen ironmaking coke behavior blast furnace gasification microstructure kinetics

dFT investigation of half-metallic ferromagnetic rare earth based spinels MgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： Maiza Zanib Mumtaz Manzoor n.A.noor M.Waqas Iqbal Mazia Asghar H.H.Hegazy A.Laref department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Half-metallic ferromagnetism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric properties for rare earth-based spinels MgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)were investigated using density functional theory(dFT).Structural optimization was done with Perdew-Burke-Ehrenzorf(PBE)sol-generalized gradient approximation(GGA)to calculate the lattice constant of both spinels comparable to experimental *** addition,Born stability criteria and negative formation energy show that our studied spinels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromagnetic(FM)state stability,we also calculated the energy differences among FM,antiferromagnetic(AFM),and non-magnetic(nM)***,Curie temperatures of ferromagnetic phases were also *** used Trans-Blaha improved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)potential functional for electronics as well as magnetic characteristics,which lead to the consistent explanation of half-metallic ferromagnetism,representing the whole band-occupancy in material with exact detail of density of states(dOS).The stable FM state was examined in spinels due to the exchange splitting of Ho cation consisting of p-d hybridizations compatible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,spin magnetic moment was explained in terms of anion,cation,and sharing charge on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric properties clearly show that operation range of these systems may be utilized by future experimental works for identifying the potential applications of these systems.

关键词： Ho-based spinels dFT simulations Mechanical parameters Electronic properties HM ferromagnetism Figure of merit

Polyhydroxyurethanes from Biobased Monomers and CO_(2):A Bridge between Sustainable Chemistry and CO_(2) Utilization

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 652-685页

作者： Tharinee Theerathanagorn Tanika Kessaratikoon Hafeez Ur Rehman Valerio d'Elia daniel Crespy VISTEC Advanced Laboratory for Environment-Related Inorganic and Organic Syntheses Department of Materials Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology21210Wang ChanRayongThailand department of Materials Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology21210Wang ChanRayongThailand

Polyhydroxyurethanes(PHUs)have received considerable attention in the last decade as potential alternatives to traditional phosgene-based polyurethanes(PUs).The development of suitable 5CC(five membered-ring cyclic carbonate)precursors bearing multiple carbonate moieties(multi-5CCs)is a key requisite for preparing PHUs by polyaddition reaction with bis-or *** sustainable PHUs from CO_(2)-based five-membered cyclic carbonates(5CCs)obtained from biobased epoxides is a valuable strategy to bridge CO_(2) utilization and the upcycling of renewable *** this context,while many multi-5CC monomers reported in the literature are oil-based,recent efforts have led to the development of a large variety of multifunctional 5CCs that are produced by the combination of CO_(2) and renewable resources such as fatty acids and vegetable oils,lignin,terpenes,and *** this work,recent crucial advances(2019—2023)on PHUs prepared from bis-and multi-5CCs produced from CO_(2) and(partially/potentially)biobased substrates are reviewed with respect to their synthesis,thermal and mechanical properties,and their recent,emerging applications.

关键词： CO_(2) conversion Polyhydroxyurethanes Cyclic carbonates Biobased compounds Fatty acids Functional polymers Monomers Renewable resources

Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur d.Singappuli d.Molloy d.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.Mcnamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.Margarone L.Giuffrida d.Batani P.nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly EnEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto nazionale di Fisica nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward