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Genetic Characterization of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Strains from Senegal for Sustainable Local Aquaculture Production

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Open Journal of Genetics 2023年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： mbaye Tine Ramatoulaye Fall Hamet Diaw Diadhiou Mbacké Sembene UFR of Agricultural Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technologies (UFR S2ATA) Gaston Berger University (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal The National Agency for Aquaculture (ANA) Dakar Senegal ISRA/Oceanographic Research Center Dakar-Thiaroye Dakar Senegal Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

The optimization of aquaculture production requires the selection of efficient strains. Thus, genetic improvement has become one of the important levers to boost the development of aquaculture. The objective of this study was to carry out genetic characterization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, one of the most cultivated fish species in Senegal, in order to select an efficient strain to optimize local fish production. Thus, fish from five different populations (Richard-Toll, ANA, ITACA, Mbodiene and Sauvage) were analyzed, with 15 individuals per population. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed using molecular genetic analyses by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. The analyses of the SCARII marker were conducted on four populations (ANA, ITACA, Sauvage and Mbodiene) while microsatellite analyses were conducted on all five populations. The results show high levels of polymorphism of SSR markers, and a high level of observed heterozygosity (Ho), indicating a high within-population genetic variability. These results are in agreement with the AMOVA results, which indicated a high within-population genetic variability (94%). The genetic structure analysis by DAPC indicates that the five populations analyzed are structured into four groups, which are highly heterogeneous because they share common allele individuals. The analysis of the genetic structure by AMOVA showed a low degree of differentiation between the populations (6%), in agreement with the genetic differentiation index (Fst = 0.059). The heterogeneity of studied populations implies a genetic flow over time, which may have existed between the original populations. The overall negative Tajima D values and low genetic differentiation indicate an excess of rare mutations in the populations studied, resulting from a recent population expansion from a limited number of initial breeders isolated in locale hatcheries. Thus, further studies with a

关键词： Oreochromis niloticus Polymorphism Heterozygosity Genetic Diversity Genetic Structure

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Epidemiological Approach to Understand Rheumatic Heart Valve Disease: Case of Thoracic Cardiovascular Clinic of Fann Hospital (Dakar)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第10期10卷 750-760页

作者： Marie Parsine Sall Fatimata.mbaye Mbacké Sembéne Amadou Gabriel Ciss Département de Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement Campus Bel-Air Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et D’odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

Objective: Rheumatic heart disease is the major cause of heart valve disease in developing countries. In Senegal, cardiac pathology is dominated by rheumatic pathology whose hospital prevalence was estimated at 0.15% [1]. Epidemiological data on rheumatic heart valve disease (RHVD) are unfortunately imprecise due to the lack of good quality data collection in a large number of countries, especially in sub-Saharan areas and in Central Asia. The objective of this epidemiological study is to collect data about rheumatic heart valve disease in our clinic which is the only surgical center of Senegal. Patients and Methods: Our study conducted between 2014 and 2017 involved a population of one hundred and eighty-three patients with complete medical records, all followed at the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic at Fann Hospital for rheumatic valve disease. This population was the subject of an epidemiological survey based on a questionnaire covering clinical parameters as consanguinity, clinical signs, diagnosis and surgical intervention. Results: Our work is an epidemiological study involving one hundred and eighty-three (183) patients with various types of rheumatic valve disease, followed at the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic at Fann Hospital, and who responded to a questionnaire about clinical aspects of this disease. Our results showed 5.46% of family cases, of which 2.18% came from consanguineous marriages. Mean age at onset of clinical signs was 14 ± 9 years with 14.20% before 6 years of age, 65.91% between

关键词： Rheumatic Valves Epidemiological Diagnosis Surgery

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Study of the Impact of Grid Disconnections on the Production of a Photovoltaic Solar Power Plant: Case of Diamniadio Power Plant

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 16-25页

作者： Amadou Ndiaye Mohamed Cherif Aidara Amy mbaye Mamadou Lamine Ndiaye Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement-Procédés Industriels (L3EPI) Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

