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Disassembly of the fruit cell wall by the ripening-associated polygalacturonase and expansin influences tomato cracking

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1545-1559页

作者： Fangling Jiang Alfonso lopez Shinjae Jeon Sergio Tonetto de Freitas Qinghui Yu Zhen Wu John m.Labavitch Shengke Tian Ann L.T.Powell Elizabeth mitcham Department of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavis 95616USA Gangwon Agricultural Research and Extension Services Chuncheon 200-150South Korea Institute of Vegetables Xinjiang Academy of AgriculturalSciences830091 UrumchiChina College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University310058 HangzhouChina

Fruit cracking is an important problem in horticultural crop ***(SlPG)and expansin(SlEXP1)proteins cooperatively disassemble the polysaccharide network of tomato fruit cell walls during ripening and thereby,enable softening.A Golden 2-like(GLK2)transcription factor,SlGLK2 regulates unripe fruit chloroplast development and results in elevated soluble solids and carotenoids in ripe *** determine whether SlPG,SlEXP1,or SlGLK2 influence the rate of tomato fruit cracking,the incidence of fruit epidermal cracking was compared between wild-type,Ailsa Craig(WT)and fruit with suppressed SlPG and SlEXP1 expression(pg/exp)or expressing a truncated nonfunctional Slglk2(glk2).Treating plants with exogenous ABA increases xylemic flow into *** results showed that ABA treatment of tomato plants greatly increased cracking of fruit from WT and glk2 mutant,but not from pg/exp *** pg/exp fruit were firmer,had higher total soluble solids,denser cell walls and thicker cuticles than fruit of the other *** from the ABA treated pg/exp fruit had cell walls with less water-soluble and more ionically and covalently-bound pectins than fruit from the other lines,demonstrating that ripening-related disassembly of the fruit cell wall,but not elimination of SlGLK2,influences *** incidence was significantly correlated with cell wall and wax thickness,and the content of cell wall protopectin and cellulose,but not with Ca^(2+)content.

关键词： fir walls cracking

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management of critically ill patients with diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第3期8卷 89-96页

作者： Livier Josefina Silva-Perez mario Alberto Benitez-lopez Joseph Varon Salim Surani Department of medicine Autonomous University of Baja Cali-fornia School of Medicine Department of medicine Foundation Surgical Hospital the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Department of medicine Texas A and M UniversityCorpus Christi

Disorders of glucose homeostasis, such as stress-induced hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, are common complications in patients in the intensive care unit. Patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus(Dm) are more susceptible to hyperglycemia, as well as a higher risk from glucose overcorrection, that may results in severe hypoglycemia. In critically ill patients with Dm, it is recommended to maintain a blood glucose range between 140-180 mg/d L. In neurological patients and surgical patients, tighter glycemic control(i.e., 110-140 mg/d) is recommended if hypoglycemia can be properly avoided. There is limited evidence that shows that critically ill diabetic patients with a glycosylated hemoglobin levels above 7% may benefit from looser glycemic control, in order to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia and significant glycemic variability.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Critical care Stress hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Glycemic control Intensive care unit

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Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 induces a regulatory B cell-like phenotype in vitro

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2018年第10期15卷 917-933页

作者： Jacobo lopez-Abente Adrián Prieto-Sanchez maria-Ángeles muñoz-Fernandez Rafael Correa-Rocha marjorie Pion Laboratorio de Inmuno-Regulación Immunology DepartmentPabellón de Medicina y Cirugía ExperimentalHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón(IiSGM)Calle Máiquez9Madrid 28009Spain Laboratorio de Inmuno-Biología molecular Immunology DepartmentHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón(IiSGM)C/Dr.Esquerdo 46Madrid 28007Spain Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine(CIBER-BBN)C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5Pabellón 11Madrid 28029Spain

Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1(HIV-1)usually show a general dysregulation and hyper-activation of the immune system.A direct influence of HIV-1 particles on B-cell phenotypes and functions has been previously ***,the consequences of B-cell dysregulation are still poorly *** evaluated the phenotypic changes in primary B cells after direct contact with HIV-1 particles in comparison with different types of *** functionality of treated B cells was challenged in co-culture experiments with autologous CD4+and CD8+T *** demonstrated that HIV-1 induces a phenotypic change in B cells towards a regulatory B-cell phenotype,showing a higher level of IL-10,TGF-β1,EBI3 or IL-12(p35)mRNA expression and acquiring an immunosuppressive *** acquisition of a Breg phenotype was confirmed by co-culture experiments where HIVtreated B cells reduced the proliferation and the TNFαproduction of CD4+or CD8+T *** suppressive ability of HIV-treated B cells was dependent on cell-to-cell contact between these B cells and effector *** our knowledge,these data provide the first evidence that HIV-1 can directly induce a regulatory B cell-like immunosuppressive phenotype,which could have the ability to impair specific immune *** dysregulation could constitute one of the mechanisms underlying unsuccessful efforts to develop an efficient vaccine against HIV-1.

