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世界科学 1981年第2期 42-44页

作者： D.L.Hull P.D.Desner a.m.diamond 张利华

普朗克认为新的科学真理往往要等老一代科学家死去才得以传播。但是从达尔文主义的传播来看,情况并不完全如此。

关键词：达尔文主义物种普朗克原理

Theoretical study of superradiant masing with solid-state spins at room temperature

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 38-47页

作者： Qilong Wu Yuan Zhang Hao Wu Shi-Lei Su Kai-Kai Liu mark Oxborrow Chong-Xin Shan Klaus mølmer Henan Key Laboratory of diamond Optoelectronic materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Institute of Quantum materials and Physics Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450046China Center for Quantum Technology Research and Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and measurements School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of materials Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2100Denmark

Steady-state superradiance and superradiant lasing attract significant attentions in the field of optical lattice clocks,but have not been achieved yet due to the technical challenges and atom loss *** this article,we propose that their counter-part may be observed in the microwave domain with solid-state spins,i.e.,nitrogen-vacancy center spins and pentacene molecular spins,coupled to microwave resonator at room temperature with realistic technical *** validate our proposal,we investigate systematically the system dynamics and steady-state by solving quantum master equations for the multi-level and multi-process dynamics of trillions of *** calculations show that the superradiant Rabi oscillations occur firstly due to transitions among different Dicke states,and the subsequent continuous-wave superradiant masing can achieve a linewidth well below *** work may guide further exploration of transient and steady-state superradiant masing with the mentioned and other solid-state spins *** ultra-narrow linewidth may find applications in deep-space communications,radio astronomy and high-precision metrology.

关键词： solid-state spins superradiance maser

Exotic parrots breeding in urban tree cavities: nesting requirements, geographic distribution, and potential impacts on cavity nesting birds in southeast Florida

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 459-468页

作者： Joshua.m.diamond michael S.Ross Florida International University Earth & Environment

Background:Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida,including several species that nest in tree *** aimed to determine the species identity,nest site requirements,relative nest abundance,geographic distribution,and interactions of parrots with native cavity-nesting bird ***:We searched miami-Dade County,Florida,and nearby areas for natural cavities and holes excavated by woodpeckers,recording attributes of potential nest *** inspected all cavities with an elevated video inspection system to determine occupancy by parrots or other *** mapped nearly 4000 citizen science observations of parrots in our study area corresponding to our study period,and used these to construct range maps,comparing them to our nesting ***:Not all parrots reported or observed in our study area were actively *** parrots were observed at tree cavities,which previous studies have suggested is evidence of reproduction,but our inspections with an elevated video inspection system suggest they never initiated nesting *** parrot species did successfully nest in tree cavities,Red-masked Parakeets(Psittacara erythrogenys)and Orange-winged Parrots(Amazona amazonica)being the most common(n=7 and 6 nests,respectively).These two parrots had similar nesting requirements,but Orange-winged Parrots use nests with larger entrance holes,which they often *** analysis of nests combined with citizen science data indicate that parrots are limited to developed *** most common parrots were less abundant cavity nesters than the native birds which persist in miami’s urban areas,and far less abundant than the invasive European Starling(Sturnus vulgaris).Conclusions:Exotic parrots breeding elsewhere in the world have harmed native cavity-nesting birds through interference competition,but competitive interference in southeast Florida is minimized by the urban affinities of parrots in this ***

关键词： Amazona Cavity nest webs Invasive species Parakeets Psittacara Urban ecology

A T-Cell model for the Biological Role of Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1997年第2期10卷 246-252页

作者： ALAN m. diamond YASUSHI KATAOKA JUDITH mURRAY DUAN CHENGYING THOmAS m. FOLKST,AND PAUL. A. SANDSTROm(Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA Retrovirus Disease Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology University of Chicago IL 60637 USA.

The cytosolic form of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase detoxifies both hydrogen and lipid peroxides and therefore represents a major component of the cellular anti-oxidant defenses. In order to study the biological role of this enzyme, we generated an expression construct in a retroviral vector, which when introduced into immortalized human T-cells, resulted in significant increases in the activity of this important enzyme. This effect is stable over extended maintenance in culture. The anti-oxidant defenses in these same cells are also shown to be attenuated hy chemically reducing cellular glutathione levels. Collectively, the abllity to both increase and decrease the anti-oxidant defenses in human T cells results in a useful model system for the study of oxidative stress and signaling in this cell type

关键词： Res cell A T-Cell model for the Biological Role of Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase HIV AIDS

Behavioral and Neurobiological Assessments of Predator-Based Fear Conditioning and Extinction

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第8期6卷 337-356页

作者： Joshua D. Halonen Phillip R. Zoladz Collin R. Park David m. diamond Department of Psychology University of Tampa Tampa Florida USA Department of Psychology University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA Department of Psychology Sociology & Criminal Justice Ohio Northern University Ada Ohio USA Department of molecular Pharmacology & Physiology University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA Center for Preclinical & Clinical Research on PTSD University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA

Shock, immobilization, and exposure to predator-related stimuli have all been used to study fear conditioning in rodents, but they have never been used in conjunction in a single study. Experiment 1 compared the effects of these three reinforcers, alone and in various combinations, on the expression of long-term conditioned fear memory and extinction in adult male rats. Whereas foot shock conditioning, alone, was rapidly extinguished;the combination of immobilization and cat exposure, or all 3 stimuli together, produced a significant increase in the magnitude of fear conditioning and greater resistance to extinction, which persisted for at least 5 weeks post-training (p ment 2 assessed the role of the hippocampus in predator-based context and cued fear conditioning. Pharmacological suppression of hippocampal activity during fear conditioning produced a selective impairment of contextual, but not cued, fear memory. Experiment 3 investigated the effects of sleep deprivation prior to fear conditioning on the expression of fear memory. This experiment demonstrated that pre-training sleep deprivation blocked the expression of contextual (hippocampal-dependent), but not cued (hippocampal-independent), fear memory. Overall, this series of experiments has extended the use of predator exposure in conjunction with conventional reinforcers, such as foot shock and immobilization, to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of traumatic memory.

关键词： Fear Conditioning Predator Exposure Hippocampus Sleep Deprivation

用二次离子质谱仪(SImS)对矿物中单个流体包裹体进行元素分析:太古宙中温热液金-石英脉中流体包裹体阳离子比的应用

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地质地球化学 1992年第1期20卷 47-54页

作者： L.W.diamond 龙洪波陈晓枫

使用CAmECA-4F型离子探针的SImS方法已经达到这样的水平,即可定量分析预选的直径小至3μm、盐度稀达0.37mol％的单个流体包裹体的元素比。该方法首先由Nambu等(1977)进行过尝试,是在真空中用1.25keV的氧离子(O^-)束轰击寄主晶,来打开流... 详细信息

使用CAmECA-4F型离子探针的SImS方法已经达到这样的水平,即可定量分析预选的直径小至3μm、盐度稀达0.37mol％的单个流体包裹体的元素比。该方法首先由Nambu等(1977)进行过尝试,是在真空中用1.25keV的氧离子(O^-)束轰击寄主晶,来打开流体包裹体,因而对样品是破坏性的。在质谱仪中分析发射的二次离子,其强度与作靶用的包裹体中母体元素的浓度成正比。Na-mbu等(1977)分析冷冻包裹体,获得了包裹体中液体的K/Na比和Ca/Na比,其相对重现性(2σ/(?))分别为50—65％和80—200％。对Na^+、K^+、Ca^+的二次离子生成量用总盐度为0.37—3.3 mol％,且K/Na、Ca/Na比为0.005—1.0的合成流体包裹体进行经验校正。由此得出,采自马尼托巴东南部比塞特的圣安东尼奥太古宙金矿床的石英中单个含金流体包裹体中的K/Na=0.036+0.04/-0.02,Ca/Na=0.034+0.07/-0.03。一次离子束的最佳空间控制允许打开单个包裹体,而不影响相邻的包裹体。此方法最为有效的应用是分析含多个世代流体包裹体的天然样品。

关键词：矿物流体包裹体元素分析质谱仪

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线性复合电阻温度计

中国检验检测 1988年第5期 18-20页

作者： J.m.diamond 王明冲

1.概述高纯度无应变的铂在 T>0℃时满足下列方程:RT=R0（1+AT+BT2）（1）式中:T 是温度,用℃表示;R0是0℃时温度计的电阻;RT是温度为 T 时的温度计电阻;A 和 B 是常数,与金属纯度和接近无应变态时的温度有关。在工作中,分别取 A=3.985×

关键词：电阻温度计过补偿电桥线性化数学分析温度偏差

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仍待发现的未知物种有多少?

世界科学 1986年第3期 5-6页

作者： Jared m.diamond 刘燕明

在十九世纪,世界的大部份地区仍未进行生物学考察,新物种的发现是当时生物学中最令人振奋、最富有成果的领域;而今天,分子生物学成了生物学的主导,探查新物种的工作已黯然失色。大多数准动物学家因执意寻找大型神秘物种(更确切地说是灵... 详细信息

在十九世纪,世界的大部份地区仍未进行生物学考察,新物种的发现是当时生物学中最令人振奋、最富有成果的领域;而今天,分子生物学成了生物学的主导,探查新物种的工作已黯然失色。大多数准动物学家因执意寻找大型神秘物种(更确切地说是灵长类、食肉类或早已绝灭的恐龙类等)而遭到了嘲笑。

