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Super-resolution of PROBA-V images using convolutional neural networks

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Astrodynamics 2019年第4期3卷 387-402页

作者： Marcus martens DarioIzzo Andrej Krzic Daniel Cox European SpaceAgency Noordwijk2001AZthe Netherleneds

European Space Aqency(ESA)’s PROBA-V Earth observation(EO)satellite enables us to monitor our planet at a large scale to study the interaction between vegetation and climate,and provides guidance for important decisions on our common global ***,the interval at which high-resolution images are recorded spans over several days,in contrast to the availability of lower-resolution images which is often *** collect an extensive dataset of both high-and low-resolution images taken by PROBA-V instruments during monthly periods to investigate Multi Image Super-resolution,a technique to merge several low-resolution images into one image of higher *** propose a convolutional neural network(CNN)that is able to cope with changes in illumination,cloud coverage,and landscape features which are introduced by the fact that the different images are taken over successive satellite passages at the same *** a bicubic upscaling of low resolution images taken under optimal conditions,we find the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio of the reconstructed image of the network to be higher for a large majority of different *** shows that applied machine learning has the potential to enhance large amounts of previously collected EO data during multiple satellite passes.

关键词： deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) super-resolution imaging remote sensing Earth observation(EO)

The psyche and the gut

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3405-3408页

作者： Paul Enck Ute martens Sibylle Klosterhalfen University Hospitals Tübingen Department of Internal Medicine Ⅵ Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Germany

Research on gut-brain interactions has increased over the last decade and has brought about a number of new topics beyond ＂classical＂ subjects, such as ＂stress＂ and personality; which have dominated the psychosomatic literature on gastrointestinal disorders over the past century. These novel topics include brain imaging of intestinal functions, placebo responses in gastroenterology, learning of gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life in patients with intestinal complaints, and psychotherapy and familial aggregation of functional intestinal disorders. Currently, these new topics appear with a frequency of 1% to 3% in leading gastroenterological journals, either as data presentation or review papers. Increasing focus underlines the importance of enhandng our understanding on how the psyche and the brain communicate in order to better meet the needs of our patients.

关键词： Gut-brain interactions Psyche Functionalbowel disorders Irritable bowel syndrome

Improved dark ambient degradation of organic pollutants by cerium strontium cobalt perovskite

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 110-118页

作者： Huihuang Chen Julius Motuzas Wayde martens Joao C.Diniz da Costa The University of Queensland FIM^2 Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes LaboratorySchool of Chemical EngineeringBrisbaneQld 4072Australia Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaAnhui 230026China Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQld 4000Australia LAQV-REQUIMTE (Bio)Chemical Process EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de LisboaCaparica 2829-516Portugal

This work investigates the effect of cerium substation into strontium cobalt perovskites(CeSrCoO)for the oxidative degradation of OrangeⅡ(OII)in dark ambient conditions without the aid of any external stimulants such as light,heating or chemical *** OII degradation rate by CeSrCoO reached 65%in the first hour,whilst for the blank sample without cerium(SrCoO)took over 2 hr to reach the same level of OII ***,the cerium substitution improved the catalytic activity of the perovskite material,mainly associated with the Ce0.1Sr0.9CoO3 perovskite *** contacting CeSrCoO,the-N=Nazo bonds of the OII molecules broke down resulting in electron donation and the formation of *** electrons are injected into the CeSrCoO and resulted in a redox pair of Co3+/Co2+,establishing a bridge for the electron transfer between OII and the ***,the electrons also formed reactive species(·OH)responsible for OII degradation as evidenced by radical trapping *** species were formed via the reaction between 02 and donated electrons from OII with the aid of cobalt redox *** the prepared materials dispensed with the need for light irradiation and additional oxidants,it opens a window of environmental applications for treating contaminated wastewaters.

关键词： Dark catalysis Acid orange degradation Cerium substituted perovskite Catalytic activity

Pharmacological interventions targeting nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2023-2025页

作者： Kim M.A.De Kleijn Gerard J.M.martens Department of Molecular Animal Physiology Donders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourCentre for NeuroscienceFaculty of ScienceRadboud University6525AJ NijmegenThe Netherlands NeuroDrug Research Ltd 6525ED NijmegenThe Netherlands(De Kleijn KMAMartens GJM)Department of Molecular Animal PhysiologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourCentre for NeuroscienceFaculty of ScienceRadboud University6525AJ NijmegenThe Netherlands

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system(CNS).Pathological characteristics of the disease include activation of CNS-intrinsic immune cells,such as microglia and astrocytes,and loss of neuronal connections,myelin and blood-brain barrier(BBB)integrity as well as peripheral immune cell infiltration into the *** has long been considered a predominantly immunological disease,which has led to the development of essentially only immune-directed *** this traditional“outside-in”MS hypothesis,a dysregulation of the peripheral immune system causes immune cell infiltration into the CNS,leading to autoreactivity against myelin sheath components and secondary BBB ***,recent findings indicate that overactivation of microglia and astrocytes represents an important first step in MS pathology,as appears to be the case for other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and Parkinson’s disease(PD).

关键词： sclerosis outside essentially

Comparison of Two Procedures for Extraction and Clean-up of Organophosphorus and Pyrethroid Pesticides in Sediment

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Pedosphere 2004年第2期14卷 229-234页

作者： WANGLi-Gang JIANGXint YANDong-Yun S.FORSTER D.martens InstituteofSoilScience ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008（China）.E-mail：lgwangO827@*** InstituteofEcologicalChemistry NationalResearchG＇enterforEnvironmentandHealth.NeuherOerg85764（Germany）

Two procedures were compared for extraction and clean-up of 20organophosphorus and 19 pyrethroid pesticides in sediment to identify the more effective procedurefor groups of pesticides or individual compounds. In Procedure I, methanol/water and n-hexane wereused for extraction, and 1:10 (v/v) dichloromethane in n-hexane and acetone were used as eluents foreluting the analyte through the cartridge, with one evaporating steps on a rotary evaporator andtwo eluting steps on the cartridge. n-hexane/acetone (2:1, v/v) was used for extraction and elutionin Procedure II with one evaporating step on a rotary evaporator and one eluting step on thecartridge. All extractions were performed under an ultrasonic bath and gas chromatography and massspectrometry were utilized for measurements. Procedure II was developed as a rapid, timesaving, lesscostly and safer substitute for Procedure I which was an old method. Procedure II was moreeffective for almost all the organophosphorus pesticides tested and 11of the 19 pyrethroidpesticides, while Procedure I was more appropriate for analysis of 5 pyrethroid pesticides. However,recoveries of most pyrethroid pesticides were fairly low. Thus, further studies should focus onadjustment and formulation of solvents for more efficient extraction and clean-up of pyrethroidpesticides from sediment samples.

关键词： extraction procedure organophosphorus pesticides pyrethroid pesticides sediments

A phylogeographic break and bioacoustic intraspecific differentiation in the Buff-barred Warbler(Phylloscopus pulcher)(Aves:Passeriformes,Phylloscopidae)

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Chinese Birds 2014年第1期5卷 3-14页

作者： Martin Packert Yue-Hua Sun Balduin S Fischer Dieter Thomas Tietze Jochen martens Senckenberg Natural History Collections Museum of ZoologyKonigsbrücker Landstraβe 159D-01109 DresdenGermany Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Science Institute of Ecology Evolution and DiversityGoethe UniversityMax-von-Laue-Straβe 1360439 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 36469120 HeidelbergGermany Institut für Zoologie Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat55099 MainzGermany

Background: According to current taxonomy only three out of 27 Sinohimalayan leaf warbler species(Phylloscopidae) are considered genetically uniform across their entire breeding range along the Southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the Buff-barred Warbler(Phylloscopus pulcher) being one of them. Because marked differentiation among Himalayan and Chinese populations has been recently demonstrated for a number of Phylloscopus species(or sister species) we investigated the intraspecific variation of a mitochondrial gene, songs and morphology of P. pulcher in a phylogeographic ***: We sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b, reconstructed haplotype networks and analyzed DNA polymorphism among Himalayan and Chinese populations. We measured time and frequency parameters of two distinct song types and analyzed among population-differentiation in a principal component analysis and a discriminant analysis. We also compared measurements of body size dimensions taken from museum ***: The mitochondrial haplotype network(cytb) was divided into two distinct clusters corresponding to geographic origin of samples. Pairwise genetic distances among Himalayan and Chinese mt DNA lineages account for 1.3% which coincides with Pleistocene lineage separation at roughly 650,000 years ago. Genetic diversity is slightly higher in the Chinese part of the species' range with respect to haplotype and nucleotide diversity while the less diversified Himalayan population lineage shows signs of recent range expansion. The vocal repertoire of P. pulcher comprises two distinct verse types that are combined with short interspersed click notes to long continuous song displays. Trill verse types showed significant differences among regions in almost all measured frequency and time parameters: Chinese males displayed more rapid and more broad-banded trills at a lower pitch. In contrast,warbling verse types showed a distinctively different structure

关键词： Phylloscopidae Phylogeography East–west divide Territorial songs Phylloscopus pulcher vegetus

Intercropping effect on root growth and nitrogen uptake at different nitrogen levels

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第4期8卷 380-389页

作者： Javier Ramirez-Garcia Helle J.martens Miguel Quemada Kristian Thorup-Kristensen Dpto.Producción Vegetal:Fitotecnia ETSI AgrónomosAvd.Complutense s/nUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid28040 MadridSpain Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of CopenhagenHøjbakkegaards Alle 13DK-2630TaastrupDenmark

Aims Intercropping legumes and non-legumes may affect the root growth of both components in the mixture,and the non-legume is known to be strongly favored by increasing nitrogen(N)*** knowledge of how root systems affect the growth of the individual species is useful for understanding the interactions in intercrops as well as for planning cover cropping *** aim of this work was(i)to determine if different levels of N in the topsoil influence root depth(rD)and intensity of barley and vetch as sole crops or as an inter-cropped mixture and(ii)to test if the choice of a mixture or the N availability in the topsoil will influence the N uptake by deep *** In this study,we combined rhizotron studies with root extraction and species identification by microscopy with studies of growth,N uptake and 15N uptake from deeper soil layers,for studying the root interactions of root growth and N foraging for barley(Hordeum vul-gare l.)and vetch(Vicia sativa l.),frequently grown in mixtures as cover crops.N was added at 0(N0),50(N1)and 150(N2)kg N ha−*** roots discrimination relying on the anatomical and morphologi-cal differences observed between dicots and monocots proved to be a reliable method providing valuable data for the *** Findingsthe intercrop and the barley attained slightly higher root intensity(rI)and rD than the vetch,with values around 150 crosses m−1 and 1.4 m,respectively,compared to 50 crosses m−1 and 0.9 m for the *** deep soil layers,intercropping showed slightly larger rI values compared to the sole-cropped *** barley and the intercropping had larger root length density(r D)values(200-600 m m−3)than the vetch(25-130)at 0.8-1.2 m *** topsoil N supply did not show a clear effect on the rI,rD or r D;however,increasing topsoil N favored the proliferation of vetch roots in the intercropping at deep soil layers,with the barley:vetch root ratio ranging from 25 at N0 to 5 at *** N uptake of the barley was

关键词： grasses legumes cover crops crop mixture root discrimination labeled N

The ASD that Wouldn’t Go Away:An Unusual Case of ASD Device Failure in a Patient with Marfan Syndrome

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第2期16卷 183-187页

作者： Christopher M.Day Neda Mulla Timothy martens Brent M.Gordon Department of Pediatrics Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92354USA Division of Pediatric Cardiology Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92354USA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Loma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCA 92354USA

Marfan syndrome patients have connective tissue abnormalities that predispose them to intracardiac defects and postoperative *** present a case of late onset ASD device failure secondary to device movement within the atrial septum in a girl with Marfan *** case study suggests that further studies are necessary to determine the optimal device and approach for ASD repair in this patient cohort.

关键词： Congenital heart disease atrial septal defect device closure connective tissue disease marfan syndrome transcatheter intervention

Amino Compounds in Poultry Litter,Litter-Amended Pasture Soils and Grass Shoots

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Pedosphere 2014年第2期24卷 178-185页

作者： Z.Q.HE Z.N.SENWO H.X.ZOU I.A.TAZISONG D.a.martens USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Alabama A&M University Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering the University of Maine USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center

Amino compounds （ACs）, i.e., amino acids and amino sugars, are the major forms of organic nitrogen （N） in animal manure and soil. To increase our understanding on the effect of long-term poultry litter （PL） application on soil AC pools and turnover, in this study, we determined the contents of 21 ACs in 23 PL samples, i5 soil samples collected from 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm layers of five pasture plots with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years of PL applications, and 5 grass shoot samples grown on these pasture fields. The contents of 21 ACs were simultaneously determined by methanesulfonic acid hydrolysis/extraction and anion chromatography-pulsed amperometry. PL application increased soil total and individual AC contents with a distribution pattern similar to that of AC in PL. The highest AC-N concentrations were observed in the soils with 10- or 15-year PL applications, inconsistent with the order of annual application rates or eunmlative applied PL amounts. Application of PL increased the AC contents in grass shoots whereby the highest increase of most ACs was with the shoots from the fields that received PL for 5 years. These observations suggested that both freshly applied and residual PL had contributions to the soil AC-N, and that PL application also accelerated AC-N transformation in soil.

关键词： amino acids amino sugars broiler feed soil nitrogen