关键词： HIV-1 immune hyper-activation regulatory B cells

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The Viable but Non-culturable State in Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri is a Reversible State Induced by Low Nutrient Availability and Copper Stress Conditions

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第10期7卷 1019-1029页

作者： morteza Golmohammadi Jaime Cubero maria m. lopez Pablo Llop Centre of Plant Protection and Biotechnology Valencian Institute of Agricultural Research (IVIA) Ctra Moncada-Naquera Km4-5 Moncada (Valencia) 46113 Spain Department of Plant Protection lran Citrus Research Institute Ramsar Iran Dpt. Plant Protection National Institute for Agricultural Research and Technology (1NIA) Ctra. de La Coruna Km 7-5 Madrid28040 Spain

Xcc （Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri） causes citrus bacterial canker, a leaf, stem and fruit spotting disease that affects most commercial citrus species and cultivars. Copper compounds, widely used for management of this pathogen, have been reported as inducers of a VBNC （viable but non-culturable state） in plant pathogenic bacteria. VBNC may be considered as a state preceding bacterial death or as a survival mechanism under adverse conditions. Several experiments were performed to characterize the reversibility and persistence of the VBNC state in Xcc. VBNC was induced in low nutrient medium or with amendment of copper at concentrations used for field disease control. The VBNC condition was demonstrated to persist up to 150 days after copper treatment and was reversed after the addition of culture media without copper or amendment with citrus leaf extract. Xcc viability was evaluated by recovery of colonies on culture media, confirmed by membrane integrity, respiratory activity and by real-time RT-PCR targeting a sequence from the gumD gene. Besides, the colonies recovered were pathogenic on citrus leaves. These results confirm that the VBNC state in Xcc is inducible and reversible and therefore may occur in the phyllosphere when Xcc is under copper stress or starvation.

关键词： VBNC resuscitation Xanthomonas citri subsp citri.

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Analyzing Changes in maize Leaves Orientation due to GxExm Using an Automatic method from RGB Images

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 239-252页

作者： mario Serouart Raul lopez-Lozano Gaëtan Daubige maëva Baumont Brigitte Escale Benoit De Solan Frédéric Baret Arvalis Institut du végétal228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France INRAE Avignon UniversitéUMR EMMAHUMT CAPTE228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France Arvalis Ecophysiology21 Chemin de Pau64121 MontardonFrance

The sowing pattern has an important impact on light interception efficiency in maize by determining the spatial distribution of leaves within the *** orientation is an important architectural trait determining maize canopies light *** studies have indicated how maize genotypes may adapt leaves orientation to avoid mutual shading with neighboring plants as a plastic response to intraspecific *** goal of the present study is 2-fold:firstly,to propose and validate an automatic algorithm(Automatic Leaf Azimuth Estimation from midrib detection[ALAEm])based on leaves midrib detection in vertical red green blue(RGB)images to describe leaves orientation at the canopy level;and secondly,to describe genotypic and environmental differences in leaves orientation in a panel of 5 maize hybrids sowing at 2 densities(6 and 12 plants.m^(−2))and 2 row spacing(0.4 and 0.8 m)over 2 different sites in southern *** ALAEm algorithm was validated against in situ annotations of leaves orientation,showing a satisfactory agreement(root mean square[RmSE]error=0.1,R^(2)=0.35)in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to rows direction across sowing patterns,genotypes,and *** results from ALAEm permitted to identify significant differences in leaves orientation associated to leaves intraspecific *** both experiments,a progressive increase in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to the row is observed when the rectangularity of the sowing pattern increases from 1(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m row spacing)towards 8(12 plants.m^(−2),0.8 m row spacing).Significant differences among the 5 cultivars were found,with 2 hybrids exhibiting,systematically,a more plastic behavior with a significantly higher proportion of leaves oriented perpendicularly to avoid overlapping with neighbor plants at high *** in leaves orientation were also found between experiments in a squared sowing pattern(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m

关键词： cultivar spacing pattern

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Influence of FCA Welding Process Parameters on Distortion of 409m Stainless Steel for Rail Coach Building

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第1期20卷 71-78页

作者： m V Venkatesan N murugan B m Prasad A manickavasagam Department of mechanical Engineering Coimbatore Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore 641014TNIndia Integral Coach Factory Indian RailwaysChennai 600038TNIndia

The influence of flux cored arc welding （FCAW） process parameters such as welding current, travel speed, voltage and CO2 shielding gas flow rate on bowing distortion of 409m ferritic stainless steel sheets of 2 mm in thickness was discussed. The bowing distortions of the welded plates were measured using a simple device called profile tracer. An experimental regression equation was developed to predict the bowing distortion and with this equation, it is easy to select optimized process parameters to achieve minimum bowing distortion. It is revealed that the FCAW process parameters have significant influence on bead profile and the bowing distortion.