关键词：物种鸟类哺乳类

Simulation of Fusion Plasmas:Current Status and Future Direction

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Plasma Science and Technology 2007年第3期9卷 312-387页

作者： D.A.Batchelor m.Beck A.Becoulet R.V.Budny C.S.Chang P.H.diamond J.Q.Dong G.Y.FU A.Fukuyama T.S.Hahm D.E.Keyes Y.Kishimoto S.Klasky L.L.Lao K.Li Z.Lin B.Ludaescher J.manickam N.Nakajima T.Ozeki N.Podhorszki W.m.Tang m.A.Vouk R.E.Waltz S.J.Wang H.R.Wilson X.Q.Xu m.Yagi F.Zonca Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA 1122 Volunteer Blvd Suite 203KnoxvilleTN 37996-3450USA AssociationEURATOm-CEA sur la Fusio n Contr■lée CEA Cadarache13108 Saint Paul lez Durance CedexFrance Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08543USA Courant Institute of mathematical Sciences New York University251 Mercer StreetNew YorkNY 10012USA University of California at San Diego Dept.of Physics and Center for Astrophysics and Space SciencesLa JollaCA 92093USA Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China Department of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Columbia University Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsMC 4701New YorkNY 10027USA Department of Fundamental Energy Science Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan General Atomics P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCA 92186USA Department of Computer Science Princeton University PrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Computer Science University of California DavisCA95616USA National Institute for Fusion Science TokiGifu 509-5292Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka Fusion Research EstablishmentNaka-machiIbaraki-kenJapan Department of Computer Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Physics Fudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO10 5DD UK Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Research Institute for Applied mechanics Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla fusione CR FrascatiCasella Postale 65-00044FrascatiItaly

I. Introduction (Z. Lin, G. Y. Fu, J. Q. Dong) II. Role of theory and simulation in fusion sciences 1. The Impact of theory and simulation on tokomak experiments (H. R. Wilson, T.S. Hahm and F. Zonca) 2. Tokomak Transport Physics for the Era of ITER: Issues for Simulations (P.H. diamond and T.S. Hahm) III. Status of fusion simulation and modeling 1. Nonlinear Governing Equations for Plasma Simulations (T. S. Hahm) 2. Equilibrium and stability (L.L. Lao, J. manickam) 3. Transport modeling (R.E. Waltz) 4. Nonlinear mHD (G.Y. Fu) 5. Turbulence (Z. Lin and R.E. Waltz) 6. RF heating and current drive (D.A. Batchelor) 7. Edge physics Simulations (X.Q. Xu and C.S. Chang) 8. Energetic particle physics (F. Zonca, G.Y. Fu and S.J. Wang) 9. Time-dependent Integrated modeling (R.V. Budny) 10. Validation and verification (J. manickam) IV. major initiatives on fusion simulation 1. US Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program & Fusion Energy Science (W. Tang) 2. EU Integrated Tokamak modelling (ITm) Task Force (A. Becoulet) 3. Fusion Simulations Activities in Japan (A. Fukuyama, N. Nakajima, Y. Kishimoto, T. Ozeki, and m. Yagi) V. Cross-disciplinary research in fusion simulation 1. Applied mathematics: models, Discretizations, and Solvers (D.E. Keyes) 2. Computational Science (K. Li) 3. Scientific Data and Workflow management (S. Klasky, m. Beck, B. Ludaescher, N. Podhorszki, m.A. Vouk) 4. Collaborative tools (J. manickam)

关键词： mode ITER

HL-2A装置密度极限附近边缘剪切流和极向剩余胁强的实验研究

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核聚变与等离子体物理 2022年第S01期42卷 152-157页

作者：龙婷 diamond P H 柯锐洪荣杰许敏聂林王占辉李波高金明 HL-2A团队核工业西南物理研究院成都610041 加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校美国洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校美国洛杉矶不详

报道了HL-2A装置密度极限附近边缘剪切流和极向剩余胁强的最新实验研究结果。研究发现,等离子体密度向Greenwald密度靠近时,等离子体响应由绝热响应向流体动力学响应转变,导致湍流雷诺胁强中的非扩散项——剩余胁强降低,其径向梯度表征... 详细信息

报道了HL-2A装置密度极限附近边缘剪切流和极向剩余胁强的最新实验研究结果。研究发现,等离子体密度向Greenwald密度靠近时,等离子体响应由绝热响应向流体动力学响应转变,导致湍流雷诺胁强中的非扩散项——剩余胁强降低,其径向梯度表征的等离子体自发旋转力矩显著降低。边缘极向流的湍性驱动降低进一步导致边缘E×B极向流剪切强度减弱。这些实验结果证明了湍流剩余胁强的降低是导致托卡马克密度极限附近边缘极向剪切层崩塌的关键因素。

关键词： HL-2A装置 Greenwald密度极限边缘湍流 E×B剪切流雷诺胁强剩余胁强