Today, renewable energy projects connected to the interconnected network, with powers of the order of tens of megawatts, are more and more numerous in sub-Saharan Africa. And financing these investments requires a reliable amortization schedule. In the context of photovoltaic systems connected to the interconnected electricity grid, the quintessence of damping is the amount of energy injected into the grid. Thus it is fundamental to know the parameters of this network and their variation. This paper presents an evaluation of the impact of power grid disturbances on the performance of a solar PV plant under real conditions. The CICAD photovoltaic solar plant, connected to the Senelec distribution network, with an installed capacity of 2 MWp is the study setting. An energy audit of the plant is carried out. Then the percentage of each loss is determined: voltage drops, module degradation, inverter efficiency. The duration of each disconnection is measured and recorded daily. The corresponding quantity of lost energy is thus calculated from meteorological data (irradiation, temperature, wind speed, illumination) recorded by the measurement unit in one-minute steps. The observation period is three months. The total duration of disconnections related to the instability of the electrical network during the study period is 46.7 hours. The amount of energy lost is estimated at 22.6 MWh. This represents 2.4% of the actual calculated production.

关键词： Photovoltaic Power Plant Disconnections Network Evaluation Lost En-ergy

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The Various Complications Associated with Use of Silicone Oil in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) Surgery via Three-Port Vitrectomy (3PV): A Retrospective Study at the Ophthalmology Center of Abass Ndao Hospital

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第3期14卷 250-256页

作者： Soda.mbaye El Hadji Malick Sy Aïssatou Aw Papa Amadou Ndiaye Abass Ndao University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Introduction: RRD (Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment) is a separation between the neuroepithelium and the pigment epithelium due to the passage of fluid through a retinal dehiscence. It constitutes a major ophthalmologic emergency. Its management is primarily surgical, either through external or internal approaches, with tamponade using gas or silicone oil. The purpose of this study was to report the various complications associated with the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery. Patients et methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study from October 1, 2020, to October 31, 2023, which included all patients who underwent surgery for RRD using three-port vitrectomy (3PV) with tamponade using 1000 centistoke silicone oil (Group 1) and 5000 centistoke silicone oil (Group 2). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and were operated on by the same surgeon. Data analysis was performed using Excel software. Results: Overall, 31 patient files representing 33 eyes were collected, with a mean age of 48.83 years and a sex ratio of 4.16. Group 1 consisted of 16 eyes (48.48%), and Group 2 consisted of 17 eyes (51.51%). The different complications observed were cataracts in all phakic subjects, accounting for 57.57%;ocular hypertonia in 69.69% (27.27% in Group 1;42.42% in Group 2);anterior chamber silicone oil migration in 24.24% (9.09% in Group 1;15.15% in Group 2);recurrence of retinal detachment in 21.21% (6.06% in Group 1;15.15% in Group 2);and silicone oil emulsification in 24.24% (15.15% in Group 1;9.09% in Group 2). Additionally, there was one case of corneal degeneration in Group 1. Conclusion: Silicone oil is an effective tamponade agent used in the treatment of retinal detachments. Close patient follow-up is necessary due to the complications associated with its use, which can occur either early or late after surgery.

关键词： Silicone Cataracts OHT Emulsifications

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Ovarian Tumors in Senegalese Women: Impact of D-Loop Mutations between Healthy and Cancerous Tissues

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Open Journal of Genetics 2024年第2期14卷 37-46页

作者： Rouguiyatou Ka Fatimata.mbaye Bineta Kénéme Mbacké Sembène Genomics Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

