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Multi-temporal modeling of road-induced overland flow alterations in a terraced landscape characterized by shallow landslides

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 240-253页

作者： Luca.mauri Eugenio Straffelini Paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale Dell’Università 1635020Legnaro(PD)Italy

The presence of roads in high steep agricultural systems is often linked with landslides occurrence.This research aims to model multi-temporal overland flow dynamics in a shallow landslides-prone terraced landscape(northern Italy).The combined use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems(RPAS)and photo-grammetric techniques(e.g.,Structure from Motion-SfM)allowed to elaborate multi-temporal high-resolution Digital Elevation Models(DEMs).Hydrological analyses of water flow's depth alterations due to the road presence were carried out adopting the SIMulated Water Erosion model(SIMWE),focusing on different scenarios considering the presence of the road and assuming its absence through a specific DEM smoothing procedure.The possibility to perform multi-temporal hydrological simulations at a hillslope scale so as to analyse the role played by the road in overland flows alteration is still a challenge to be investigated.Results proved the role played by the road in water flows change above the two observed shallow landslides,with respective maximum water depth values equal to 0.18 m and 0.14 m.On the contrary,no-road simulations not revealed significant water flows deviations towards landslides,with water depth values around 0 m,underlining that the absence of the road would avoid relevant changes in water flow paths toward the collapsed surfaces.This work could be a solid starting point for analyse road impact on runoff dynamics and hillslopes stability also at a wider scale,as well as for planning efficient mitigation intervention so as to reduce the occurrence of similar future scenarios.

关键词： Terraced landscape Road Landslide Remote sensing DEM

Solving the factorization problem with P systems

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第4期17卷 471-478页

作者： Alberto Leporati Claudio Zandron Giancarlo mauri Computer Science Department University of Milan20126 MilanoItaly

P systems have been used many times to face with computationally difficult problems, such as NP-complete decision problems and NP-hard optimization problems. In this paper we focus our attention on another computationally intractable problem: factorization. In particular, we first propose a simple method to encode binary numbers using multisets. Then, we describe three families of P systems: the first two allow to add and to multiply two binary encoded numbers, respectively, and the third solves the factorization problem.

关键词： factorization P systems membrane systems.

Seasonal variance in P system models for metapopulations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第4期17卷 392-400页

作者： Daniela Besozzi Paolo Cazzaniga Dario Pescini Giancarlo mauri Università degli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Informatica e ComunicazioneVia Comelico 3920135 MilanoItaly Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Dipartimento di InformaticaSistemistica e ComunicazioneVia Bicocca degli Arcimboldi 820126 MilanoItaly

Metapopulations are ecological models describing the interactions and the behavior of populations living in fragmented habitats. In this paper, metapopulations are modelled by means of dynamical probabilistic P systems, where additional structural features have been defined (e.g., a weighted graph associated with the membrane structure and the reduction of maximal parallelism). In particular, we investigate the influence of stochastic and periodic resource feeding processes, owing to seasonal variance, on emergent metapopulation dynamics.

关键词： P system metapopulation stochastic ecological model.

Numerical Model for the Characterization of Retro-reflective Materials Behavior in an Urban Street Canyon

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Journal of Thermal Science 2018年第5期27卷 456-462页

作者： VALLATI Andrea.mauri Luca COLUCCI Chiara DE LIETO VOLLARO Roberto Department of DIAEE Sapienza University of Rome Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Roma Tre

In this work, a preliminary numerical model of the behavior of retro-reflective materials used as envelope coatings on street canyon buildings fa?ades has been tested. Retro-reflective materials have a surface finish that allows to reflect the solar radiation back in the same direction of the incident radiation. In the last years this kind of materials has been studied as buildings envelope coating for their potentials in the reduction of the UHI effect. As a matter of fact, the angular dependence of their optical–radiative response would help to mitigate the phenomenon of radiative entrapment due to the urban fabric environment. For this reason, an urban canyon was selected as the most common urban architecture to perform the analysis. A virtual retroreflective material has been simulated considering its response as almost diffusive but in the same direction of the incident radiation. The assessment of the energy advantages of the adoption of a virtual retro-reflective material as envelope coating is investigated by means of a numerical model developed in MATLAB and based on the Gebhart factors theory. The final purpose of the numerical model is the evaluation of the surfaces solar loads by a comparison between perfectly diffusive materials and RR materials used as fa?ades coating.