关键词： bowing distortion ferritic stainless steel flux cored arc welding statistical model rail coach distortion measurement

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Wing morphology covaries with migration distance in a highly aerial insectivorous songbird

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 255-263页

作者： Piotr matyjasiak Cosme lopez-Calderon Roberto Ambrosini Javier Balbontin Alessandra Costanzo Yosef Kiat Andrea Romano Diego Rubolini museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of Sciences Wilcza 64PL-00-679 WarsawPoland Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de BiologiaEdificio VerdeAvda.de Reina Mercedes s/nE-41012 SevillaSpain Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universita degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26I-20133 MilanItaly Israeli Bird Ringing Center(IBRC) Israel Ornithological CenterSociety for the Protection of Nature in IsraelHanegev 2Tel-AvivIsrael Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque IRSA-CNRVia del Mulino 19I-20861 Brugherio(MB)Italy Institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in WarsawWoycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 Warsaw Department of Wetland Ecology Estacion Biologica de Donana CsiCAmerico Vespucio s/nE-41092 SevilleSpain

According to classical prediction of aerodynamic theory,birds and other powered fliers that migrate over long distances should have longer and more pointed wings than those that migrate ***,the association between wing morphology and migratory behavior can be masked by contrasting selective pressures related to foraging behavior,habitat selection and predator avoidance,possibly at the cost of lower flight energetic *** studied the handwing morphology of Eurasian barn swallows Hirundo rustica from four populations representing a migration distance *** species is an aerial insectivore,so it flies extensively while foraging,and may migrate during the day using a‘fly-and-forage’migration *** foraging flights may reinforce the effects of migration distance on flight *** found that two wings’aerodynamic properties—isometric handwing length and pointedness,both favoring energetically efficient flight,were more pronounced in barn swallows from populations undertaking longer seasonal migrations compared to less migratory *** result contrast with two recent interspecific comparative studies that either reported no relationship or reported a negative relationship between pointedness and the degree of migratory behavior in *** results may thus contribute to confirming the universality of the rule that longer migrations are associated with more pointed wings.

关键词： flight morphology geographical differences Hirundo rustica migration syndrome population wing shape

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Holmium Oxide Film as a Saturable Absorber for 2μm Q-Switched Fiber Laser

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第5期34卷 48-51页

作者： m.F.A.Rahman m.F.m.Rusdi m.Q.Lokman m.B.H.mahyuddin A.A.Latiff A.H.A.Rosol K.Dimyati S.W.Harun Department of Electrical Engineering University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Photonics Research Centre University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Faculty of Electrical Engineering University Teknologi Mara Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia

This work reports on the use of the holmium oxide （Ho2O3） polymer film as a saturable absorber （SA） for generating stable Q-switching pulses operating in a 2μm region in a thulium-doped fiber laser cavity. The SA is prepared by diluting a commercial Ho3O2 powder and then mixing it with polyvinyI alcohol （PVA） solution to form a Ho2O3-PVA film. A tiny part of the film about 1mm×1 mm in size is sandwiched between two fiber ferrules with the help of index matching gel. When incorporated in a laser cavity driven by a 1552-nm pump, stable Q-switching pulses are observed at 1955nm within the pump power range of 363 491 roW. As the pmnp power increases within this range, the repetition rate rises from 26 kHz to 39 kHz, as the pulse width drops from 4.22μs to 2.57μs. The laser operates with a signal-to-noise ratio of 47dB, and the maximum output power and the pulse energy obtained are 2.67mW and 69ng, respectively. Our results successfully demonstrate that the Ho2O3 film can be used as a passive SA to generate a 2μm pulse laser.

关键词： m Q-Switched Fiber Laser SA FESEm

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Evaluation of curcumin and copper acetate against Salmonella Typhimurium infection,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1019-1030页

作者： Anaisa ALeyva-Diaz Daniel Hernandez-Patlan Bruno Solis-Cruz Bishnu Adhikari Young min Kwon Juan D.Latorre Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Benjamin Fuente-martinez Billy m.Hargis Raquel lopez-Arellano Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Departamento de medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUNAM04510 Ciudad de MexicoMexico Laboratorio 5:LEDEFAR Unidad de Investigacion MultidisciplinariaFacultad de Estudios Superiores(FES)CuautitlanUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)54714 Cuautitlan IzcalliMexico Department of Poultry Science Center of Excellence for Poultry ScienceUniversity of Arkansas1260 W.MaplePOSC 0-114FayettevilleAR 72704USA Centro de Ensenanza Investigacion y Extension en Produccion AvicolaFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y ZootecniaUNAMCiudad de MexicoMexico

Background:Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial *** of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds,given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ***,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate(CA),curcumin(CR),and their combination(CA-CR)against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection *** recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil(12 chickens per group)on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4(XLT-4)with novobiocin and nalidixic *** integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)in serum samples from blood obtained on d 10 *** ***,microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA ***:The results showed that in two independent studies,all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the *** colonization in cecal tonsils(CT,Pmpared to the positive control(PC)***,only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing *** counts in both independent ***,the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC(P=0.0084),which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal *** effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Li

关键词： Broiler chickens Copper acetate Curcumin Intestinal permeability microbiota composition Salmonella Typhimurium

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