In Senegal in particular, ovarian cancer, which is one of the most common gynecological cancers, accounts for 2.8% of deaths. The most important risk factor is genetic, with 10% of cases occurring in a context of genetic predisposition. The sequencing of the human genome, which has led to the discovery of millions of sequence variations, makes it possible to study variations within sequences. These variations are limited to Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and this common form of polymorphism occurs approximately every 1000 bases in the human genome and 1.8 million SNPs are currently listed according to [1]. The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the impact of mutations in the D-loop region of mtDNA on ovarian cancer in Senegalese women. This study involved searching for mutations in our study population after DNA extraction and sequencing. Mutations were found after a comparison of our sequences with the Cambridge reference sequence (NC_012920). The mutations found in the DNA studied extend from position 7 to position 16568 and most of these mutations are located in the hypervariate zones (HV1 and HV2). Heteroplasmy with three mutant alleles was also found in certain variants. Common mutations were found in both healthy and cancerous tissues, with almost identical frequencies in both types of tissue. This enabled us to understand the spread of tumor cells throughout the ovary.

关键词： Ovarian Cancer Mutations D-Loop Heteroplasmy

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A Rare Cause of Facial Cellulitis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第5期12卷 309-316页

作者： Aminata.mbaye Mouhamadou Diouldé Diallo Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Ndiassé Ndiaye Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Regional Hospital Thies Senegal Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Military Hospital of Wakam Dakar Senegal Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Régional Hospital Mamou Guinea

Facial cellulite are infections of the cellulo-adipose tissues of the human face. Head and neck cellulitis is today one of the most serious ENT emergencies, which is very life-threatening and requires immediate multidisciplinary care. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common predisposing factors. They are serious conditions because of the rapidity with which they tend to spread. They perform an extensive necrotizing condition, developing from a banal, pharyngeal or dental infection, and spreading along the aponeurotic partitions of the face and neck. The etiologies are diverse and come mainly from dental infections. Nasosinus infections can be the cause especially on immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis is mainly clinical. The treatment is medico-surgical and must start as soon as the diagnosis is made to avoid complications. We report a case of an abscess of the nasal septum responsible for facial cellulitis in 45-year-old diabetic patient. Her diabetes was irregularly followed. The septal abscess spread over a few days to the tissues of the face. He was received in a picture of impaired general condition with significant facial oedema. He received rapid and appropriate medical and surgical car. He progressed well under treatment after 15 days.

关键词： Facial Cellulite Abscess Nasal Septum Diabetes

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The Outcome of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in a Mixed Population of Adult and Pediatric Patients

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 325-333页

作者： Maguette mbaye Lebrun Gahito Alioune Badara Thiam mbaye Thioub Elcheikh Ndiaye Sy Mohameth Faye Sagar Diop Moustapha Ndongo Ndaraw Ndoye Momar Code Ba Seydou Boubakar Badiane Neurosurgical Department of Fann Teaching Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy (ETV) is the most common neuroendoscopic technique in the treatment of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. Since its introduction, ETV has been a safe alternative to ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt), which has a high complication rate with significant socio-economic consequences. The authors report the results of ETV performed in the neurosurgical department of FANN teaching hospital in Dakar. Methods: This retrospective study presents the results of ETV performed in 513 patients with hydrocephalus of various etiologies, ranging from February 2010 to February 2018. We have included in our series from 2010 to 2016, all patients with clinically revealed non-communicating hydrocephalus followed by a brain computed tomography (CT) scan or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and who have benefited from an ETV, in which the ETV Success Score was evaluated. Results: The mean age of our patients was 14.10 years, with 298 (58%) males. The clinical symptomatology varied in both children and adults and manifested in children as macrocrania in 67.8% of the patients, while in adults, it manifested as raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in 87.5% of patients. A brain CT scan was performed in 461 (89.86%) of patients. The causes of hydrocephalus were dominated in 49% of patients by malformative pathologies, followed by tumors in 41% of patients, infections in 2.33% of patients, and normal-pressure hydrocephalus in 3.8% of patients. During the postoperative period, we found 21.41% of various complications. Conclusions: The findings in our series were compared to those in the literature and were satisfactory, thus proving the effectiveness and safety of ventriculocisternostomy in our department. In resource-limited countries, ETV can be performed with good results and less mortality and morbidity.