关键词：数字模型材料反射火箭制动城市峡谷行为

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Prevalence of lactase persistent/non-persistent genotypes and milk consumption in a young population in north-west Russia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第15期15卷 1849-1853页

作者： Yulia Khabarova Suvi Torniainen Hanna Nurmi Irma Jrvel mauri Isokoski Kari Mattila Department of Family Medicine Northern State Medical University Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Tampere School of Public Health University of Tampere Medical School University of Tampere33014 and Centre of General PracticeHealth District of Pirkanmaa

AIM:To estimate the prevalence of the lactase non-persistent genotype(C/C-13910)in a northern Russian population in accordance with ethnicity,and to evaluate self-reported milk consumption depending on lactase activity. METHODS:Blood samples for genotyping lactase activity,defining the C/T-13910 variant by polymerase chain reaction,and direct sequencing were taken from 231 medical students of Russian origin aged 17-26 years. We analyzed milk product consumption by questionnaire which was specially designed for the estimation of milk consumption and abdominal complaints. RESULTS:We found that the prevalence of the C/C-13190 genotype in the northern Russian population was 35.6%.The other genotypes nearby C/T-13910 and associated with lactase activity were not present in the study population.The consumption of milk among people with the non-persistent genotype tended to be lower than among the lactose tolerant subjects,but was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION:An investigation of the lactase persistent genotype in a northern Russian population has not been performed before.The genotype did not affect the consumption of milk products in this population which could be explained by low consumption of milk products among the entire study population.

关键词：消费人群牛奶产品乳糖酶基因型俄罗斯持久性人口西北

Quantifying temporal changes in Tornionjoki river ice breakup dates and spring temperatures in Lapland since 1802

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第6期23卷 1069-1079页

作者： Samuli HELAMA Jianmin JIANG Johanna KORHONEN Jari HOLOPAINEN mauri TIMONEN Finnish Forest Research Institute Rovaniemi Northern Unit 96300 Finland Training Centre of China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Finnish Environment Institute Helsinki P.O. Box 140 00251 Finland Department of Geosciences and Geography University of Helsinki Helsinki P.O. Box 64 00014 Finland

Cryophenological records （i.e. observational series of freeze and breakup dates of ice） are of great importance when assessing the environmental variations in cold regions. Here we employed the extraordinarily long observational records of river ice breakup dates and air temperatures in northern Fennoscandia to examine their interrelations since 1802. Historical observations, along with modern data, comprise the informational setting for this analysis carried out using t-test. Temperature history of April-May season was used as cli- matic counterpart for the breakup timings. Both records （temperature and breakup） showed seven sub-periods during which their local means were distinctly different relative to preced- ing and subsequent sub-periods. The starting and ending years of these sub-periods oc- curred in temporal agreement. The main findings of this study are summarized as follows：（1） the synchrony between the temperature and river ice breakup records ruled out the possibility that the changes would have occurred due to quality of the historical series （i.e. inhomoge- neity problems often linked to historical time-series）; （2） the studied records agreed to show lower spring temperatures and later river ice breakups during the 19th century, in comparison to the 20th century conditions, evidencing the prevalence of cooler spring temperatures in the study region, in agreement with the concept of the Little Ice Age （1570-1900） climate in North-West Europe; （3） the most recent sub-period demonstrate the highest spring tem- peratures with concomitantly earliest river ice breakups, showing the relative warmth of the current springtime climate in the study region in the context of the past two centuries; （4） the effects of anthropogenic changes in the river environment （e.g. construction and demolition of dams） during the 20th century should be considered for non-climatic variations in the breakup records; （5） this study emphasizes the importance of multi-centurial （i.e. historical） cryo- phenological information fo

关键词： climatic change historical climatology Lapland Little Ice Age phenology

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Neonatal Fc receptor-targeted lignin-encapsulated porous silicon nanoparticles for enhanced cellular interactions and insulin permeation across the intestinal epithelium

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第3期7卷 299-315页

作者： Joao P.Martins Patrícia Figueiredo Shiqi Wang Erika Espo Elena Celi Beatriz Martins Marianna Kemell Karina Moslova Ermei Makil Jarno Salonen mauri A.Kostiainen Christian Celia Vincenzo Cerullo Tapani Viitala Bruno Sarmento Jouni Hirvonen Helder A.Santos Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Pharmacy University of Chieti-Pescara“G d’Annunzio”I-66100ChietiItaly Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Chemistry University of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of TurkuFI-20014TurkuFinland Biohybrid Materials Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityFI-00076AaltoFinland i3S-Instituto de Investigaçao e Inovaçao em Saúde University of Porto4200-135PortoPortugal INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica University of Porto4200-135PortoPortugal CESPU-Instituto de Investigaçao e Formaçao Avançada em Ciencias e Tecnologias da Saúde 4585-116GandraPortugal Helsinki Institute of Life Science(HiLIFE) University of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland

Oral insulin delivery could change the life of millions of diabetic patients as an effective,safe,easy-to-use,and affordable alternative to insulin injections,known by an inherently thwarted patient compliance.Here,we designed a multistage nanoparticle(NP)system capable of circumventing the biological barriers that lead to poor drug absorption and bioavailability after oral administration.The nanosystem consists of an insulin-loaded porous silicon NP encapsulated into a pH-responsive lignin matrix,and surface-functionalized with the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G,which acts as a targeting ligand for the neonatal Fc receptor(FcRn).The developed NPs presented small size(211±1 nm)and narrow size distribution.The NPs remained intact in stomach and intestinal pH conditions,releasing the drug exclusively at pH 7.4,which mimics blood circulation.This formulation showed to be highly cytocompatible,and surface plasmon resonance studies demonstrated that FcRn-targeted NPs present higher capacity to interact and being internalized by the Caco-2 cells,which express FcRn,as demonstrated by Western blot.Ultimately,in vitro permeability studies showed that Fc-functionalized NPs induced an increase in the amount of insulin that permeated across a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture model,showing apparent permeability coefficients(Papp)of 2.37×10􀀀6 cm/s,over the 1.66×10􀀀6 cm/s observed for their non-functionalized counterparts.Overall,these results demonstrate the potential of these NPs for oral delivery of anti-diabetic drugs.

关键词： Nanoparticles Porous silicon Lignin FcRn Insulin Oral drug delivery

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

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成都理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2004年第6期31卷 601-605页

作者： Stephen L.Bend mauri C.Smith Department of Geology University of Regina Saskatchewan Canada Presently with Shell Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as “oil families”, although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any “oil family”. Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new “oil family” within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.

关键词：加拿大古生代寒武纪石油地质油气生成

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Flexible mating tactics and associated reproductive effort during the rutting season in male reindeer （Rangifer tarandus, L. 1758）

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Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 802-810页

作者： Eliana PINTUS Stefania UCCHEDDU Knut H. RФED Javier Perez GONZALEZ Juan CARRANZa.mauri NIEMINEN Фystein HOLAND Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Agrobiology Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences Kamycka 129 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol Czech Republic Ungulate Research Unit Game and Fish Research Center University of Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences EO. Box 8146 Dep. N-0033 Oslo Norway Guarderia Rural Mancomunidad de Municipios Centro (MIMC) 06810 Calamonte Spain Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute Reindeer Research Station 99910 Kaamanen Finland Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences Norwegian University of Life Sciences RO. Box 5003 N-1432 As Norway

Polygynous males can change their mating tactics across their lifetime, but information is scarce on the flexibility of this trait within a given season and the relative costs and benefits of using different tactics. Here, we monitored individually marked male reindeerRangifer tarandusand classified their mating tactics as harem-defense, sneaking, or mixed. The costs of the male reproductive effort were assessed using both direct (i.e. percentage of body mass lost) and indirect measures (i.e. activity patterns such as feeding, standing, and walking), while mating group size and reproductive success were recorded as mating effort benefits. Our results show that reindeer males may switch between the harem-defense and sneaking tactics throughout the same breeding season, providing further support to the notion that reproductive tactics are flexible in ungulates. The costs and benefits of male mating effort vary according to the mating tactic, reaching the highest values in harem-holders and the lowest values in sneaking males. Moreover, males who switched between the sneaking tactic and the harem-defence tactic tended to achieve higher mating success than males who consistently used the least costly tactic. Indeed, all harem-holders successfully sired offspring, whereas only two out of three mixed-tactic males sired one calf, and sneaking males did not sire any calves. In conclusion, our results show that reindeer males can modulate their mating efforts during the same breeding season by switching between the most costly harem-defense tactic and the least costly sneaking tactic, suggesting individual solutions to the balance between reproductive effort and mating opportunities.

关键词：繁殖成功率交配策略繁殖季节驯鹿雄性男性生殖成本效益混合策略