关键词： Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Hydrocephalus Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

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Phylogenetic Relationship and Molecular Divergence Dating Using SRY Gene Polymorphism about Four Ladoum Sheep Lineages in Senegal

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第2期13卷 179-198页

作者： Pape Madiop Sembène Fatimata.mbaye Mama Racky Ndiaye Mbacké Sembène Genomic Laboratory Department of Animal Biology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Animal genetic resources are playing a vital role in livestock production and are essential to food security. The present study aims to contribute to a better understanding genetic local sheep breeds and to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships through the evolution of the SRY gene in four different lineages of Ladoum sheep raised in Senegal. After a brief analysis of genetic diversity, the phylogenetic relationships and molecular dating were inferred through haplotype networks and four phylogenetic reconstruction methods. The different haplotype networks are constructed with NETWORK ver. 5.***.0.0 using the Median-Joining method. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The robustness of the nodes in phylogenetic trees of the three first methods was assessed by 1000 bootstraps. For Bayesian inference, the posterior probability distribution of the trees was estimated by 4 MCMC chains. 5,000,000 generations were performed for each of the chains by sampling the different parameters every 1000 generations. Results show a low polymorphism. Haplotypic diversity is much higher than the average nucleotide divergence between all pairs of haplotypes. The majority and central haplotype indicates a close relationship between “Batling” and “Tyson” individuals. “Birahim” lineage is very distinct from the rest. Phylogenetic trees confirm two genetically separate clades between “Birahim” and the other lineages. The period of divergence between “Birahim” lineage versus the common ancestor of the other three lineages was 2504 years ago. The polyphyly revealed in “Birahim” lindicates that this lineage does not contain the common ancestor of all individuals who compose it. It could therefore be derived from two or more sheep breeds with a common ancestor, Ovis aries. The monophyletic clade appears to be a group including a common ancestor and all of its genetic descendants. This group, bringing togethe

关键词： Genetic Diversity Phylogenetic Relationship Molecular Dating SRY Gene Sheeps Ladoum Senegal

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A Product Line Approach to Design an Embedded Web System for Healthcare

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Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 96-104页

作者： Sidi Mohamed Ould Moulaye Abdellahi Mohamed Taher Kimour mbaye Sene Department of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar 5005 Senegal Department of Computer Science Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University Annaba 23000 Algeria

With the recent advances in mobile technology and wireless network technology, embedded systems are being widely used in modem society today. Particularly, a home healthcare system is a networked embedded system where the main functions are to control the disease processes and to help patients maintain their independence and maximum level of function within their own homes and communities. It seems to be self-evident to design a system that would support both patients and their healthcare providers in the process of treatment. Nevertheless, little work in integrating embedded devices with intemet for the support of patients have been done to date. In this paper, we show how to design a healthcare system for supporting the management of the conditions of patients with chronic diseases. This system is built around wireless networked embedded devices, and integrates the intemet technology for telemonitoring the patient＇s health and notifying of doctors if emergency action is required. Also, patients themselves may specify personal alerts for condition-related issues.

关键词： Embedded systems healthcare systems software product lines Intemet.

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Plant Disease Severity Assessment Based on Machine Learning and Deep Learning: A Survey

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2023年第9期11卷 57-75页

作者： Demba Faye Idy Diop Nalla.mbaye Doudou Dione Marius Mintu Diedhiou Polytechnic School of Dakar University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

The world’s agricultural production suffers huge losses estimated between 20% and 40% annually. 40% to 50% of such losses are due to pest and diseases which cause significant economic losses every year. Precise assessment of severity is crucial for suitable management of crop diseases. It helps famers to avoid yield losses, reduce production costs, ensure good disease management and so on. This paper is a review of plant diseases severity estimation solutions proposed by researchers the last few years and based on Image Processing Techniques (IPT), classical Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms. The analysis of these solutions has allowed us to identify their limitations and potential challenges in plant disease severity assessment.

关键词： Plant Disease Severity Machine Learning Deep Learning

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